Podcast Episode 95: Ten PANCE, PANRE, and Rotation Review Questions

Welcome to episode 95 of the Audio PANCE and PANRE Physician Assistant/Associate Board Review Podcast. Join me as I cover ten PANCE, PANRE and EOR review questions from the Smarty PANCE Instagram/Facebook page and the smartypance.com board review website. Special from today's episode: Follow Smarty PANCE and The Daily PANCE Blueprint on InstagramFollow Smarty PANCE and The Daily PANCE Blueprint on Facebook Below you will find an interactive exam to complement today's podcast. The Audio PANCE/PANRE and EOR PA Board Review Podcast I hope you enjoy this free audio component to the examination portion of this site. The full board review course includes over 2,000 interactive board review questions and is available to all members of Smarty PANCE. You can download and listen to past FREE episodes here, on iTunes, Spotify, on Google Podcasts, Stitcher, and most podcasting apps.You can listen to the latest episode, take an interactive quiz, and download more resources below. Listen Carefully Then Take the Practice Exam If you can't see the audio player, click here to listen to the full episode. Podcast Episode 95: Ten PANCE/PANRE and EOR Topic Blueprint Questions 1. A 52-year-old patient is admitted with a lower gastrointestinal bleed. He is given 2 units of packed red blood cells. A few hours later the patient develops a fever but has no other symptoms or changes in vital signs. Lab studies reveal no significant changes. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A. Transfusion-associated circulatory overloadB. Acute immune-mediated hemolytic reactionC. Transfusion-related acute lung injuryD. Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactionE. None of the above Click here to see the answer The answer is D. Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction The most common transfusion reaction is a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR). Patients with FNHTR may present with a fever a few hours after receiving packed red blood cells (PRBCs), which is caused by the small number of white blood cells and cytokines that can be found in each unit of PRBCs. Treatment consists of giving acetaminophen and ruling out other causes of fever (e.g., central line infection, urinary tract infection, etc). Incorrect Answers: Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (Choice A) occurs when the volume of the transfused component causes hypervolemia. Acute immune-mediated hemolytic reaction (Choice B) occurs when there are antibodies presented to blood donor antigens. Patients may present with hypotension, fever, or coagulopathic lab abnormalities. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (Choice C) is due to antibodies reacting with antigens leading to the release of mediators that causes edema in the lungs. Symptoms include fever, hypoxia, and dyspnea. VIEW BLUEPRINT LESSON Smarty PANCE Content Blueprint Review: Covered under ⇒ PANCE Blueprint Hematology ⇒ Immunologic disorders ⇒ Transfusion reaction 2. Which of the following is not a side effect of lithium? A. HyperparathyroidismB. HypothyroidismC. Cognitive fogD. TremorsE. All are side effects Click here to see the answer The answer is E. All are side effects  Lithium is the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder. It has many side effects that you should remember, such as hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, cognitive fog, and tremors. Lithium levels should be monitored to avoid toxicity. Remember, bipolar disorder is characterized by the symptoms DIG FAST: Distractibility, Irritability, Grandiosity, Flight of ideas, Activity increased, Sleep deficits, and Talkativeness. VIEW BLUEPRINT LESSON Smarty PANCE Content Blueprint Review: Covered under ⇒ PANCE Blueprint Psychiatry ⇒ Bipolar and related disorder Also covered as part of the Emergency Medicine EOR, Psychiatry EOR, and Family Medicine PAEA EOR topic list 3. Which of the following best explains the pathophysiology of vasovagal...