Podcast Episode 97: Murmurs Made Incredibly Easy – Ten PANCE Murmur Questions

Welcome to episode 97 of the Audio PANCE and PANRE PA board review podcast. Today is a bonus episode rounding out this fabulous five-part podcast series with Joe Gilboy PA-C, all about cardiac murmurs. In this week's episode, we continue our discussion of cardiac murmurs with ten PANCE and PANRE murmur questions. We'll cover the ins and outs of all the NCCPA content blueprint valvular disorders and learn how to identify and differentiate them from one another. If you haven't already, make sure to listen to our previous podcast episodes where we covered tricuspid stenosis, aortic valve murmurs, mitral valve murmurs, pulmonic valve murmurs, and HOCM and MVP. Podcast Episode 97: Murmurs Made Incredibly Easy - 10 PANCE and PANRE Murmur Questions Below is a transcription of this podcast episode edited for clarity. You can download and listen to past FREE episodes here, on iTunes, Spotify, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Amazon Music, and most podcasting apps.You can listen to this latest episode and access even more resources below. [00:00:00] Welcome back, everybody. This is Joe Gilboy. I work with Stephen Pasquini over there at Smarty PANCE. And today is the most dreaded podcast of all because you know what I'm going to do. That's right. I'm going to ask cardiac murmur questions. And I know it's the most dreaded thing in the world. Let's do this together because what I want to try to do here is make sense of it all. So, let's just kind of recap some basic rules before we start going down this thing. You know, the previous lectures, what have I been barking about? What's Joe been saying? First - inspiration, right? Expiration left. [00:00:40] Inspiration, right? Expiration left. So, with inspiration, the right-sided murmurs sound louder. So that's the tricuspid and the pulmonic valve regardless of if it's stenosis or regurgitation. Expiration - left. What am I saying? Everything on the left side sounds louder with expiration, whether it’s aortic or mitral - your call. [00:01:01] It can be stenotic or regurgitation, it doesn't matter, but it'll sound louder. What is squatting? Squatting is a party. So, what are you doing? You're bringing it all the blood flow back home. And so, if I bring all the blood flow back home, just from a laminar flow physics point of view, I bring more blood flow back home to the heart, more blood flow over a valve specifically with a diseased disease valve, it sounds louder. [00:01:29] So, right off the bat, squatting will do what? It's going to make all my murmurs sound louder. That's the whole point to decrease venous return. In other words, take blood flow away from the heart. What do I do? Well, those are going to be Valsalva and standing. So, what am I doing when I do Valsalva and standing? [00:01:56] Taking blood flow away from the heart. So, what's going to happen to all my murmurs when I stand and perform Valsalva? It takes blood flow away from the heart. Exactly. And then hand grip. What did handgrip do? So, in school, what'd you learn about hand grip? Well, it increases afterload, right? So, what they're really saying to you is this, and this is how I want you to visualize it. [00:02:18] When I do hand grip, what I'm really doing is this. You're right. I'm increasing the afterload. But you must stop and think this one out for a second, folks. What’s really in the heart? Which valve must fight afterload? [00:02:39] Say you increase the peripheral vascular resistance for whatever reason. So, you increase the afterload, who fights it? And your answer will be... oh, wait for a second, Joe, that's the aortic valve in the left ventricle. Exactly. So, when I perform handgrip, who am I really challenging? Oh, I'm challenging the aortic valve and everything behind it. [00:03:00] Exactly. So that's the point I need inside your head? Then remember our last podcast was about our low-volume lovers. Who were our low-volume lovers?