Rod and Staff: Tools of the Shepherd - Roger Meyer

Shepherds of old carried a rod and a staff, two important tools of their trade. For the shepherd, a rod was a stick or club that could be used offensively or defensively against a threat to himself or his flock. It was also used for discipline and counting, especially to determine the tithe of the increase of a flock (Leviticus 27:32). The shepherd’s staff was a longer and thinner stick with a hook on one end, used for guiding the flock and for capturing or saving sheep. Full text here - https://www.tomorrowsworld.org/commentary/rod-and-staff-tools-of-the-shepherd