S7 Ep15: Pediatric Blood Cancers: Building Better Outcomes Through Bold Science

In this episode of the Treating Together podcast, host Pallav Mehta, MD, medical oncologist at MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper University Health Care and medical director of Reimagine Care, speaks with E. Anders (Andy) Kolb, MD, president and chief executive officer of Blood Cancer United (formerly The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society; LLS). Together, they unpack the major forces shaping change in pediatric hematologic malignancies—from biology to treatment/care delivery and advocacy—and how they converge to rapidly translate research into practice.Key Discussion PointsThe conversation explores the momentum in pediatric blood cancer research and treatment, highlighting how genomics, clinical trials, and large-scale initiatives are reshaping care. Highlights include: Distinct Biology Driving Different Treatment Needs: Advances in genomic profiling reveal that pediatric leukemias are biologically distinct from adult disease, with more structural mutations (eg, translocations) rather than targetable point mutations—limiting applicability of many adult therapies. Barriers to Progress in Pediatric Myeloid Malignancies: Despite advances, progress in pediatric myeloid malignancies lags behind due to fewer actionable targets and limited drug development incentives. Clinical Trials as the Backbone of Care: Unlike adult oncology, trial participation is deeply embedded in pediatric care, with high enrollment rates driven by limited approved therapies, strong cooperative group infrastructure, and family motivation. Measuring Impact Beyond Survival: Beyond traditional end points like overall survival, the concept of life years saved highlights the long-term impact of curing children and informs research prioritization. Survivorship as a Research Driver: Long-term treatment effects (eg, infertility, organ damage) shape modern trial design, with increasing efforts to reduce toxicity and replace chemotherapy with targeted or immune-based therapies. Global Efforts Accelerating Progress: Initiatives like Blood Cancer United’s Dare to Dream are advancing research, access, and advocacy for high-risk pediatric patients.