Science & Technology Q&A for Kids (and others) [December 15, 2023]

Stephen Wolfram answers general questions from his viewers about science and technology as part of an unscripted livestream series, also available on YouTube here: https://wolfr.am/youtube-sw-qa Questions include: ​Can you tell us some not-widely-known insights about prime numbers? Are the distances between twin primes now quite well known, though? - What does the factoring learned in an Algebra 2 class actually do in a real-life situation? - ​​Assuming one-way functions don't exist, could the uncertainty given by a multiway function be able to save cryptography? - ​​How can we prove this randomness on a big scale? - ​​Could there be an inverse of the law of entropy increase? Something like under certain conditions, structural organization always increases? Which maybe gives rise to something like bioevolution? - Is there really an infinite amount of primes?