Stagione 5 episodio 1 - La diagnostica anticorpale nelle malattie autoimmuni del SNC episode artwork

EPISODE · Feb 13, 2025 · 13 MIN

Stagione 5 episodio 1 - La diagnostica anticorpale nelle malattie autoimmuni del SNC

from NEUROPOD · host SOCIETA' ITALIANA DI NEUROLOGIA

Dott.ssa Sara Mariotto e Dott.ssa Silvia BartolomeoBenvenuti a un nuovo episodio di NEUROpod. Mi presento, sono la Dottoressa Silvia Bartolomeo, medico in formazione specialistica al terzo anno presso l’Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, e oggi parleremo di un tema di crescente rilievo nella pratica clinica: la diagnostica anticorpale nelle malattie autoimmuni del sistema nervoso centrale.Queste patologie, come sappiamo, includono un ampio spettro di condizioni, dalle sindromi paraneoplastiche, alle sindromi demielinizzanti associate ad anticorpi anti-MOG e anti-AQP4, fino alle encefaliti autoimmuni. Negli ultimi anni, la scoperta di numerosi autoanticorpi diretti contro antigeni neuronali e gliali ha rivoluzionato l’approccio diagnostico, migliorando l'accuratezza della diagnosi stessa, la classificazione delle sindromi cliniche e l’orientamento terapeutico.L’indagine di laboratorio, attualmente, si basa su test sierologici e liquorali, con metodiche selezionate in base al sospetto clinico. Queste includono il test ELISA e l’immunoblotting, la diagnostica su tessuto mediante immunofluorescenza indiretta o immunoistochimica, e i Cell-Based Assay, eseguiti su cellule vive o fissate.Tuttavia, l’interpretazione dei risultati rimane complessa e richiede esperienza per evitare falsi positivi o negativi, massimizzando l’affidabilità diagnostica.Per approfondire questi aspetti, oggi abbiamo il piacere di confrontarci con la Dott.ssa Sara Mariotto neurologa presso l'Università di Verona, che ci guiderà nella comprensione delle metodologie più efficaci, dei limiti attuali e delle prospettive future della diagnostica anticorpale nelle malattie neurologiche autoimmuni.

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