Sultan Abdul Hamid II and the Ottoman Public Debt Administration

In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the Ottoman Public Debt Administration (OPDA), established in 1881 after the empire defaulted on its loans. They discuss how European creditors took control of Ottoman revenues, the impact on the empire's sovereignty, and the role of the OPDA in modernizing infrastructure. The conversation also covers the Galata bankers, the Düyun-u Umumiye building in Istanbul, and how this early form of international financial control influenced later IMF-style programs. A fresh angle on Ottoman economic history not covered in prior episodes. #OttomanEmpire #OttomanDebt #DüyunuUmumiye #OPDA #AbdulHamidII #GalataBankers #OttomanFinance #SovereignDebt #Imperialism #EconomicHistory #IstanbulHistory #19thCentury #HistoryOfDebt #FinancialColonialism #MiddleEastHistory #FexingoHistory #Podcast #History Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo