Surgical Aspects of Bladder–Prostate Rhabdomyosarcoma: Evidence-Based Local Control

When does surgery provide durable local control in bladder–prostate rhabdomyosarcoma without imposing unnecessary functional cost?This educational episode reviews the surgical decision points in BP-RMS, including diagnostic biopsy, induction therapy, local-control selection, delayed primary excision, organ-preserving surgery, radiotherapy, interpretation of residual masses, bladder outcomes, radical surgery, urinary reconstruction, and management of relapse.The central principle is response-adapted, multidisciplinary local control: resect only when surgery meaningfully improves oncologic control without unacceptable functional morbidity.Presented by Amin Afrasiabi, MD — Pediatric Urology.Intended for pediatric urologists, pediatric oncologists, radiation oncologists, surgeons, trainees, and multidisciplinary sarcoma teams.Educational disclaimer: This presentation is intended for healthcare-professional education. It does not replace current cooperative-group protocols, multidisciplinary assessment, institutional guidance, or individualized clinical decision-making.Key sources include contemporary INSTRuCT guidance, NCI Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma resources, and peer-reviewed literature cited within the presentation.