Tachycardia
from EM Clerkship Hosted by Zack Olson, MD
Basic Approach * Step 1: Is this SINUS tachycardia? * P before every QRS? * Treat the underlying condition* Step 2: Is this a NARROW and REGULAR rhythm?* SVT* Treat with vagal maneuvers or adenosine* Another new trend is treating with calcium channel blockers!! * ORTHOdromic Wolf Parkinson White* Treat with adenosine* Atrial flutter with fixed block* Treat with AV blockers (diltiazem)* Slows the heart rate* Step 3: Is this a NARROW and IRREGULAR tachycardia?* Almost always atrial fibrillation* Treat with AV blockers (diltiazem)* Other (less common) diagnoses* Atrial flutter with variable block* Multifocal atrial tachycardia* Step 4: Is this a WIDE and REGULAR tachycardia?* Assume ventricular tachycardia until proven otherwise* Treatment is immediate cardioversion if unstable* May try chemical cardioversion if stable* Procainamide* Amiodarone* Lidocaine* Other diagnoses* ANTIdromic Wolf Parkinson White* Narrow complex tachycardias PLUS aberrancy* Step 5: Is this a WIDE and IRREGULAR tachycardia?* Atrial fibrillation with bundle branch block* Extremely fast and bizarre in appearance? * Consider atrial fibrillation with Wolf Parkinson White Additional Reading * Calcium Channel Blockers for Stable SVT (ALiEM)* Atrial Fibrillation in WPW – Pearls and Pitfalls (County EM)
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