All right, now that we've looked at all the historical points about the binding of Isaac is Akhaba on this beautiful movement of faith of Abraham has and Isaac along right with him This is the climactic event of Abraham's life But we want to look at it deeper because if you remember flip back a page on the bottom of page two of your notes I gave you that quote from your commentary their Catholic introduction field testament Which says this that's bottom page two seeing the full light of the New Testament and the living tradition We discover that God does not desire the death of Isaac right? Well, we saw all of that But he does desire for Abraham and Isaac to enact within salvation history the kind of self sacrificial donation that got himself as a Trinity of persons will carry out in order to bring about the salvation of mankind in quote So we talked about all of that as we're going through the story But now let's see what are we talking about here? What does it mean to enact within salvation history the self donation of God the father God is son and God the Holy Spirit? And that's this typological approach and many people have pointed out various elements of this of how Isaac the story of Isaac is a beautiful pre-enactment of Jesus But I kid you not there really is no story in the Old Testament that more beautifully for shadows of Calvary And in fact this event of the binding of Isaac is known as a Calvary of the Old Testament Many people have called it that the Calvary of the Old Testament is here with the story of Abraham and Isaac and amazingly Pre-enax as a prophecy in words and in deeds the Calvary of the New Testament Jesus offering himself up along with the father for the salvation of mankind Okay, so there's as a recap here now that we know the story Let's go through and see all the various typological connections because it's more than just Abraham offering up the sun There is that so I'll recap all of this then you'll find various lists of these typological points and various commentaries Hopefully I've presented this in a particular way so you can really get the whole flow of it So number one here in your notes of both Isaac and Jesus are conceived miraculously right Sarah is old and she's barren and then Mary is a virgin so usually old barren women don't bear children and virgins typically never Children as well so both Isaac and Jesus are both born and conceived I should say miraculously, okay Number two both are called explicitly the only begotten or only beloved son of the father as we discussed earlier So three times Isaac is called the only begotten son or only beloved son of Abraham And of course we know Jesus is called the only begotten and only beloved son of God the father now you've got that Isn't the transfiguration and of course John 3 16 everybody knows that if you've gone you've gone to a sporting event Somebody is holding up a placard says John 3 16 right forgot to love the world He gave his only begotten son so both are called explicitly the only beloved son So that means that Abraham is a type of God the father and Jesus is a type or I should say Isaac is a type of Jesus But what about the Holy Spirit because as the commentary had pointed out This is a pre-enactment of the self donation of all three persons of the Trinity So a lot of people don't clarify this But the Holy Spirit is in the presence of the fire of the sacrifice because the Holy Spirit is often depicted in the scriptures as fire Think of Pentecost right the Holy Spirit comes down in the form of tongues of fire And then of course you've got the Exodus event where you've got the pillar of smoking the pillar of fire leading the people So the Holy Spirit is depicted here in the fire that consumes the sacrifice and since God is love Calvary with Jesus Christ right the Holy Spirit accepts the sacrifice of Jesus in a purity of fiery burning love for our sakes that We might participate in that love so there's where you see Father Son and Holy Spirit here in Calvary of the Old Testament Abraham is God Isaac is Jesus and in the fire of the sacrifice is the Holy Spirit, okay?
So that's number two number three the son of course that's Isaac as well as Jesus carries the wood of the sacrifice on his own shoulders We talked about this before here This is really important so Isaac carries the wood of the firewood on his shoulders Just as Jesus carries the wood of the cross on his own shoulders And then that means that Isaac was old enough to cooperate because remember if at any point Isaac didn't want to cooperate in the sacrifice It would be easy for him to punch that in the nose and go running for the hills if he didn't want to be sacrificed But in this brings us here number four the son both Isaac and Jesus freely cooperate and submit to the Father's will that's crucial here Isaac and Jesus allow themselves to be bound and they offer themselves up as a sacrifice So again, this is Isaac's test of faith too Everyone always focuses on Abraham and that's true God says to Abraham offer up your only beloved son as a sacrifice on Mount Mariah And he does this but Isaac is old enough to fight if he wanted to but he doesn't fight so he cooperates allowing himself to be sacrificed Trusting in God's promises. That's a big deal This is Isaac's test of faith and in fact as we're gonna see in our future lesson on Isaac He doesn't really have any other major tests of faith like other patriarchs do because this is test of faith He passes the test just as Abraham did so what that means then is that Isaac is both priests and victim right? He offers himself up as a victim in cooperation with Abraham and in obedience to God's command just like Jesus is also Priest and victim when he offers himself up on the cross and obedience to the Father's command. All right So number five both Isaac and Jesus are in their 30s This is based on Jewish tradition here one particular rabbinic tradition said that Isaac was specifically 37 years old And the reason for that is here in your footnote you can check one of the books by Victor Hamilton Basically just to summarize this here really quickly.
There was this Jewish tradition that Sarah was 90 That's not that's scripture Sarah was 90 when Isaac was born. She was 127 when she died So that's 37 years of she was 37 years old when Sarah died Well, the Jewish rabbinic tradition here is that she died of a broken heart when Abraham told her I'm gonna go offer Isaac as a sacrifice and obedience to God So she kind of watching them walk off to the horizon she dies of a broken heart That's one of the reasons why they say that Isaac was 37 years old I tend to not believe that that's just speculation because at this point in the game Sarah has made her arc and her journey She has faith and Sarah in many respects is a type of Mary Okay So the fact that Sarah dies not believing in God's promises is not necessarily I think the best way to look at that but that's just conjecture But in any case the revenge tradition says 37 that's the reason why okay, but obviously Jesus is 30 as well Okay, so they're both in their 30s one last point on that Isaac had to have been a strong man As we said if he's carrying the wood of the sacrifice on his back That's a lot of wood it takes a lot of wood to burn a lamb a ram a human person It's not just a couple of twigs back there He must have been young and strong in order to carry it so 30s make total sense All right, number six the Rams head is caught in a thick of the thorns Which is a pre-figurement of foreshadowing of Jesus is crowning with thorns number seven number seven number eight here in the notes trying to go together So stick with me here number seven is when Abraham said God himself will provide the lamb Remember that could also be translated and understood very easily defensively God will provide himself as the lamb He'll provide himself the lamb But he's the one who's gonna do it but also he's gonna do it and it will be himself and obviously both are true Okay, so when Abraham says God or the Lord will provide in this here in your notes That's literally Yahweh, Jairah or Yairah, okay, the Lord will provide provide what the lamb But it's interesting here is that after this whole story concludes as you remember a ram is provided not a lamb So is Abraham wrong in this prophecy did God not provide a lamb? Well, no, he did provide a ram because he's gonna fulfill the prophecy later on with Jesus Christ in order to accomplish this covenant Oh that was sworn as we saw that all nations the world's and families of the world will be blessed through Abraham It's gonna be given through the offering of this lamb, but we're not ready for that yet It's not until obviously Jesus Christ when he testament where the lamb is being identified This is if you flip the page in your notes in John chapter 1 verse 29 and 36 very famously John the Baptist says behold the lamb of God who takes away this end of the world This is what they've been waiting for all along This is what the sacrifices that Tamita perpetual sacrifice is kind of a remembrance of waiting for God to provide the Lamb then finally John the Baptist says behold the lamb so when Abraham says the Lord Yahweh will provide Yahweh Yairah He's gonna provide the lamb that refers to Jesus as we see in John chapter 1 Related to this is point number 8 in your notes in the same way Abraham didn't say just the Lord will provide He says on the mount of the Lord it shall be provided what Mount is this the Mount is Jerusalem All right, it's the same place as Mount Moriah, which was Salem at the time we talked about Melchizedek, right? So we know this very clearly from the biblical text itself So refresher in Genesis 22 22 God says take your son your only begotten Son Isaac whom you love and go to the land of Moriah and offer him there Well fast forward to setting chronicle chapter 3 verse 1 and it's very clear It's a Solomon began to build the house of the Lord in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah Okay, so it's the same mountain chain here And that's what's so mind-blowing is that the same exact location that Abraham offered up Isaac is the same place where Jesus is going to be offered up as well And so there's another connection here when you look at Yahweh Yairah when you add Yairah to Salem Which is what the city was at the time what you get but Yairah Salem Jerusalem this is the reason or the historical development of how Salem becomes Jairah Salem or Jerusalem as we get you can see that development of the sound of the name here God will provide Yairah as a prefix to Salem God will provide peace That is perfectly fulfilled with Jesus.
So Jerusalem literally means God will provide peace When will he provide peace? He's gonna provide peace precisely when he provides that land on Mount Moriah, which is Jairah So and also remember Salem is the place where Melchizedek was the righteous priest king So all in a previous lesson you remember everything we talked about Melchizedek offering up this Thanksgiving sacrifice of bread and wine They're in Jerusalem same location. So here's Jesus the Lamb of God offering up a Thanksgiving sacrifice of bread and wine before he offers himself up As priests and victim on Mount Moriah in Jerusalem. It's amazing, right?
So hopefully you're tracking with me with all these connections here. All right, so that's seven and eight which you can see together The Lord will provide the Lamb and you'll provide it at Jerusalem. Okay, beautiful. All right, number nine here So Abraham as we saw believe that God would resurrect Isaac from the dead, okay Which is exactly what happened to Jesus, of course, right?
So if you go back to chapter of well, obviously 22 Verse one verse two actually there's the command take your son and offer a girl show you three days later The whole story goes down and then Isaac is delivered from this command. He's free three days after the command is given He is freed from this Command of death you can call it in the same way Jesus. He dies three days later So Friday Saturday Sunday Friday is always counted as day one for the Jews on the third day. Obviously Jesus rises from the dead literally Okay, there's another one here, which I find extremely interesting and beautiful Which is this is point number 10 now in verse 17 God says to Abraham you could probably caught it before Your decision shall possess the gate of their enemies This is going to ultimately be fulfilled initially be fulfilled with the conquest of the promise land But you can see another connection here when you read the side by side with Matthew chapter 16 verse 18 when Jesus says to Peter that Gates of Hades will never overcome the church that I'm building upon you Peter.
All right, so this is ultimately is fulfilled And all nations are going to be blessed with Abraham That's fulfilled in the church and the church will never be overcome by the gates of Hades Right the church will have a power over the gates of the church's enemies and Jesus enemies That's being prefigured here when God says to Abraham you your descendants will possess the gate of their enemies We're talking about the establishment of the church. All right, all right Then there's a bonus one here You might find this in various commentaries that I have as well and that's the presence of the donkey It's got a little bonus one for you You know you got a donkey present in the story of Isaac and Abraham going up to Mount Mariah and then Jesus rides a donkey on Holy Saturday and the triumphal entry okay into Jerusalem as well That's what I included here because you're gonna find it in a couple different texts But it's a little bit more speculative because Jesus did ride the donkey into Jerusalem But I'm not so sure that Isaac wrote the donkey to say one or two the mountain chain of Mariah If anyone rode the donkey it'd probably be Abraham as a father who's in his 130s And even if Abraham didn't walk you probably put all the wood on the donkey So in any case I included that for you But you can see here I kind of the way I worked it certainly 10 points of typology between the Calvary of the Old Testament and the Calvary of the New Testament How the beautiful offering of Jesus Christ for the salvation of the sins of humanity Which becomes the worldwide blessing right is pre-enacted here with Abraham and Isaac I'm Dr. Nick Thank you so much for watching this clip I hope you enjoyed it if you did and you want to access the entire lesson in the entire course Come visit us over at scripturentradition.com and join our community of students You'll be able to access all of my courses in the audio library plus You'll be able to access my live courses whenever I teach a new topic on scripture or the catholic faith. God bless you