The First Gulf War – Desert Storm

Episode 29 explores the First Gulf War (1990–1991) and Operation Desert Storm, a conflict that marked the emergence of modern precision warfare and large-scale international military coalitions. After Iraq, under Saddam Hussein, invaded Kuwait in August 1990, the United Nations condemned the action and a U.S.-led coalition of more than 30 nations formed to force Iraqi withdrawal. Following months of military buildup during Operation Desert Shield, the coalition launched a massive air campaign in January 1991. Advanced technologies—including stealth aircraft, cruise missiles, and precision-guided bombs—crippled Iraq’s command systems and military infrastructure. After weeks of aerial bombardment, coalition forces launched a rapid ground offensive, using a sweeping maneuver known as the “left hook” to outflank Iraqi defenses. The ground war lasted just 100 hours, ending with the liberation of Kuwait and the collapse of Iraqi forces. The war demonstrated the power of modern military technology, satellite navigation, and multinational cooperation, establishing a new model for future conflicts. Despite the decisive victory, Saddam Hussein remained in power, leaving unresolved tensions that would shape Middle Eastern politics for years to come.