The Future of mining looks bright. 2025 was a busy year for the European Mining industry.

2025 has been an important year for the mining industry in Europe, the critical raw material act starts to gain some real results, so I'm looking back on 2025 and thinking about what it might mean for the future.Sources / reading for show notes (key references):·       JRC / Raw Materials Information System (RMIS) — supply/demand analysis and battery raw-materials commentary. RMIS - Raw Materials Information System+1·       IEA — Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025 (supply-demand figures for lithium, graphite, nickel, cobalt, rare earths). iea.blob.core.windows.net·       European Commission / Critical Raw Materials pages and policy targets (CRMA 2030 targets context). Internal Market and SMEs+1·       Representative project stories (Vulcan Energy / Greenland Amitsoq graphite) for concrete production examples. European Commission — list of 47 Strategic Projects (March 25, 2025). European Commission+1Sandvik press release and European Investment Bank loan (November 2025, €500m). Sandvik Group+1Vulcan Energy financing announcement (December 2025 reporting). Financial TimesGreenland’s Amitsoq graphite permit / GreenRoc (December 2025). Reuters·       EIT RawMaterials — ERMAcademy and education initiatives (May 2025). eit.europa.eu+1