Uḍḍiyāna in the Krama Literature

Uḍḍiyāna looms large in early Krama scriptures, as does its karavīra charnel ground. Ben Williams investigates. Uḍḍiyāna looms large in early Krama scriptures, as does its karavīra charnel ground, which is vividly depicted in the Kālīkuladevīpañcaśataka and Kālīkulakramasadbhāva. This paper looks closely at the way Uḍḍiyāna is envisioned as a powerful seat of Kālī and her sacrificial assembly, and a site of revelation in the Krama tradition, particularly in the lineage inaugurated by Jñānanetra in the ninth-century. This will include a look at later Krama sources that creatively invoke the presence of Uḍḍiyāna through hymns and ritual practice.