Vol.149 二程:开理学先河的洛学双璧 episode artwork

EPISODE · Feb 24, 2026 · 10 MIN

Vol.149 二程:开理学先河的洛学双璧

from 有个人物

“二程”指北宋著名理学家程颢(1032-1085)与程颐(1033-1107)兄弟,河南洛阳人,世称“二程夫子”,是宋明理学的奠基者,其学说合称“洛学”。程颢(字伯淳,号明道)性格温和宽厚,主张“天人合一”“仁者浑然与物同体”;强调“识仁”“诚敬”,认为道德修养重在内心自觉与自然流露;教学循循善诱,门人称其“如坐春风中”。程颐(字正叔,号伊川)性格刚直严谨,提出“性即理也”,将伦理纲常提升至宇宙本体高度;主张“格物致知”“涵养须用敬,进学则在致知”;重礼法,曾因“程门立雪”典故彰显师道尊严。共同贡献:继承周敦颐、张载思想,以“理”(或“天理”)为宇宙最高本体,确立理学核心范畴;批判佛老,复兴儒学,强调“君臣父子,天下之定理”;开创书院讲学风气,培养大批理学人才;其语录由弟子整理为《二程遗书》,后经朱熹推崇,成为程朱理学正统源头。南宋朱熹集其大成,形成“程朱理学”,元明清三代奉为官方哲学。二程被追封为“豫国公”“洛国公”,从祀孔庙。

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