When a Skin Flap Fails: Spot the Early Signs Before It’s Too Late

This episode explains how and why skin flaps die, focusing on the early warning signs, differences between arterial insufficiency and venous congestion, and the underlying microvascular physiology. It covers common causes of flap failure—tension, hematoma, infection, diabetes-related microangiopathy, and poor offloading—how to assess a threatened flap (color, capillary refill, temperature, Doppler), and the step-by-step rescue measures clinicians use to improve perfusion. Listen for practical timelines for salvage, prevention strategies before surgery (vascular testing, optimization, smoking cessation, nutrition), and the importance of rapid action and frequent monitoring to maximize flap survival and protect the limb.