EPISODE · Feb 4, 2026 · 11 MIN
Which Christians First 'Demonized' Muhammad?
from Raymond Ibrahim · host Raymond Ibrahim
A response to Karen Armstrong's claim that the Crusaders were the first Christian group in history to demonize Muhammad as a way to justify the First Crusade. My original written response (from 2007), as well as a link to Armstrong's article, here: https://www.raymondibrahim.com/05/07/2007/islamic-apologetics
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Which Christians First 'Demonized' Muhammad?
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