Why Was Everyone in History Always Killing Each Other? The Moral Psychology of Our Ancestors

Crucifixions, feudalism, caste systems, torture, slavery: all centralised states, from the beginning of civilisation in the 4th millennium BCE until very, very recently, saw all of these as totally normal. There's a reason why 'Horrible Histories' wasn't called 'Really Quite Pleasant, Actually, Histories.' But why? How did these societies- our ancestors- view morality, what did they perceive as morally right or wrong, and when did that change?This is a long video, but it explores the root causes of this in a thorough, evidence-based way. And it's not just my opinion- on this channel, it never is. I've spent the last half a decade studying the academic literatures of political science, history, psychology, and more, and in this video I'm integrating multiple different consensuses from experts in multiple different fields to give you a genuinely evidence-based answer.This video is a combined synthesis of loadsss of different scientific theories, sociological surveys, analyses of primary sources, and expert conclusions. None of this is my own 'hot take' or bias: I'm only interested in soaking up knowledge from people who have more understanding in this than I do, and then transmitting that knowledge to you.Thanks very much for watching!