2 Complicated 4 History

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus sit down with historian Dr. Todd Arrington, former director of the Eisenhower Presidential Library, to explore the life and legacy of General—and later President—Dwight D. Eisenhower. Far from the stereotype of the “boring” 1950s, Dr. Arrington reveals how Eisenhower’s leadership and the era’s pivotal events helped shape the America we know today. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon:www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia CHAPTERS:0:00 A Note Before We Start: Why This Episode Was Delayed2:07 Meet Todd Arrington, Director of the Eisenhower Library3:09 What Is a Presidential Library, Anyway?4:19 Inside the 22-Acre Eisenhower Campus7:07 The "Elevator Pitch" for Why Eisenhower Matters9:35 From West Point to the Army's Rising Star11:24 Planning D-Day & Becoming a Global Icon12:03 Truman Offers Ike the Presidency (As a Democrat!)14:20 Building NATO After World War II18:12 Where Eisenhower's Leadership Style Came From22:53 The General Marshall Wanted for D-Day — Himself26:16 From Five-Star General to Commander-in-Chief26:47 "Atoms for Peace" and Wanting to Be a Man of Peace30:31 Ending the Korean War33:23 The Interstate Highways, Little Rock & Civil Rights38:07 McCarthyism: "I'm Not Getting in the Gutter"41:34 Fighting for the 1952 Nomination Against "Mr. Republican"43:50 From Average President to America's 5th Greatest47:39 Generals Who Became President: Grant, Eisenhower & Beyond52:35 Mamie Eisenhower: The Woman Behind Ike57:00 "I Like My Bangs": Mamie's Best Quote58:03 A Final Interview With Mamie, Ten Years After Ike's Death59:19 "The Proudest Thing I Can Claim Is That I'm From Abilene"1:02:18 Where to Learn More: Abilene, Gettysburg & DC1:05:16 Find the Eisenhower Library Online EPISODE LINKS:Dr. Todd Arrington - https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/press-releases/todd-arrington-appointed-director-dwight-d-eisenhower-presidential-library-and; https://wydaily.com/latest/local/2026/03/07/preservation-virginia-jamestown-rediscovery-announce-new-executive-director/Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library – https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.govFarewell Address – https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/president-dwight-d-eisenhowers-farewell-addressWest Point Military Academy – https://www.westpoint.edu/about/history-of-west-pointOmar Bradley – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Omar-Nelson-BradleyDouglas McArthur – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Douglas-MacArthurJohn J. Pershing - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-J-PershingFox Conner - https://armyhistory.org/major-general-fox-connerNATO – https://www.nato.intBernard Law Montgomery - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bernard-Law-Montgomery-1st-Viscount-MontgomeryGeorge S. Patton – https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-Smith-PattonGeorge Marshall – https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-C-MarshallAtoms for Peace speech – https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/research/online-documents/atoms-peaceJohn Eisenhower – https://eisenhowerfoundation.net/soldier/john-eisenhowerCivil Rights Act of 1957 – https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/research/online-documents/civil-rights-act-1957Joseph McCarthy – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-McCarthyRobert Taft – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-A-TaftMamie Eisenhower – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mamie-EisenhowerUlysses S. Grant – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ulysses-S-GrantEisenhower National Historic Site – https://www.nps.gov/eise/index.htmEisenhower Memorial, Washington, D.C. – https://www.nps.gov/ddem/index.htmInstagram – https://www.instagram.com/ikelibrary/Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/IkeLibraryTwitter - @IkeLibrary

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and special guest host Bryan Austin welcome Dr. Greg Jackson to examine 250 years of American partisanship, political violence, and yellow journalism. While these forces still shape the modern world, history proves they are not insurmountable—if we overcame them before, we can do it again.Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon:www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia CHAPTERS:0:00 Things Have Never Been This Bad?0:50 Meet Greg Jackson & the Legendary Library Ladder5:08 The Plane Ride That Launched a Podcast11:09 Why People Are Starving for Real History17:11 Touring America with "The Unlikely Union"19:20 "This Is the Worst It's Ever Been" — Remember the Civil War26:01 The Big Idea: Why History Rhymes30:46 The Founders at Their Worst31:47 Hamilton vs. Jefferson & America's First Media War36:13 Fake News in the 1790s39:39 The Baltimore Riots of 181242:25 Major William Barney: A Forgotten American Hero44:18 Free Speech & the Press, Then and Now47:08 What These Dark Chapters Teach Us Today50:45 A Call to Action: Be a Better Angel53:47 Inside the Book: JQA & the Most Corrupt Election Ever56:21 Visit a Small Museum & Philadelphia's Gazette War59:39 Where to Find Greg & His Book EPISODE LINKS:Greg Jackson – https://www.htdspodcast.com/aboutBeen There, Done That: How Our History Shows What We Can Overcome – https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Been-There-Done-That/Greg-Jackson/9781668062609#:~:text=Greg%20Jackson%20is%20the%20creator,podcasts%20on%20Apple%20and%20SpotifyHistory That Doesn’t Suck – https://www.htdspodcast.comGreg Jackson’s Tour – https://www.htdspodcast.com/live-showsThe Balloon Hoax – https://www.eapoe.org/works/mabbott/tom3t015.htmJohn Fenno – https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-FennoPhilippe Freneau – https://allthingsliberty.com/2025/10/the-good-old-republican-cause-philip-freneaus-principled-stand-against-the-shadow-of-monarchy/Alexander C. Hanson – https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/H000176Major William Barney – https://www.mdhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/mdhm_special_issue_2012.pdfCharles Sumner – https://www.senate.gov/senators/FeaturedBios/Featured_Bio_Sumner.htmPODCAST INFO:Podcast website: 2c4hpod.comApple Podcasts:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL:- Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast- Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Anna O. Law to explore the tangled history of migration, citizenship, and federal power in early America. From colonial-era immigration policies to the Reconstruction Amendments, Dr. Law reveals how slavery, state competition, and the fight over who belongs shaped the nation’s immigration system—and why the federal government didn’t take control until surprisingly late.Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemediaCHAPTERS:0:00 - Introductions1:27 - The 16-Year Journey to Writing the Book5:52 - From Migration to Citizenship: How the Book Evolved7:57 - The Evolution of Citizenship in Early America10:19 - State vs. Federal Citizenship: The Murky Legal Landscape12:16 - Colonial-Era Migration: A Crazy Quilt of State Laws17:19 - Migration vs. Immigration: An Important Distinction19:14 - The Articles of Confederation and the Constitution24:16 - State Police Powers and Migration Control25:28 - The Alien and Sedition Acts: Slavery’s Hidden Influence29:18 - Native Americans and Migration Recruitment33:50 - The Chinese Exclusion Act38:10 - The Federal Takeover of Immigration44:16 - Freedom of Mobility and the Right to Remain47:34 - Surprising Supreme Court Cases53:04 - Sovereign Citizens and Historical Misinterpretation54:18 - The 14th Amendment and Birthright Citizenship Today58:22 - Wrapping UpEPISODE LINKS:Dr. Anna O. Law: https://www.brooklyn.edu/faculty-staff/anna-o-law/Migration and the Origins of American Citizenship: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/migration-and-the-origins-of-american-citizenship-9780197660096CUNY Brooklyn College – Political Science: https://www.brooklyn.edu/political-science/Articles of Confederation: https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/articles-of-confederation Privileges and Immunities Clause: https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artIV-S2-C1-1/ALDE_00013777/Naturalization Clause: https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C4-1-1/ALDE_00013160/Alien and Sedition Acts (1798): https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/alien-and-sedition-actsAlien Enemies Act: https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/alien-enemies-act-explainedChinese Exclusion Act (1882): https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/chinese-exclusion-actPuck Magazine – Anti-Chinese Political Cartoons: https://thomasnastcartoons.com/tag/statue-of-liberty/13th Amendment: https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/13th-amendment14th Amendment – Birthright Citizenship: https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/amendments/amendment-xivReconstruction Amendments: https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/intro.6-4/ALDE_00000388/Mayor of New York v. Miln (1837): https://www.oyez.org/cases/1789-1850/36us102The Passenger Cases (1849): https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/48/283/Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857): https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/dred-scott-v-sandfordGerald Neuman – “The Lost Century of American Immigration Law”: https://fedsoc.org/commentary/fedsoc-blog/the-lost-century-of-american-immigration-lawKevin Kenny – The Problem of Immigration in a Slaveholding Republic: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-problem-of-immigration-in-a-slaveholding-republic-9780197580080Gregory Ablavsky (Amicus Brief on Birthright Citizenship): https://law.stanford.edu/gregory-ablavsky/Bethany Berger (Amicus Brief on Birthright Citizenship): https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2610859Trump v. CASA (Birthright Citizenship Case): https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24a884_8n59.pdfSovereign Citizens Movement: https://www.splcenter.org/resources/extremist-files/sovereign-citizens-movement/

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus welcome retired New York Supreme Court judge and author Diane Kiesel to explore the scandalous romance between film icon Charlie Chaplin and young aspiring actress Joan Barry. The explosive courtroom drama that followed—set against Chaplin’s famously chaotic personal life—reveals much about fame, justice, and power in America. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon:www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia CHAPTERS:0:00 - Introductions3:06 - Charlie Chaplin: The Man Behind the Tramp6:30 - The Juicy Hollywood Story: Chaplin’s Relationships7:36 - The Legal Journey: How a Judge Writes a Biography10:25 - Joan Barry: The Woman Behind the Scandal13:44 - Charlie Chaplin’s Romantic History20:54 - The Complicated Relationship: Victim or Victimizer?24:15 -  The FBI Investigation: Politics and Scandal27:23 - The Complicated Relationship: Victim or Victimizer? PT.234:11 - The Media Circus of the Chaplin Trial39:59 - The Role of the Judge and Legal Maneuvering45:51 - Joan’s Paternity Lawsuit and It’s Implications54:38 - The Aftermath: Chaplin's Career and Joan's Struggles1:06:05 - Final Thoughts EPISODE LINKS:Diane Kiesel – https://www.dianekiesel.comWhen Charlie Met Joan – https://press.umich.edu/Books/W/When-Charlie-Met-Joan2Mary Louise Gribble (“Joan Barry”) – https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/150198409/mary_louise-baker2026 Prose Award in Biography – https://publishers.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/2026-PROSE-Awards-Finalists-and-Category-Winners-1.pdfKeystone Comedy – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Keystone-KopsMack Sennett – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mack-SennettThe Little Tramp – https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2014/jan/27/charlie-chaplin-tramp-birth-heroThe Great Dictator – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0032553/Modern Times – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0027977/?ref_=fn_t_1Paulette Goddard – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paulette-GoddardJ. Paul Getty – https://www.britannica.com/money/J-Paul-GettyTim Durant – https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0243885/The Gold Rush – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0015864/?ref_=fn_t_1Oona O'Neill – https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0152253/The Mann Act – https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/mann_actHedda Hopper – https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0394407/Fatty Arbuckle scandal – https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/10/11/fatty-arbuckle-and-the-birth-of-the-celebrity-scandalJerry Giesler – https://www.nytimes.com/1962/01/02/archives/jerry-giesler-75-lawyer-is-dead-he-won-fame-for-defending-hollywood.htmlJames Francis Thaddeus O'Connor – https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/oconnor-james-francis-thaddeusCharles H. Carr – https://www.fjc.gov/node/1378866Samuel Marx – https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0555674/Joseph Scott – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Scott_(attorney)Monsieur Verdoux – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0039631/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_4_nm_0_in_0_q_Monsieur%20Vodou%20PODCAST INFO:Podcast website: 2c4hpod.comApple Podcasts:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL:- Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast- Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus sit down with author and fine artist Chris Semtner to explore the lesser-known side of Edgar Allan Poe. Best remembered as the dark, brooding voice behind “The Raven,” Poe was far more than a master of the macabre. This episode reveals a witty, charming, and surprisingly scientific thinker whose personality—and ideas—challenge everything you thought you knew about him. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon:www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia EPISODE LINKS:Chris Semtner – https://chrissemtner.comHaunting Poe: His Afterlife in Richmond and Beyond - https://shop.poemuseum.org/Haunting-Poe-p458518272Edgar Allan Poe Museum - https://poemuseum.orgEdgar and Tib - https://www.instagram.com/poemuseumcats/Hop-Frog - https://poestories.com/read/hop-frogThe Cask of Amontillado - https://poestories.com/read/amontilladoThe Tell-Tale Heart - https://poestories.com/read/telltaleheartThree Sundays in a Week - https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/sundyb.htmGodey’s Lady’s Magazine - https://web.colby.edu/bookhistory2020/2018/03/05/origins-of-godeys-ladys-magazine/Henry Wadsworth Longfellow - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Wadsworth-LongfellowC. Auguste Dupin - https://www.britannica.com/topic/C-Auguste-DupinMesmerism - https://dictionary.apa.org/mesmerismAndrew Jackson Davis - https://jonestown.sdsu.edu/?page_id=81671Edgar Cayce - https://www.theosophical.org/publications/quest-magazine/edgar-cayce-ordinary-man-extraordinary-messengerThe Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar - https://poestories.com/read/factsMesmer and Swedenborg - https://archive.org/details/mesmerswedenborg00bushTamerlane - https://poemuseum.org/tamerlane/Al Aaraaf - https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Al_Aaraaf,_Tamerlane_and_Minor_Poems/Al_AaraafEureka: A Prose Poem - https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/32037Horace Walpole - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Horace-WalpoleAnn Radcliffe - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ann-Radcliffe-English-authorLigeia - https://poestories.com/read/ligeiaBerenice - https://poestories.com/read/bereniceMorella - https://www.eapoe.org/works/tales/mrllah.htmEleonora - https://poestories.com/read/eleonoraThe Colloquy of Monos and Una - https://poemuseum.org/the-colloquy-of-monos-and-una/Eulalie - https://poemuseum.org/eulalie/Portrait of Virginia Poe - https://www.eapoe.org/papers/misc1921/deasf76a.htmJohn Neal - https://www.eapoe.org/pstudies/ps1970/p1974202.htmN.P. Willis - https://whitmanarchive.org/item/encyclopedia_entry110The Assignation - https://poemuseum.org/the-assignation/Sarah J. Hale - https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/sarah-haleThe Bells - https://www.eapoe.org/works/mabbott/tom1p101.htmThe Fox Sisters - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-fox-sisters-and-the-rap-on-spiritualism-99663697/Horace Greeley - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Horace-GreeleyRufus Griswald - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rufus-Wilmot-GriswoldSir Arthur Conan Doyle - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-Conan-DoyleSarah Helen Whitman - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sarah-Helen-Power-WhitmanHarry Houdini - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Harry-HoudiniPODCAST INFO:Podcast website: 2c4hpod.comApple Podcasts:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL:- Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast- Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus talk with author and historian Dr. Chris Yogerst about the uproar sparked by a few isolationist senators who accused Hollywood’s early anti-Nazi films of promoting war. Their ill-fated investigation became a national spectacle, splashed across newspapers for all to see. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon:www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia CHAPTERS:00:00:00 - Introductions00:02:07 - Introduction to Hollywood’s Historical Context00:04:00 - Why Hollywood?00:06:08 - The State of Hollywood in the Great Depression and The Lead Up to WWII00:09:06 - Understanding Propaganda in Hollywood Movies00:12:49 - What Caused the Senate to Investigate Hollywood?00:18:18 - The Rise of Isolationism vs. Interventionism00:20:53 - The Hays Code And The Hollywood Response to Current Events00:26:48 The Role of Movies in Public Perception00:28:26 - The Senate Investigates Hollywood00:32:34 - The Disconnect Between Politicians and Technology00:35:11 - Reactions to The Investigation00:37:03 - The Role of Evidence and The Underlying Prejudice00:41:09 - Was Everyone In On It?00:42:52 - Studipidity and Dog Whistles00:44:27 - Media Coverage and Public Perception00:48:19 - Shifting Political Rhetoric Post-Pearl Harbor00:50:48 - Why Did You Choose This Topic?00:55:21 - Where Should People Visit00:58:24 - The Three Movies People Should Watch EPISODE LINKS:Dr. Chris Yogerst – https://www.chrisyogerst.comSubstack – https://chrisyogerst.substack.comBlueSky – https://bsky.app/profile/chrisyogerst.comHollywood Hates Hitler!: Jew-Baiting, Anti-Nazism, and the Senate Investigation into Warmongering in Motion Pictures – https://www.ubcpress.ca/hollywood-hates-hitlerThe Man Who Shot Liberty Valance – https://www.unmpress.com/9780826368386/the-man-who-shot-liberty-valance/The Warner Brothers – https://www.kentuckypress.com/9780813198019/the-warner-brothers/The Great Dictator – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0032553/Black Legion – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0027367/Why We Fight films – https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7jF6pEM23dcE3HsS8QsS2L3lx4Do98JpCharles E. Coughlin – https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/charles-e-coughlinAmerica First Committee – https://www.britannica.com/topic/America-First-CommitteeCharles Lindberg – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-LindberghGerald Nye – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hollywood-blacklist#ref1191115Hitler in Los Angeles – https://www.pulitzer.org/finalists/steven-j-rossThe Hays Code – https://www.britannica.com/art/Hays-CodeJoseph Breen – https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1033952/Leo Frank Case – https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/frank-petition.htmlConfessions of a Nazi Spy – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0031173/House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) – https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-Un-American-Activities-CommitteeBennett Champ Clark – https://dcchs.org/judges/clark-bennett-champ/Wendell Willkie – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wendell-WillkieErnest McFarland – https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry?entry=MC022Harry Warner – https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0912481/bio/Charlie Chaplin – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charlie-ChaplinDorothy Thompson – https://erpapers.columbian.gwu.edu/dorothy-thompson-1893-1961Thomas Doherty – https://scholarworks.brandeis.edu/esploro/profile/thomas_doherty/overviewThe Mortal Storm – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0032811/PODCAST INFO:Podcast website: 2c4hpod.comApple Podcasts:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aabSOCIAL:- Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus welcome historian Dr. Matthew Mason to explore the struggle for the moral high ground during the American Revolution. They unpack how the language of slavery and freedom shaped public debate—and how it became central to understanding the war itself. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon:www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia CHAPTERS:0:00 - Introductions1:13 - Making Sense of “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death!”4:36 - “Men of Their Time”  is Factually Inaccurate6:40 - Explaining Politcal Slavery9:47 - How Slavery Played A Larger Role in The American Revolution Than We Used to Believe14:31 - The Complicated Mythology Around The Revolution16:34 - Any Acknowledgement of The Inherent Hypocrisy19:11 - Anti Slavery Movement in the 18th Century vs The Abolition Movement in the 19th Century 23:41 - Morale High Ground: Anti Slavery Sentiments In the Colonies and England26:19 - Why Did It Matter Who Had the Moral High Ground?29:11 - Defining the American Revolution vs the Revolutionary War31:56 - Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation33:39 - Parsing The Religiosity of the Founders40:09 - The Surprising Perspective of Benjamin Rush43:20 - Changing Your Own Perspective on History46:52 - The Global Perspective on The American Colonies51:15 - Where to Visit and How to Find Matthew EPISODE LINKS:Dr. Matthew Mason - https://history.byu.edu/directory/matthew-masonSeeking the High Ground: Slavery and Political Conflict in the British Atlantic World - https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/10097/Slavery and Politics in the Early American Republic - https://uncpress.org/9780807859230/slavery-and-politics-in-the-early-american-republic/Patrick Henry “Give Me Liberty” Speech - https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/patrick.aspSamuel Johnson Quote - https://www.samueljohnson.com/tnt.htmlAbolitionism - https://www.britannica.com/topic/abolitionism-European-and-American-social-movement“For the Cause of Liberty is the Cause of GOD” - https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=evans;cc=evans;rgn=main;view=text;idno=N11353.0001.001Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation, 1775 - https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/spotlight-primary-source/lord-dunmores-proclamation-1775Jean-Jacques Dessalines episode - https://youtu.be/wWhBPfjnf2Y?si=AEUfPw4sFW92RvGKSheldon Cooper “Fun With Flags” - https://youtu.be/_e8PGPrPlwA?si=G3SZhnVHnutApwmbBenjamin Rush - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-RushPennsylvania Abolition Society - https://www.paabolition.orgApostles of Disunion: Southern Secession Commissioners and the Causes of the Civil War – https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/1156/Somerset Decision of 1772 - https://www.gilderlehrman.org/sites/default/files/inline-pdfs/AppenA.pdfMuseum of the American Revolution – https://www.amrevmuseum.orgBlueSky - https://bsky.app/profile/matthewmason.bsky.socialPODCAST INFO:Podcast website: 2c4hpod.comApple Podcasts:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL:- Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast- Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus welcome Dr. Jake Subryan Richards to examine the uncertain path to freedom for Africans rescued from the illegal slave trade in the nineteenth-century Atlantic World. Their stories reveal legal struggles, efforts to build new communities, and the ongoing fight for justice and autonomy amid persistent obstacles. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon:www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia CHAPTERS:0:00 - Introductions1:20 - What led to your research?2:56 - Transatlantic History Beyond the US4:25 - Contextualizing the Language Used in the Altlantic Slave Trade9:47 - The Bonds of Freedom12:42 - What is the 14 Year Rule and Who Started it?17:35 - What Was the Moral Rationale?21:26 - What Happened to the “Liberated” Africans? The Different Phases of the Courts29:48 - Memories Before Enslavement32:11 - Did The Privateers Collect Rewards After Liberating the Enslaved?34:34 - Building Community After Liberation36:39 - Differences Between Apprenticeship vs Slavery41:09 - Implicit or Explicit Policing42:36 - Slave Societies vs Societies with Slaves: The Ability to Gain Civil Rights48:12 - Identity, Companionship and Life After54:35 - A Global Community57:21 - Reorienting Atlantic History1:01:48 - Closing Thoughts And Where to Visit EPISODE LINKS:Dr. Jake Subryan Richards - https://www.lse.ac.uk/International-History/People/academicStaff/richards/richardsThe Bonds of Freedom: Liberated Africans & the End of the Slave Trade - https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300263206/the-bonds-of-freedom/Transatlantic Slave Trade – https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/teacher-resources/historical-context-facts-about-slave-trade-and-slavery1807 British Abolition Act- https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/law/1807-act-abolition-slave-trade-british-empire1808 U.S. Act Prohibiting the Importation of Slaves - https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/slave-trade.htmlBlack Loyalists – https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/black-loyalistsSierra Leone – https://www.britannica.com/place/Sierra-LeoneLiberia - https://www.britannica.com/place/LiberiaEusébio de Queirós - https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/queiros-coutinho-matoso-da-camera-eusebio-de-1812-1868U.S. Reconstruction - https://www.britannica.com/event/Reconstruction-United-States-historyPan-Africanism - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pan-AfricanismJames Africanus Horton - https://blackpast.org/global-african-history/horton-james-africanus-beale-1835-1883/W.E.B. Du Bois - https://www.britannica.com/biography/W-E-B-Du-BoisA Story of Bones - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt19796824/PODCAST INFO:Podcast website: 2c4hpod.comApple Podcasts:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL:- Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast- Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus talk with Dr. Tyson Reeder about how foreign powers shaped America’s early politics under James Madison. As Federalists supported Britain and Democratic-Republicans championed France, the young republic wrestled with questions of loyalty, ideology, and trust.   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 0:41 - Who was James Madison? 4:08 - The Birth of Political Parties in Early America 8:05 - The Spy and the Con Artist: A Tale of Deception 17:23 - Madison's Presidency and the War of 1812 21:22 - Foreign Meddling and Domestic Politics In Colonial US 25:19 - Madison’s Perspective on the Presidency 29:29 - Contexualizing “The People” 33:57 -  The Aftermath of the $50,000 Blunder 36:53 - Madison's Delusions and Political Corruption 42:04 - Partisanship and Its Consequences 43:28 - Madison’s Embargo and Political Fall Out 49:20 - The War of 1812: Unity or Division? 54:36 - What Was it About Madison that People Didn’t Like? 57:01 - The Serpent: The Cycle of Partisan Politics and Foreign Meddling   EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Tyson Reeder - https://socialsciences.byu.edu/directory/tyson-reeder Serpent in Eden: Foreign Meddling and Partisan Politics in James Madison's America  - https://academic.oup.com/book/57414 James Madison – https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Madison Federalist Party – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federalist-Party Democratic-Republican Party – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Democratic-Republican-Party John Henry - https://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/henry_john_8E.html Paul-Émile Soubiran - https://academics.umw.edu/jamesmonroepapers/2017/04/13/french-imposters-diplomatic-double-speak-buried-archival-treasures/ James Monroe – https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Monroe Steele Dossier - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/trial-begins-for-russian-analyst-who-was-source-for-flawed-trump-dossier Articles of Confederation – https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/articles-of-confederation Edmond-Charles Genêt – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edmond-Charles-Genet Chesapeake Affair – https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/art/exhibits/conflicts-and-operations/the-war-of-1812/uss-chesapeake--hms-leopard-affair.html Embargo of 1807 – https://www.britannica.com/event/Napoleonic-Wars/Great-Britain-France-and-the-neutrals-1800-02 Jay Treaty - https://www.britannica.com/event/Jay-Treaty Election of 1796 – https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1796 Era of Good Feelings – https://www.britannica.com/event/Era-of-Good-Feelings PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus sit down with historian Dr. Jonathan S. Jones to uncover the hidden history of opium use during the American Civil War. Hailed as a miracle cure for battlefield pain, opium left countless veterans battling lifelong addiction—an often-overlooked consequence of war that shaped lives long after the fighting ended.   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 1:12 - How did you choose your topic? 3:25 - The journey to discovering opium’s role 4:39 - The difference between opium and morphine 6:40 - Pre-modern medicine ear 8:25 - Opium's prevalence in the U.S. civil war medicine 10:47 - Addiction awareness in the 19th century 13:52 - Changing the perception of addiction 17:55 - Civil War Veterans and opium use 21:02 - Access to opium: The unregulated market 22:46 - Supply and Demand: Opium During the Civil War 27:00 - Medical Advancements and the Hypodermic Syringe 32:44 - International Influence on Civil War Medicine 34:19 - The Emergence of Addiction Post-Civil War 37:57 - How was Morphine Prescribed 39:54 - Responses to Addiction: A Historical Perspective 47:07 - Shifts in Perception and Treatment of Addiction 54:43 - Racial and Gender Disparities in Addiction Treatment 58:18 - The Legacy of Addiction: Lessons from History and Where to Visit 1:00:57 - Where to find Jonathon and his book   EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Jonathan S. Jones - https://jonathansjones.net James Madison University - https://www.jmu.edu/history/people/all-people/jones-jonathan.shtml Opium Slavery: The Civil War, Veterans, and America’s First Opioid Crisis - https://uncpress.org/9781469689531/opium-slavery/ Opium – https://museum.dea.gov/exhibits/online-exhibits/cannabis-coca-and-poppy-natures-addictive-plants/opium-poppy Opiate v. Opioid - https://www.oregon.gov/adpc/pages/opiate-opioid.aspx Germ Theory - https://www.civilwarmed.org/germ-theory-antebellum/ Civil War Field Hospitals - https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/everyday-life-civil-war-hospital Crimean War - https://www.britannica.com/event/Crimean-War Ambrose Bierce - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ambrose-Bierce Harrison Narcotics Tax Act - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234755/#:~:text=The%20measure%20that%20finally%20passed,to%20pay%20a%20small%20tax. National Museum of Civil War Medicine – https://www.civilwarmed.org American Civil War Museum - https://acwm.org BlueSky – https://bsky.app/profile/jonathansjones.bsky.social Email - [email protected] PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast   To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by historian Dr. Julia Gaffield to uncover the overlooked legacy of Jean-Jacques Dessalines, a central—but often forgotten—figure of the Haitian Revolution. While many histories of Haitian independence sideline or erase him, Dr. Gaffield restores Dessalines to his rightful place as a revolutionary leader whose impact reshaped the Atlantic world.   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 1:29 - Who is Jean Jacques Dessalines 6:01 - His experience as an enslaved person 8:59 - Differences in US slave societies vs French colonies 10:42 - Saint-Domingue  12:38 - Defining Creole 14:16 - The complexities of the Haitian Revolutions’s demographics 15:04 - From slave to freeman 15:54 - The 7 Years War and the Haitian Revolution 17:52 - Racism as a cultural norm vs codification 21:00 - What sets off the revolution? 23:35 - How does the French revolution play a role? 27:12 - Jean Baptiste Charbonneau & Vincent Ogé 32:45 - Dessalines and Louverture 37:39 - Betrayal and Legacy 41:09 - A double standard: Dessalines’ barbaric reputation 49:30 - The path to independence: The end of slavery in Haiti 54:44 - The significance of the book title   EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Julia Gaffield - https://juliagaffield.com/ I Have Avenged America: Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Haiti’s Fight for Freedom - https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300255478/i-have-avenged-america/ Haitian Revolution - https://scholar.library.miami.edu/slaves/san_domingo_revolution/revolution.html Toussaint Louverture - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Toussaint-Louverture Jean-Jacques Dessalines - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Jacques-Dessalines French Revolution - https://www.britannica.com/event/French-Revolution MLK - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Martin-Luther-King-Jr Malcolm X - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Malcolm-X Saint-Domingue - https://www.britannica.com/place/Haiti/Early-period#ref515792 Hispaniola - https://www.britannica.com/place/Hispaniola Jean-Baptiste Chavannes - https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography/Chavannes,_Jean_Baptiste Vincent Oge - https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/oge-vincent-1755-1791/ Leclerc Expedition - https://islandluminous.fiu.edu/part02-slide09.html Cover Image - https://spencerart.ku.edu/art/collections-online/object/58502 Ulrick Jean-Pierre - https://ulrickjeanpierre.com/ “I Have Avenged America” Speech - https://haitidoi.com/2013/08/02/i-have-avenged-america/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus sit down with cultural historian Dr. Kelly J. Baker to explore America’s enduring obsession with a zombie apocalypse. What does our fascination with the undead reveal about our fears, values, and survival instincts? And how do imagined apocalyptic scenarios shape—or reflect—our responses to real-world crises?   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia Description: Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus sit down with cultural historian Dr. Kelly J. Baker to explore America’s enduring obsession with a zombie apocalypse. What does our fascination with the undead reveal about our fears, values, and survival instincts? And how do imagined apocalyptic scenarios shape—or reflect—our responses to real-world crises?   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 1:25 - How did you get into zombies? 8:06 - Zombies in American culture 13:32 - Moralism in the horror genre 16:48 - How does a zombie apocalypse compare to historical, real life apocalypses 27:47 - What is a luxury morality, where do we go once that’s gone? 33:05 - Is this an American phenomena and why is it so popular? 37:40 - Racism and misogyny in the genre - who survives? 45:31 - How have the winds changed in the last 5 years? 49:17 - Why should we take zombie preppers seriously? 52:48 - What is Kelly’s favorite zombie flick? 54:10 - What can we learn from zombies? 56:05 - Where to learn more about zombies and Kelly   EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Kelly J. Baker - https://www.kellyjbaker.com/ The Zombies Are Coming: The Realities of the Zombie Apocalypse in American Culture - https://www.kellyjbaker.com/writing/the-zombies-are-coming/  Anabaptists - https://amnetwork.uk/resource/anabaptist-common-practices/ Zombie Doomsday Preppers - https://fithops.com/blogs/learning-center/plan-to-survive-zombie-outbreak#:~:text=Essential%20Zombie%20Survival%20Gear,Kit%20for%20Durability%20and%20Efficiency Preparedness 101: Zombie Pandemic - https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/6023 Kingdom - https://www.netflix.com/title/81095387 Warm Bodies - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1588173/ Halloween Horror Nights - https://www.halloweenhorrornights.com/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast   To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by historian Dr. Zara Anishanslin to uncover the overlooked world of non-elite painters—women, nonwhite men, and others who used their brushes to make bold political statements. While elite artists shaped the iconic images of the Revolution that we know today, these lesser-known figures painted a different picture—one that’s only now coming into view. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 2:05 - Unveiling Forgotten Artists of the Revolution 3:36 - Political Art: The Role of Art in the Revolution 9:50 - Espionage and Art: The Quirky Contributions of Artists 16:18 - Understanding Art: Reading Between the Lines in History 19:16 - Understanding the Iconography in Art today 22:08 - Piecing Together the History of Lost Paintings 26:13 - The Evolution of Radical Artists Post-Revolution 30:37 - Transatlantic Perspectives on the American Revolution 33:40 - The Declaration of Independence: Glorification vs Reality 38:56 - Art and Myth-Making in Revolutionary America 43:44 - Exploring the Lives of Three Key Artists 52:19 - Dr. Anishanslin’s favorite painting, her new book and where to find her EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Zara Anishanslin - https://drzara.org/ The Painter's Fire: A Forgotten History of the Artists Who Championed the American Revolution - https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674290235 Pre-order your copy- https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-painters-fire-zara-anishanslin/1146558188?ean=9780674290235 Thing4Things: The History Podcast Where Things Happen and Stuff Matters- https://www.thing4thingspodcast.com/ BlueSky - @drzara Instagram - @thing4things and @thing4thingspodcast Charles Willson Peale - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Willson-Peale John Trumbull - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Trumbull-American-painter Ai WeiWei - https://www.aiweiwei.com/ Banksy - https://www.banksy.co.uk/ Patience Wright - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Patience-Wright Robert Edge Pine - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Edge-Pine Joseph Wright - https://www.pafa.org/museum/collection/item/wright-family Lord Dunmore - https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/dunmore-john-murray-fourth-earl-of-ca-1730-1809/ Patience Wright’s sculpture of William Pitt - https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/william-pitt-and-family Obama’s presidential portrait - https://npg.si.edu/learn/classroom-resource/barack-obama King Charles’ official portrait - https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-68981200 Michelle Obama’s portrait - https://npg.si.edu/learn/classroom-resource/michelle-obama George Washington’s Lansdowne portrait - https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_NPG.2001.13 Prince Demah - https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/essays/painting-independence-boston-prince-demah Apotheosis of Washington - https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/apotheosis-washington John Trumbull’s Declaration painting - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Declaration_of_Independence_(1819),_by_John_Trumbull.jpg Robert Edge Pine’s Declaration painting - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Congress_voting_independence.jpg John Trumbull painting with William Lee - https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/12822 Henry Laurens - https://www.britannica.com/event/American-Revolution John Wollaston - https://www.nga.gov/artists/1981-john-wollaston Prince Demah’s portrait of Christian Barnes - https://outofthearchives.org/2015/01/10/prince-demah-portrait-painter/ Robert Edge Pine’s portrait of Patience Wright - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Edge_Pine_-_Patience_Lovell_Wright_-_NPG.86.168_-_National_Portrait_Gallery.jpg PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3sv ...

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by John Wyatt Greenlee to dive into the surprising history of one slippery creature—the eel. Once a delicacy, currency, contraband, and even a spiritual symbol, this elusive fish finally gets its moment in the spotlight. You’ll never look at eels the same way again.   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 1:49 - What is a cartographic historian? 4:15 - How did maps lead you to eels? 12:30 - Eels are everywhere! 13:49 - What is an eel? 21:35 - The mystery of eel reproduction 27:46 - Factors of eels becoming critically endangered 30:41 - The effect of eels being yucky 35:02 - Eels as a currency 47:16 - Fast food jellied eels 48:59 - Eels in identity: eels in family crests and cultural heritage 51:43 - From dissertation to publication 54:30 - An eel story 58:02 - Where do we go to see the eels?!?! 1:09:15 - Where you can find John   EPISODE LINKS: John Wyatt Greenlee - https://www.jwgreenlee.net/ Surprised Eel Mapping - https://surprisedeelmaps.com/ Bluesky - https://bsky.app/profile/greenleejw.bsky.social Eels - https://www.britannica.com/animal/eel Sargasso Sea - https://www.britannica.com/place/Sargasso-Sea Jellied Eels - https://youtu.be/sl0uZTzBTP8?si=yteJ2PFM-vLith9y Aristotle and eels - https://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/27172/20200904/why-aristotle-freud-many-others-fascinated-european-eels.htm Hildegard of Bingen - https://www.historytoday.com/archive/natural-histories/sexual-eeling Henry Mayhew - https://theausteritykitchen.com/2009/10/09/from-costermonger-eel-pie-html/ Anglo-Dutch Wars - https://www.britannica.com/event/Anglo-Dutch-Wars Rachel Carson, Under the Sea Wind - https://archive.org/details/underseawind00rach;https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/under-the-sea-wind-rachel-carson/1100214057 Ely, England - https://www.visitely.org.uk/ Ely’s Eel Day - https://www.visitcambridge.org/event/elys-eel-day/    PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast   To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Louee Dessent to discuss his hit YouTube series Survive History. Taking the goal of making history relevant to another level, Dessent puts himself into the harrowing, life-threatening scenarios of history and asks: Could you survive? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 3:49 - Aspirations of Writing About History 4:49 - What is Survive History 6:04 - What Have You Learned? 9:10 - Engaging with Living History 11:28 - Lessons From Historical Reenactment 14:29 - Exploring Different Historical Eras 16:18 - Why Youtube? 18:09 - How is Survive History’s Audience 24:50 - Which Era Was The Toughest and Most Resilient? 27:37 - Louee’s Favorite Episode of Survive History 30:25 - Modern Things In Ancient Eras 33:24 - Making History Relevant Today 35:38 - Navigating Dark Histories: Humor and Reflection 41:23 - Myths in History: Unpacking the Truth 45:01 - Lessons From History: Perspectives on Modern Challenges 46:55 - Historical Sites to Visit EPISODE LINKS: Louee Dessent - https://loueedessent.com/ Survive History - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcPAwKB9syU; https://www.youtube.com/@survivehistory History Hit - https://www.youtube.com/@HistoryHit English Civil Wars - https://www.britannica.com/event/English-Civil-Wars Episode 3 of Survive History - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1O580B086FU Viking Settlers - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXpbTLkU4jA Roman Special Forces - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWhlOAvsdN0 Pliny the Younger - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pliny-the-Younger Tom Plunket - https://www.dukeofwellington.org/post/the-plunkett-shot WWI Cavalry - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evhtpgO7rbM Bath, UK - https://visitbath.co.uk/inspire-me/about-bath/history-and-heritage Battle of Edington - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Battle-of-Edington Battle of Lansdown Hill - https://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=21 Battle of Hastings - https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Hastings Richard III Discovery - https://le.ac.uk/richard-iii Battle of Bosworth Field - https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Bosworth-Field   PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Elizabeth Reese to discuss the 1824-1825 visit of the Marquis de Lafayette to the United States. The last surviving general of the Revolutionary War, Lafayette brought together a divided nation as a universally beloved hero of America. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 2:13 - Who was Lafayette? 5:45 - Lafayette’s Early Life and Motivation 11:02 - Lafayette’s Relationship with George Washington 14:43 - Lafayette’s Influence and Legacy 19:30 - Lafayette’s Return to America in 1824 23:36 - Political Context of Lafayette’s Return 30:31 - Lafayette’s Relationship with James Monroe 32:29 - The Emotional Bonds of Imprisonment 33:20 - Navigating the French Revolution 35:48 - Lafayette’s Celebrity Status in America 40:15 - Connections with Historical Figures 42:01 - Lafayette’s Visits and Emotional Closure 44:41 - Recognition of Enslaved Individuals 53:20 - Portrayals of Lafayette in the Media 57:30 - Personal Connections to Lafayette's Legacy EPISODE LINKS: Elizabeth Reese - https://www.elizabethmreese.comMarquis de Lafayette Returns: A Tour of America’s National Capital Region - https://bookshop.org/p/books/marquis-de-lafayette-returns-a-tour-of-america-s-national-capital-region-elizabeth-reese/20547715?ean=9781467155878&next=t Woodlawn Pope-Leighey House - https://www.woodlawnpopeleighey.org Marquis de Lafayette - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marquis-de-Lafayette Battle of Minden - https://www.royalhampshireregiment.org/about-the-museum/timeline/battle-of-minden/ Charles Cornwallis - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Cornwallis-1st-Marquess-and-2nd-Earl-Cornwallis Adrienne de Noailles - https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/lafayette-marie-adrienne-de-1760-1807 Lafayette’s 1824-1825 U.S. Tour - https://www.amrevmuseum.org/the-marquis-de-lafayette-s-1824-1825-united-states-tour French Revolution - https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/french-revolution/ Auguste Levasseur - https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/51473 Lafayette’s grave - https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/a-tale-of-two-revolutions-in-paris Cassandra Good - https://youtu.be/ScJsZm-MAcA?feature=shared The Washington Family - https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/family Slavery at Mount Vernon - https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/slavery James Armistead Lafayette - https://virginiahistory.org/learn/james-fayette-revolutionary-spy Israel Gillette Jefferson - https://gettingword.monticello.org/people/israel-gillette-jefferson/ Franklin miniseries Lafayette - https://screenrant.com/what-happened-to-gilbert-marquis-de-lafayette-franklin/ 2025 Lafayette Anniversary events - https://lafayette200.org   PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Surekha Davies to explore the history of humanity through the study of monsters. Created by humans to explain their world and each other for centuries, monsters not only tell a story of human history, but they offer a glimpse into our future as well.   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 10:29 - Boundaries of Humanity and Otherness 22:47 - The Role of Women in Monstrosity 26:15 - The Impact of Imagination on Reproduction 32:08 - Empathy and the Nature of Humanity 36:44 - The Evolution of Terrorism and Identity 40:28 - Storytelling and Empathy in Human Behavior 43:16 - Gender, Identity, and the Human Experience 45:48 - The Line Between Humans and Animals 50:53 - The Significance of the Book Cover Design 56:52 - Mostrophuturism: A New Perspective on Identity EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Surekha Davies – https://www.surekhadavies.org/ Humans: A Monstrous History – https://www.ucpress.edu/books/humans/hardcover Renaissance Ethnography and the Invention of the Human - https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/renaissance-ethnography-and-the-invention-of-the-human/231E1484C8DCCD3568D27C1FA87FBF38 “Preparing for Discovery: A Rational Approach to the Impact of Finding Microbial, Complex or Intelligent Life Beyond Earth” (2:48:44) - https://www.loc.gov/item/2021689520/ Jamaica Slave Code - https://slaverylawpower.org/nhprc-sample-documents/jamaica-slave-code-governing/ The First Blast of the Trumpet against the monstrous regiment of Women by John Knox - https://www.gutenberg.org/files/9660/9660-h/9660-h.htm René Descartes - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/descartes/ Burning of the U.S. Capitol - https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/on-this-day-the-british-set-fire-to-washington-d-c#:~:text=The%20British%20troops%20set%20fire,out%20at%20the%20White%20House.) Man, The Gorilla, and The Bear, 1860 - https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/man-the-gorilla-and-the-bear Split-brain behavioral experiments - https://youtu.be/ZMLzP1VCANo?si=o472DeIZ2yBBA-yz   PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Innovation Historian Jason Voiovich to explore how many of today’s iconic products, entertainment, and cultural heroes trace their origins to the Great Depression. This era once again demonstrates that hardship often paves the road to innovation.   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 1:12 - The Role of a Fractional Chief Officer 3:54 - Understanding Innovations Throughout History 6:07 - The Difference Between History and Memory 6:42 - What is Jason’s Book About, How Jason Tells Stories Differently, and How The Great Depression Was A Time of Innovation 12:14 - When Was The Great Depression and Why Was it “Great”? 18:58 - The Psychological Impacts of the Great Depression 20:32 - The Psychological Impacts of the Great Depression 20:32 - The Refrigerator: A Symbol of Change 27:28 - Lessons from The Great Depression 32:09 - The Impact of Change on Innovation and Embracing Innovation in Difficult times 36:53 - Photography as a Means of Immortality and The Impact of Color in Visual Storytelling 45:10 - Documenting History: The Role of Photography in The Great Depression 48:47 - The Surprising Origins of Monopoly 01:01:23 - Exploring Diverse Topics In Innovation History   EPISODE LINKS: Jason Voiovich - https://jasontvoiovich.com/ Substack - https://innovationhistory.substack.com/p/rededicating-innovation-history?utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=web Bullfrogs, Bingo, and the Little House on the Prairie: How Innovators of the Great Depression Made the Best of the Worst of Times - TBD Great Depression - https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Depression Scarface and the Untouchable - https://www.harpercollins.com/products/scarface-and-the-untouchable-max-allan-collinsa-brad-schwartz?variant=32207533146146 Florida Land Boom - https://tampabayhistorycenter.org/exhibit/sharps-marks-in-paradise-selling-florida-in-the-1920s/ Dust Bowl - https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/united-states-history-primary-source-timeline/great-depression-and-world-war-ii-1929-1945/dust-bowl/ The Grapes of Wrath - https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Grapes-of-Wrath Rahm Emanuel - https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/e000287 Snow White - https://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/snow-white-radio Monopoly - https://www.britannica.com/sports/Monopoly-board-game Lizzie Magie - https://blogs.bl.uk/business/2023/03/lizzie-magie-and-the-history-of-monopoly-1.html Charles Darrow - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-B-Darrow Father Coughlin - https://exhibitions.ushmm.org/americans-and-the-holocaust/personal-story/charles-coughlin   PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Megan Kate Nelson to explore the history of Yellowstone, America’s first national park, and its pivotal role in shaping the nation’s identity in the aftermath of a brutal civil war. As the country’s vision expanded westward, however, not everyone was included in the new national narrative.   Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia   CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 2:13 - What First Interested In Yellowstone? 8:27 - Understanding Reconstruction and It’s Impacts 14:55 - Federal Power and The Creations of National Parks 23:31 - Settler Colonialism and Transformation of the West 29:25 - Visual Culture and The Creation of the West 32:32 - The Role of Photography in Documenting Yellowstone 40:58 - The Yellowstone Act: Establishing AMerican’s First National Park 44:12 - The Unique Geology and Identity of America 48:16 - The Foundations of American Exceptionalism 50:54 - The Exclusion of Indigenous and Minority Voices 52:57 - Renaming and Recognizing Indigenous Histories 57:41 - The Importance of Context in Historical narratives 59:05 - Narrative History: Bridging the Past and Present   EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Megan Kate Nelson – http://www.megankatenelson.com Saving Yellowstone – https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Saving-Yellowstone/Megan-Kate-Nelson/9781982141356 The Great Courses – Stories of America’s National Parks – https://www.thegreatcourses.com/professors/megan-kate-nelson The Three-Cornered War – https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/The-Three-Cornered-War/Megan-Kate-Nelson/9781501152559 Ferdinand Hayden – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-Vandiveer-Hayden Yellowstone National Park – https://www.nps.gov/yell/index.htm Grand Teton National Park – https://www.nps.gov/grte/index.htm Glacier National Park – https://www.nps.gov/glac/index.htm Reconstruction – https://www.britannica.com/event/Reconstruction-United-States-history Yellowstone Act (1872) – https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/act-establishing-yellowstone-national-park Sitting Bull – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sitting-Bull Battle of the Rosebud – https://fwp.mt.gov/stateparks/rosebud-battlefield/ Battle of Little Bighorn – https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-the-Little-Bighorn Homestead Act (1862) – https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/homestead-act#:~:text=The%20Homestead%20Act%2C%20enacted%20during,plot%20by%20cultivating%20the%20land. Pacific Railway Act (1862) – https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/pacific-railway-act Continental Reckoning: The American West in the Age of Expansion by Elliott West – https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska/9781496233585/continental-reckoning/ Thomas Moran – https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.1730.html William Henry Jackson – https://www.nps.gov/people/william-henry-jackson.htm Jackson’s Photos – https://www.nps.gov/features/yell/slidefile/history/jacksonphotos/page.htm Jupiter Terrace – https://spencerart.ku.edu/art/collections-online/object/45207 Crimes against Nature: Squatters, Poachers, Thieves, and the Hidden History of American Conservation by Karl Jacoby – https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=kt629020bd&brand=ucpress “The Scientist Turned Spy” with Dr. Patrick Spero – https://youtu.be/1YOyU11e8K8?si=wv58qKQboF2246Ry Mammoth Cave of Kentucky – https://www.nps.gov/maca/index.htm Mesa Verde National Park – https://www.nps.gov/meve/planyourvisit/index.htm     PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab   Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH   SOCIAL: - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast   To learn more about listener data ...

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Mills Kelly to explore the origins of the Appalachian Trail, the lives it touched, and a long-forgotten section in Virginia. While the trail invited people into the wilderness, it also fostered connections among them. As one poet aptly put it, "In the mountains, the mind becomes the heart." Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia CHAPTERS: 0:00 - Introductions 3:21 - The Appalachian Trail: A Historical Overview 6:39 - Benton MacKaye's Vision for the Trail 10:08 - The Challenges of Trail Development 15:01 - The Route Through Southwestern Virginia 22:19 - The Controversial Trail Leader 25:24 - Land Ownership and Trail Access 28:54 - Cultural Exchange and Hiker Hospitality 32:06 - Economic Impact of the Appalachian Trail 36:27 - Visualizing the Appalachian Trail 41:04 - The Evolution of the Trail 43:27 - Personal Connections and Community 47:38 - The Friends You Make Along the Way 54:40 - Bridging Political Divides through Shared Experiences EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Mills Kelly: https://millskelly.net Virginia’s Lost Appalachian Trail: https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/products/9781467153393/?queryID=574fdb827000a9ce82f22687c79d8374&objectID=9781467153393&insightsIndex=arcadia-publishing_products Virginia’s Lost AT: https://virginiaslostat.org/ The Green Tunnel: https://www.r2studios.org/show/the-green-tunnel/ Franklin County, Virginia: https://franklincountyvahistoricalsociety.org The Long Trail, Vermont: https://www.greenmountainclub.org/the-long-trail/ Benton MacKaye: https://appalachiantrailhistory.org/exhibits/show/builders/bmackaye Shirley Center, MA: https://shirleyhistory.org/about/shirley-center/ Betty MacKaye: https://documents.alexanderstreet.com/d/1008297941 Myron Avery: https://appalachiantrailhistory.org/exhibits/show/builders/mavery Smokey Mountain Diner: https://visitmadisoncounty.com/smoky-mountain-diner/ Fries, Virginia: https://musicofourmountains.com/fries-and-the-washington-mill/ Floyd, Virginia: https://www.floydcova.gov/history Shenandoah National Park: https://www.snptrust.org/about-us/mission-history/shenandoah-history/ Pacific Crest Trail: https://www.pcta.org/about-us/history/ Washington and Jefferson National Forests: https://www.virginia.org/things-to-do/outdoors/national-forests-and-recreation-areas/george-washington-and-jefferson-national-forests/ Iron Mountain Trail: https://www.hikingproject.com/trail/7033608/iron-mountain-trail Lake View Restaurant: https://lakeview.top Franklin County, Virginia: https://www.franklincountyva.gov/575/History-of-Franklin-County New River: https://dwr.virginia.gov/waterbody/new-river/ To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by John G. Turner and Lincoln A. Mullen, creators of the new podcast “Antisemitism U.S.A.,” to explore the history of antisemitism in the United States. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 1:38 - How Did the Podcast Come to Be? 6:08 - Why Do You Think The History of Antisemitism Has Been Overlooked?  11:52 - What Was It Like for Aaron Lopez? 17:22 - What is Antisemitism? 22:46 - What Is The Discrimination Based on? 28:37 - How Did Antisemitism Shift in the 20th Century? 30:52 - Did Jewish Immigration Play a Role In the Evolution of Antisemism? 35:44 - How Did Public Morality Influence Religious Toleration? 53:51 - What Led To The Changes That Brought Rights to the Jewish People? 58:57 - What Impact Do You Want Your Podcast to Have? 1:07:05 - Outro EPISODE LINKS: Antisemitism U.S.A. podcast – https://www.r2studios.org/show/Antisemitism-USA/ Dr. John Turner – https://religiousstudies.gmu.edu/people/jturne17 Dr. Lincoln Mullen – https://lincolnmullen.com George Mason University – https://www.gmu.edu R2 Studios – https://www.r2studios.org 1619 Project – https://pulitzercenter.org/sites/default/files/full_issue_of_the_1619_project.pdf Virginia Declaration of Rights – https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/virginia-declaration-of-rights Aaron Lopez – https://www.jewishpress.com/sections/features/features-on-jewish-world/jacob-rivera-aaron-lopez-and-isaac-hart-three-leading-jewish-merchants-in-colonial-america/2023/02/15/ David Sorkin, “Jewish Emancipation: A History across Five Centuries” – https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691164946/jewish-emancipation?srsltid=AfmBOopqCx_mdBC0C72N-z7KCR5hDnsWNDxoe3fMKkbLOqtlaCKoJFRt Zionism – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Zionism International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance - https://holocaustremembrance.com Mark Oppenheimer, “Squirrel Hill: The Tree of Life Synagogue Shooting and the Soul of a Neighborhood” – https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/611023/squirrel-hill-by-mark-oppenheimer/ Henry Ford – https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/henryford-antisemitism/ Race Science – https://library.harvard.edu/confronting-anti-black-racism/scientific-racism Prohibition – https://www.britannica.com/event/Prohibition-United-States-history-1920-1933 Dwight D. Eisenhower, “In other words, our form of government has no sense unless it is founded in a deeply felt religious faith, and I don't care what it is." – https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/eisenhowers/quotes Bolshevism – https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095516209 Jacob Henry – https://www.dncr.nc.gov/blog/2023/12/08/jacob-henry-ca-1775-1847-c-83 Britt Tevis – https://www.britttevis.com PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Barbara Vorndick to explore the life of Eliza Monroe and the story that has been told about her for two-hundred years—and why it is false. Now the push is on to bring James Monroe’s daughter home. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 1:39 - Why Barbara Started The Biography 7:12 - Who Was President James Monroe? 13:25 - Eliza Monroe's Education and Early Life 19:20 - Eliza the Nurse 23:00 - Eliza the First Lady Daughter 26:20 - Eliza the Firecracker 30:30 - The Primary Sources That Fueled The Research 33:14 - The Sea Voyage to France 42:48 - Whodunnit 51:12 - Did Eliza Get a Proper Funeral? 55:08 - Breaking News - Where Are We Now? 58:35 - How Can We Help Bring Eliza Home? EPISODE LINKS: Eliza’s True. Story: The First Biography of President Monroe’s Eldest Daughter - https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/elizas-true-story-barbara-vorndick/1145846740 Bringing Eliza Home - https://hffi.org/bringing-eliza-home/ The Bringing Eliza Home Project (Facebook) – https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61558069665312 Donate - https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=DNXN2KMNKVGHG Eliza Monroe - https://www.whitehousehistory.org/bios/elizabeth-monroe James Monroe - https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Monroe James Monroe’s Highland - https://highland.org Louisiana Purchase – https://www.britannica.com/event/Louisiana-Purchase Monroe Doctrine – https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/monroe-doctrine Jeanne-Louise-Henriette Genest Campan - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jeanne-Louise-Henriette-Genest-Campan Caroline Bonaparte – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Caroline-Bonaparte Hortense de Beauharnais – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hortense Elizabeth Kortright Monroe - https://www.whitehousehistory.org/bios/elizabeth-monroe George Hay - https://www.fjc.gov/node/1381966 Margaret Bayard Smith – https://www.loc.gov/collections/margaret-bayard-smith-papers/about-this-collection/ Frances Depau (ship) - https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c80k2cvw/entire_text/ Maria Hester Monroe - https://jmonroe3d.umwhistory.org/exhibit/maria-hester-monroe-gouverneur/ Samuel Laurence Gouverneur - https://archives.nypl.org/mss/1187 Daniel Brent – https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/brent-daniel-carroll James Monroe Museum and Memorial Library - https://jamesmonroemuseum.umw.edu James Monroe Memorial Foundation - https://monroefoundation.org Found and Sons Funeral Chapel - https://www.foundandsons.com/locations/found-and-sons-funeral-chapel-of-fredericksburg PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Philip Thompson to discuss the history of espionage and the psychological motivations behind becoming an international spy. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Coming Up 1:09 - Introductions 3:48 - The M.I.C.E. Framework: Understanding Spy Motivations 7:21 - The Background of Spies: Who Becomes a Spy? 10:05 - Psychological Factors in Espionage 13:15 - Ideology vs. Money: The Dual Motivations of Spies 24:56 -Case Studies: The Rosenbergs and Their Impact 28:42 - Case Studies: George Blake and the Consequence of Compromise 32:23 - The Complexity of Coercion in Espionage 42:46 - The Role of Women in Espionage History 47:49 - Ego as a Motivating Factor in Spying 52:00 - Case Studies: Edward Snowden, Noble Convictions or Ego? 57:36 - Evolution of Espionage Frameworks 1:01:20 -The Intersection of Fiction and Reality in Spy Culture 1:04:38 - Understanding M.I.C.E. in Personal Life 01:06:21 - Historical Sites to Visit EPISODE LINKS: Philip Thompson YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@PhilipThompson Project Slammer - https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP87-00812R000200070011-7.pdf Aldrich Ames - https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/aldrich-ames John Walker - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Walker-American-spy The Cambridge Spies - https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/spies_cambridge.shtml Anthony Blunt - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anthony-Blunt J. Edgar Hoover - https://www.britannica.com/biography/J-Edgar-Hoover Oleg Antonovich Gordievsky - https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/11/russian-spies-britain-oleg-gordievsky Julius and Ethel Rosenberg - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Rosenberg-and-Ethel-Rosenberg David Greenglass - https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/profile/david-greenglass/ George Blake - https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-Blake-British-diplomat-and-Soviet-spy 2C4H Lavender Scare - https://youtu.be/PjXYDJW5LF8?si=MUqlIZOke0-17yiq Alan Turing - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Turing Mata Hari - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mata-Hari-Dutch-dancer-and-spy Special Operations Executive (SOE) Women Spies - https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/The-Female-Spies-Of-SOE/ Virginia Hall - https://beta.nationalarchives.gov.uk/explore-the-collection/stories/virginia-hall/ Robert Hanssen - https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/robert-hanssen Edward Snowden - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-Snowden RASCLS - https://www.cia.gov/resources/csi/studies-in-intelligence/volume-57-no-1/an-alternative-framework-for-agent-recruitment-from-mice-to-rascls/ Jonathan Pollard - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jonathan-Pollard International Spy Museum - https://www.spymuseum.org/ Burlington Bunker - https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/burlington-bunker PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Jane E. Calvert to discuss the lesser known and under appreciated founder John Dickinson. Find out why Dickinson should be placed alongside the names Washington, Adams, and Jefferson in U.S. history books. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Sneak Peak/Introductions 2:22 - Why John Dickinson? 5:48 - Who Was John Dickinson 9:24 - How Prolific Was He? 22:46 - The Role of Ordinary People in the Revolution 29:15 - Dickinson’s Pen Name and Its Implications 41:24 - Drafting The Articles of Confederation 43:52 - A Man Who Had His Hand In Everything 45:19 - The One Person Who Brought The United States Into Being 53:29 - Dickinson’s Later Years and Legacy 58:39 - Where to Find Jane? 1:01:46 - Dickinson Sites To Visit EPISODE LINKS: Jane E. Calvert, PhD – https://www.drjaneecalvert.org Penman of the Founding – A Biography of John Dickinson - https://global.oup.com/academic/product/penman-of-the-founding-9780197541692?cc=us&lang=en&  The John Dickinson Writings Project - https://www.jdproject.org Quakers - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Society-of-Friends Stamp Act – https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/spotlight-primary-source/stamp-act-1765 Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania - https://history.delaware.gov/john-dickinson-plantation/dickinsonletters/pennsylvania-farmer-letters/ Religion and the American Revolution - https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/religion/rel03.html#:~:text=Religion%20played%20a%20major%20role,in%20the%20sight%20of%20God. John Dickinson, Conservative Revolutionary - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-american-studies/article/abs/milton-e-flower-john-dickinson-conservative-revolutionary-charlottesville-virginia-the-univ-press-of-virginia-for-the-friends-of-the-john-dickinson-mansion-1983-2750-pp-xii-338/597B92DD95F124DAB8EBB9DBD25EF68B The Cost of Liberty: The Life of John Dickinson - https://www.regnery.com/9781684515479/cost-of-liberty/ Edmund Burke - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edmund-Burke-British-philosopher-and-statesman John Adams - https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/John-Adams/David-McCullough/9780743223133 The Whig Party - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Whig-Party Benjamin Lay - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/quaker-comet-greatest-abolitionist-never-heard-180964401/ John Woolman - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Woolman Mary Norris Dickinson - https://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2011/05/mary-norris-dickinson.html John Dickinson Plantation - https://www.nps.gov/frst/planyourvisit/john-dickinson-plantation.htm  Stenton - https://www.stenton.org PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We have had a particularly cursed month over at 2C4H. In order to do right by our guests and audience we are sharing a historical ghost story as we work to finish some of the episodes that have had some really unfortunate technical difficulties. Thanks for all the support and understanding! Links: John A. Lomax Bio - https://www.loc.gov/item/ihas.200196225 Archive of American Folk-Song - https://www.loc.gov/collections/john-a-lomax-and-alan-lomax-papers/about-this-collection/ Lomax’s works and legacy - https://acousticmusic.org/research/history/musical-styles-and-venues-in-america/john-and-alan-lomax/ To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Kathleen DuVal to discuss the history of Native Americans over a millennium. Dr. DuVal reveals history from natives’ perspectives, turning the well-known eurocentric view of world history on its head. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 1:25 - What Made You Decide to Take On Such a Large Timeline? 4:14 - Where Do You Start? 8:46 - Navigating The Correct Terminology 11:56 - What Was America Like in 1006? 15:03 - Major Differences? Animal husbandry?  16:18 - The Fallacy of European Advancement 18:01 - How Much Of This Work Overlapped with Archeology? 22:12 - Did Anything from the Pre-contact Period Change Your Perception of the Time? 25:21 - Anything From The Recent Centuries that Surprised You? 29:06 - How Did This Penetrate West Into The Continent 32:44 - The Historiography of Native History  35:55 - The Native Perspective On Their History 38:11 - The Importance of Telling These Stories 39:17 - Who Belongs: Race vs Citizenship 41:38 - Lynn’s Favorite Quote From the Book 44:45 - How Do You Deal With History That Isn’t What You Wished It to Be? 49:35 - Was Your Goal to Get People to Empathize? 53:39 - Historical (Web)Sites You Should Visit 56:07 - TV Shows & Films That Are Good Representations 57:23 - Where You Can Find Kathleen DuVal EPISODE LINKS: Kathleen DuVal – https://history.unc.edu/faculty-members/kathleen-duval/; https://kathleenduval.web.unc.edu Native Nations: A Millennium in North America - https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/575441/native-nations-by-kathleen-duval/# 1006 Supernova - https://www.nasa.gov/universe/supernova-remnant-sn-1006/ Medieval Warm Period - https://www.britannica.com/science/medieval-warm-period Moundville Archeology – https://moundville.museums.ua.edu Cherokee History – https://www.cherokee.org Mohawk History – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mohawk Colonialism – https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/colonialism/ Blood Quantum - https://nativegov.org/resources/blood-quantum-and-sovereignty-a-guide/ Settler Colonialism – https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/settler_colonialism#:~:text=The%20concept%20of%20settler%20colonialism,with%20a%20new%20settler%20population. Ruth Muskrat - https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/roadshow/articles/read-a-speech-by-a-native-american-activist-from-the-early-1920s/ Jenny Tone-Pah-Hote – https://uncpress.org/book/9781469643663/crafting-an-indigenous-nation/ Reservation Dogs - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13623580/ Rutherford Falls - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11058054/ Resident Alien - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8690918/ Kathleen DuVal on X (formerly Twitter) - @KathleenADuVal PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Patrick Spero to discuss an obscure French scientist who became a spy in the newly formed United States. Who was Andres Michaux? And how did Thomas Jefferson participate in the conspiracy that history forgot? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 4:08 - The Document That Inspired The Book 7:45 - Who was André Michaux 13:16 - André Michaux In America 16:28- André Michaux’s Most Daring Expedition 18:41- André Michaux’s Transforming Places Around The World 19:45 - André Michaux’s Setting His Sights West 21:23 - What Was The Pitching Process Like? 26:17 - A Bad Start 28:15 - The Policy Towards France and His Impact 31:54 - Did Anyone Else Know What He was Doing? 34:21 - Did Jefferson Know and What Happens Next? 37:56 - Are They Successful? 43:26 - How Does This Saga End?  47:17 - The Modern Day Conspiracy 48:46 - Did This Book Change Your Perspective on the Era? 51:09 - Where You Can Find Patrick  EPISODE LINKS: Dr. Patrick Spero – http://www.patrickspero.com Scientist Turned Spy: André Michaux, Thomas Jefferson, and the Conspiracy of 1793 - https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/10032/ American Philosophical Society - https://www.amphilsoc.org/user/35 Andres Michaux Subscription List - https://www.amphilsoc.org/item-detail/michaux-expedition-subscription-list-0 Lewis and Clark Expedition - https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/lewis-clark Michaux Botanical Garden, South Carolina - http://www.tipton-haynes.org/research/history/andre-michaux/ Michaux Botanical Garden, New Jersey - https://graphicarts.princeton.edu/2021/02/03/north-american-sylva-and-the-lost-garden-of-new-jersey/ North American journeys - https://www.michaux.org/journey.htm Michaux in Canada - https://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/michaux_andre_5E.html John Bartram - https://www.britannica.com/topic/American-Philosophical-Society William Bartram - https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/william-bartram/ Benjamin Smith Barton - https://archives.upenn.edu/exhibits/penn-people/biography/benjamin-smith-barton/ David Rittenhouse - https://www.britannica.com/biography/David-Rittenhouse Caspar Wistar - https://archives.upenn.edu/exhibits/penn-people/biography/caspar-wistar/ Benjamin Rush - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Rush Edmond Genet - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edmond-Charles-Genet Citizen Genet Affair - https://www.britannica.com/event/Citizen-Genet-Affair French Revolution - https://www.britannica.com/event/French-Revolution Monticello - https://www.monticello.org PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Lindsay Chervinsky to examine John Adams’ presidency and the peaceful transfer of power in the nascent United States. How has Adams’ legacy echoed through successive presidential administrations? And how did Adams secure the survival of the republic? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 1:51 - Why Adams? 4:48 - What Do We Need to Know About Adams? 14:43 - How Did People React to Adams Winning the Election? 17:25 - Was Jefferson’s Election as Important? 20:31 - What Did Adams Do During His Presidency? 27:22 - Was Adams a Moderate? 30:42 - What We Remember About Adams’ Presidency 38:29 - Adams vs the Press 43:36 - How Did people Feel About Adams After His First Term?  46:26 - The Complexity of the Contested Election of 1800 52:21 - How Did the Second Election Go?  55:54 - Reflecting on January 6th and Peaceful Transfers of Power 1:02:52 - Where Can You Find Lindsay EPISODE LINKS: Lindsay M. Chervinsky - https://www.lindsaychervinsky.com Making the Presidency - https://global.oup.com/academic/product/making-the-presidency-9780197653845?cc=us&lang=en& Dr. Chervinsky’s newsletter - https://perfectunion.substack.com The George Washington Presidential Library - https://www.mountvernon.org/library George Washington’s Mount Vernon - https://www.mountvernon.org Abigail Adams - https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/abigail-adams Thomas Hobbs - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-Hobbes Franklin miniseries - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt18351584/ John Jay - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Jay “I am fairly out and you fairly in!” - https://www.masshist.org/digitaladams/archive/doc?id=L17970305ja Democratic-Republican Party - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Democratic-Republican-Party Federalist Party - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federalist-Party Thomas Jefferson - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-Jefferson Election of 1800 - https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/creating-the-united-states/election-of-1800.html Alien and Sedition Acts - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/alien-and-sedition-acts#:~:text=Passed%20in%20preparation%20for%20an,brink%20of%20war%20with%20France. George H.W. Bush - https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-H-W-Bush Noah Webster - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Noah-Webster-American-lexicographer James A. Bayard -https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=B000249 Samuel Smith - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Samuel-Smith PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Charles Fournier to discuss Ernest Hemingway, his constructed identity, and vernacular landscapes. Hemingway looked up to Theodore Roosevelt and a romanticized, masculine version of the West, but he put on an entirely different persona in Europe. Who was the genuine Hemingway? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 1:41 - Why Ernest Hemingway? 7:25 - Learning More About Hemingway. 10:40 - Defining Vernacular Landscapes and Hemingway in the West 18:59 - What I Expected is Not What I Got When I Met Hemingway  10:49 - How Michael Became Interest in Oglethorpe 22:37 - The Tension Between Hemingway's Desire for Fame and Authenticity 32:21 - Persona vs Authenticity 37:44 - The Persistent Effect of His Persona and Is There Anyone Like Him Today? 43:01 - Writing Styles & The Mythos of the West 53:26 - Historical Sites in Wyoming 55:20 - Where You Can Find Charles EPISODE LINKS: Podcast: Those Who Can’t Teach Anymore - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/those-who-cant-teach-anymore/id1646723683 Podcast: The Modern West - https://www.themodernwest.org Look Out For: New Podcast with Diego Javier Luis! Ernest Hemingway - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Hemingway Hills Like White Elephants - https://jerrywbrown.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Hills-Like-White-Elephants-Hemingway-Ernest.pdf Big Two-Hearted River - https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/inourtime/section14/ A Moveable Feast – https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/a-moveable-feast-ernest-hemingway/1100213865 Langston Hughes – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Langston-Hughes Hemingway and the Black Renaissance – https://ohiostatepress.org/books/titles/9780814211779.html Gertrude Stein - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gertrude-Stein Ezra Pound - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ezra-Pound James Joyce - https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Joyce F. Scott Fitzgerald - https://www.britannica.com/biography/F-Scott-Fitzgerald Vernacular Landscapes - https://www.tclf.org/vernacular-landscapes Owen Wister - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Owen-Wister Edward Abbey - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-Abbey Zane Grey - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zane-Grey Old Man and the Sea - https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Old-Man-and-the-Sea-novel-by-Hemingway Hemingway’s plane crashes - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/hemingway-and-his-wife-survived-two-plane-crashes-just-one-day-apart-180982884/ Hemingway and World War I - https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2006/spring/hemingway.html Hunter S. Thompson - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hunter-S-Thompson Hemingway with fish - https://www.anglersjournal.com/saltwater/fighting-big-fish-with-ernest-hemingway The Sun Also Rises - https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Sun-Also-Rises Karen Russell - https://karenrussellauthor.com Finnegans Wake - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Finnegans-Wake Paul Cezanne - https://www.paulcezanne.org Cheyenne Frontier Days - https://cfdrodeo.com Empire, Wyoming - https://www.nps.gov/places/empire-wyoming.htm PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Michael L. Thurmond to discuss James Oglethorpe, the founder of the only British American colony that prohibited chattel slavery prior to the Revolutionary War. Oglethorpe should be considered a founding father; so why is he largely forgotten today? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 1:42 - Who is James Oglethorpe 2:33 - How is James Oglethorp Taught in Georgia Schools? 6:19 - The Known Immorality Around Chattel Slavery 9:18 - Anti-Slavery vs Abolitionist Views 10:49 - How Michael Became Interest in Oglethorpe 14:08 - Digging Deeper 16:08 - What Sources Did Michael Use? 19:03 - What Did The Letter Say!?!? 21:40 - Oglethorpe’s Anti-Slavery Motivations 24:06 - Religiosity and Slavery 30:00 - Dr. Thomas Bray and the Bray Schools 32:55 - John Wesley and the Methodist Church 34:00 - How Did the Legal Status of Slavery Change in Georgia? 38:33 - Oglethorpe’s Legacy, The Lost Cause and the Reaction to the Book 47:05 - They Knew 50:52 - Acknowledging Our Mistakes and Being Better 59:14 - Where You can Find Michael EPISODE LINKS: Micheal L. Thurmond - https://michaelthurmond.net James Oglethorpe, Father of Georgia: A Founder’s Journey from Slave Trader to Abolitionist - https://ugapress.org/book/9780820366043/james-oglethorpe-father-of-georgia/ James E. Oglethorpe - https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Edward-Oglethorpe Abolitionism – https://www.britannica.com/topic/abolitionism-European-and-American-social-movement Georgia history – https://www.britannica.com/place/Georgia-state Cranham Hall – https://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/digital/collection/ajc/id/720/ All Saints – https://allsaintschurchcranham.co.uk/history/ Royal African Company – https://transcription.si.edu/project/29682 Ayuba Suleiman Diallo (Job Ben Soloman) – https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/bluett/summary.html  Anti-slavery and religion – https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african-american-odyssey/abolition.html Bray Schools – https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/associates-of-dr-bray/ John Wesley – https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Wesley Battle of Bloody Marsh – https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/battle-of-bloody-marsh/ Granville Sharp – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Granville-Sharp Olaudah Equiano – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Olaudah-Equiano Hannah More – https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/hannah-more-a-woman-of-letters/ The Lost Cause – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Lost-Cause PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Tore Olsson to explore the wildly popular video game Red Dead Redemption 2. How does it reflect the history of the West, a world of the first megacorporations, the labor movement, and infamous characters like Jesse James? And what can we learn from it today? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 3:10 - How Historically Accurate is Red Dead Redemption? 8:45 - Biggest Inaccuracies 14:44 - Disputes Over Capitalism 17:06 - Defining the American West 18:43 - How Did This Become a College Course? 30:44 - Was the Course Effective? 32:51 - History Has a Lot of Lore and Crafting a Book 34:40 - 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition 41:37 - The Anxiety of a Changing System and Losing Masculinity 45:56 - TR’s Obsession with American Masculinity 47:40 - The Role of the Transcontinental Railroad 51:15 - Who Were the Pinkertons? 55:41 - The Southern Stories  01:00:35 - The Fictionalization of the Time Period 01:03:01 - Audiobook Version! 01:04:46 - Historic Sites to Visit and Where you can find Tore EPISODE LINKS: Tore Olsson – https://history.utk.edu/person/olsson-tore/ Red Dead's History: A Video Game, an Obsession, and America's Violent Past – https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250287700/reddeadshistory Audiobook - https://www.audible.com/pd/Red-Deads-History-Audiobook/B0CKM6FB83 Red Dead Redemption 2 – https://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/red-dead-redemption-2 Pinkerton Detective Agency – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pinkerton-National-Detective-Agency Labor Movement – https://www.loc.gov/collections/american-federation-of-labor-records/articles-and-essays/timeline/ Jesse James – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jesse-James-and-Frank-James Wild Bill Hickok – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wild-Bill-Hickok John D. Rockefeller – https://www.britannica.com/money/John-D-Rockefeller Dr. Olsson’s class - https://history.utk.edu/tore-olsson-in-the-conversation-why-i-turned-the-red-dead-redemption-ii-video-game-into-a-history-class-on-americas-violent-past/ Oregon Trail – https://oregontrail.ws Chicago World’s Fair – https://www.britannica.com/event/Worlds-Columbian-Exposition Frederick Jackson Turner – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-Jackson-Turner Theodore Roosevelt – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodore-Roosevelt History of “Dude” – https://blog.oup.com/2022/12/dude-a-long-history-of-a-short-word/ Allen Pinkerton – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Allan-Pinkerton Lynching of Sicilians in New Orleans – https://egrove.olemiss.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1148&context=hon_thesis Deadwood, South Dakota – https://www.deadwood.com/  PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Christian McWhirter to explore the world of music during the American Civil War. We still know many of the popular songs today; but what did they mean to soldiers and civilians of the 1860s? And what does Abraham Lincoln’s taste in music say about him and his era? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 3:53 - The Music Industry During the Civil War 7:56 - What Happened to The Harpsichord? 10:17 - The History of Songs We Know Today from the Civil War 19:31 - Communal and Individual Music 22:09 - Did the Civil War Make Music More Political? 27:10 - Minstrelsy and Black Music in the South  41:34 - The Importance of Cultural Context  44:48 - Lincoln’s Relationship with Music 55:25 - Lincoln’s Engagement with Black Music 1:00:40 - What Historic Sites You Should Visit 1:05:45 - Where to Find Dr. McWhirter? EPISODE LINKS:. Battle Hymns: The Power and Popularity of Music in the Civil War – https://uncpress.org/book/9781469613673/battle-hymns/ Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum - https://presidentlincoln.illinois.gov Dixie lyrics – https://www.battlefields.org/learn/primary-sources/civil-war-music-dixie The Battle Cry of Freedom - https://www.battlefields.org/learn/primary-sources/civil-war-music-battle-cry-freedom-southern-version The Battle Hymn of the Republic – https://www.battlefields.org/learn/primary-sources/civil-war-music-battle-hymn-republic Marching Through George – https://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/sheetmusic/898/ John Brown’s Body – https://history.iowa.gov/history/education/educator-resources/primary-source-sets/abolitionist-movement/john-browns-body-song Bonnie Blue Flag - https://www.battlefields.org/learn/primary-sources/civil-war-music-bonnie-blue-flag Just Before the Battle Mother - https://www.battlefields.org/learn/primary-sources/civil-war-music-just-battle-mother Stephen Foster - https://songofamerica.net/song/camptown-races/ Oh, Susanna – https://songofamerica.net/song/oh-susanna/ Camptown Races – https://songofamerica.net/song/camptown-races/ Mad Men Minstrel Episode - https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/mad-men-blackface-episode-roger-sterling-don-draper-imdb-tv-a9596921.html American Discord: The Republic and Its People in the Civil War Era - Chapter regarding music about Lincoln – https://lsupress.org/9780807169698/american-discord/ Abraham Lincoln to Mary Lincoln, 2 July 1848 - https://papersofabrahamlincoln.org/documents/D200505 They Knew Lincoln - https://global.oup.com/academic/product/they-knew-lincoln-9780190270964?cc=se&lang=en& ALPLM Blog - https://presidentlincoln.illinois.gov/blog Edwards Place - https://www.edwardsplace.org Dana-Thomas House - https://dana-thomas.org PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Lucy Smith to explore the history of dentistry and the evolving meanings that humans have projected onto this part of the body. How were teeth extracted before dentists—and before Novocain? When did “perfect” teeth become so important? And what in the world were George Washington’s dentures made of, if not wood? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introductions 3:23 - Why Teeth? 5:20 - Were George Washington’s Teeth Wood? 9:52 - The Concerns Around Tooth Aches 11:18 - Have People Always Felt This Way About Teeth? 18:21 - Dental Care Before Dentists 25:27 - Anesthetic? 27:18 - When Did Teeth Start to Matter? 32:22 - Teeth and Being a Good American 37:49 - Losing Teeth 39:46 - What Were The Dentures Made of? 45:39 - Where Were All the Teeth Coming From? 1:00:00 - Historic Sites to Visit 1:03:55 - Where You can Find Lucy EPISODE LINKS: University of Michigan graduate history department – https://lsa.umich.edu/history/graduates/lucy-smith--st--louis--mo.html Contact information – https://lsa.umich.edu/history/people/graduate-students/lksmit.html Michael Twitty – https://afroculinaria.com/about/ George Washington’s dentures – https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/health/washingtons-teeth Caravaggio, The Tooth-Drawer – https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Caravaggio,_Michelangelo_Merisi_da_-_The_Tooth-Drawer-_1607-09.jpg Josiah Wedgewood – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Josiah-Wedgwood Ivory Waterloo teeth – https://www.vanleestantiques.com/product/ivory-artificial-waterloo-teeth-c-1800/ False Teeth – https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/false-teeth John Greenwood – https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-greenwood-1760-1819 A Famine of Cadavers episode – https://open.spotify.com/episode/4yF0H8gf2tn3IvJRXQtO3D?si=6d2ccb7338624caa National Dentistry Museum – https://www.dentalmuseum.com Brown Bag Lunch featuring Library Fellow Lucy Smith - https://www.youtube.com/live/X7F_3l0o_fQ?si=bjIia_ZuqvoT12V6 Lunch and Learn: Mouth to Mouth: The Tooth Trade in Washington’s World – https://youtu.be/lfyyQ43Z5Cw?si=HaK4zUAWgoSVKnnK The Object of History Podcast episode: “Holding the Atlantic World in his Mouth”: George Washington, an MHS Portrait, and the Culture of Teeth in the 18th Century – https://www.masshist.org/podcast/season-3-episode-1-washingtons-teeth The Costs of an All-American Smile – https://rackham.umich.edu/discover-rackham/allamericansmile/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Description: Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. John A. Ragosta to discuss the transition of Patrick Henry from Revolutionary Firebrand to Federalist candidate. Did the hyperpartisanship of the 1790s fuel this apparent switch? And did it also prevent the newly created United States from plunging into a civil war? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  Note: The thoughts, views, opinions, and intellectual property expressed in this podcast do not necessarily reflect those of the Naval History and Heritage Command, the Department of the Navy, or the Department of Defense OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 0:57 - How Close We Were to a Civil War in the 1790s 3:03 - The Instability and Conflict in the Early U.S. 5:45 - Who is Patrick Henry 10:00 - Henry as an Anti-Federalist 11:56 - British Monarchy versus Elected U.S. Federal Government 16:15 - Response to “Federalist” Henry 20:07 - Virgnians vs Virgnians  23:48 - Thomas Jefferson in Charge 25:08 - Clarifying the Timeline  27:40 - What Stops a Civil War? 30:17 - Union Above All Else 32:07 - Figuring it Out Without George Washington  35:26 - Thomas Jefferson vs Patrick Henry 43:32 - Lynn’s Theory on Why Thomas Jefferson hated Patrick Henry 46:48 - Political Policy Versus Political Rhetoric 52:23 - Where Would We Be if Henry Had Lived? 53:57 - The Importance of Understanding Context in Our Current System 57:02 - Knowing Your History Makes You a Better Citizen 1:00:25 - Where You Can Find John EPISODE LINKS:. Dr. Ragosta’s Upcoming Talks - https://www.johnaragosta.com/presentations For The People, For The Country: Patrick Henry’s Final Political Battle - https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/5846/ Patrick Henry’s Scotchtown - https://preservationvirginia.org/historic-sites/patrick-henrys-scotchtown/ Alien and Sedition Acts - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/alien-and-sedition-acts#:~:text=Passed%20in%20preparation%20for%20an,brink%20of%20war%20with%20France. Democratic-Republican Party - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Democratic-Republican-Party Federalist Party - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federalist-Party Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions - https://www.britannica.com/event/Virginia-and-Kentucky-Resolutions Conway Cabal - https://www.worldhistory.org/Conway_Cabal/ Anti-Federalists - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Anti-Federalists Nullification Crisis - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nullification-Crisis The Supremacy Clause - https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artVI-C2-1/ALDE_00013395/ John Marshall - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Marshall Thomas Jefferson’s First Inaugural Address - https://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/jefinau1.asp Missouri Compromise - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/missouri-compromise George Washington to Patrick Henry, January 15, 1799 - https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/06-03-02-0225 John Randolph of Roanoke - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Randolph-American-politician Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, December 8, 1784 - https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/01-08-02-0095 Governor Jefferson avoids British capture - https://www.monticello.org/research-education/thomas-jefferson-encyclopedia/jack-jouetts-ride/ Gerrymandering - https://www.britannica.com/topic/gerrymandering PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-po ...

Are you a Fridolatrist? A fan of Fridamania? An admirer of the unibrow, the surrealism, and the shocking way in which Frida Kahlo portrayed the most private parts of her life on canvas? This week's episode explores the life of a woman who has been claimed as a secular saint by artists, feminists, Chicanos, the disabled, and the LGBTQ+ communities. Whether you love her art or loathe it, she is truly one of a kind. About Her Half of History: Why don't women's clothes have more pockets? Who are the female writers and artists my education forgot to include? How does a woman go about seizing control of her government? What was it like to be a female slave and how did the lucky ones escape? When did women get to put their own name on their credit cards? Is the life of a female spy as glamorous as Hollywood has led me to believe? In short, what were the women doing all that time? I explore these and other questions in this thematic approach to women's history. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Description: Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Heather Haley to discuss sexuality and the military during the Cold War. A new "ideal of American morality” resulted in federal purges of gay men, lesbians, and bisexuals that became known as the Lavender Scare. How did the individuals affected fight back? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  Note: The thoughts, views, opinions, and intellectual property expressed in this podcast do not necessarily reflect those of the Naval History and Heritage Command, the Department of the Navy, or the Department of Defense OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 0:37 - How Dr. Haley Choose this Topic 6:24 - A note to Graduate Students in the Humanities from Lynn 7:45 - Understanding the Terminology 11:05 -Where did the Term Lavender Scare Come From? 16:59 - Why Now? What Brought This On? 21:21 - LGBTQ as a Security Risk 26:57 - Are There Any Actual Instances of Someone Being Compromised?  33:45 - The Crittenden Report 35:33 - Vernon Berg and Lawrence Gibson 43:17 - Interrogation Tactics and Intimidation 52:19 - Good Order and Discipline: Incentivised Outing 58:26 - Who Is Making These Policies 1:00:38 - The Importance of Getting it Right, Dr. Haley’s Book, and Being Nice to Archivists 1:06:17 - Where You Can Find Dr. Haley EPISODE LINKS:. Dr. Heather M. Haley – Twitter @GALLIFRAEAN Women Also Know History - https://womenalsoknowhistory.com/individual-scholar-page/?pdb=58 The Straight State: Sexuality and Citizenship in Twentieth-Century America, Margot Canaday - https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691149936/the-straight-state The Lavender Scare - https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2016/summer/lavender.html Vernon E. Berg III and Lawrence Gibson - https://makinggayhistory.org/podcast/copy-berg/ Susan Stryker - https://www.susanstryker.net/about Christine Jorgensen - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christine-Jorgensen Joseph McCarthy - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-McCarthy The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government, David K. Johnson - https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/L/bo193960577.html Oppenheimer – https://www.imdb.com/title/tt15398776/ Hidden Figures - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4846340/ Marilyn Monroe in WWII - https://americangimuseum.org/marilyn-monroe-in-world-war-ii/ The Deviant's War: The Homosexual vs. the United States of America, Eric Cervini - https://us.macmillan.com/books/9780374139797/thedeviantswar Crittenden Report - https://archive.org/details/gay-history-us-crittenden-report-1957 Get off my ship: Ensign Berg vs. the U.S. Navy, E. Lawrence Gibson - https://archive.org/details/getoffmyshipensi00gibs Harvey Milk - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Harvey-Milk PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:   https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Jason Herbert to talk about Florida and Seminole history, the role of cattle in identity formation, and where the first cowpeople existed in the United States. Hint: It wasn’t in the Wild West! Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 4:42 - Florida: A Remarkable Place 5:43 - Cattle Ranching...A Product of FL? 7:33 - Explaining Seminole, Alachua and the First Cow People 12:48 - Cattle Origins in FL: The Charismatic Megafauna 21:09 - The First Cowboys in Florida  22:14 - Feral Cattle 22:33 - The Story of Cowkeeper and the Alachua Communities 25:41 - The Seminolization of Florida 26:57 - From Cow Hunting to Cow Ranching: The Impact of Cattle in Florida 38:38 - The Emergence of the Term 'Cracker' and its Significance in Florida 48:37 - Impacts on Native Peoples in Florida 51:55 - How Jason Came Across This Story 54:33 - Reflecting on the Seminole Wars 58:41 - Floridians as Cow People Even Today 1:06:13 - Exploring Florida's Cattle History: Key Locations 1:09:58 - Where You Can Find Jason EPISODE LINKS: Jason Herbert – https://jasonherbert.substack.com Historians at the Movies – https://www.historiansatthemovies.com Jason on X and Instagram - @HERBERTHISTORY Deseret Ranch, Florida - https://www.deseretranches.com Seminole tribe of Florida – https://www.semtribe.com Miccosukee tribe of Florida – https://miccosukee.com/miccosukee-tribe-history/ Moses Jumper, Jr. – https://seminoletribune.org/q-and-a-with-moses-bigg-shot-jumper-jr/ Dan Flores - https://projectcoyote.org/about/ambassadors/dan-flores/ Juan Ponce de Leon – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Juan-Ponce-de-Leon Creatures of Empire – https://global.oup.com/academic/product/creatures-of-empire-9780195304466?cc=us&lang=en& Andalusia, Spain – https://www.britannica.com/place/Andalusia-region-Spain Hernando de Soto – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hernando-de-Soto Creek – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Creek-people The Creek War – https://www.britannica.com/event/Creek-War Panton, Leslie & Company – https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/panton-leslie-company/ William Bartram – https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/naturalists/bartram/ Patriot War – https://www.jaxhistory.org/patriot-war-1812/ Seminole Wars – https://www.britannica.com/topic/Seminole-Wars Florida Cracker Trading Company – https://www.floridacrackerstyle.com The Land Remembered – https://alandremembered.com Armed Occupation Act of 1842 – https://myfloridahistory.org/date-in-history/august-04-1842/armed-occupation-act Osceola – https://www.britannica.com/biography/Osceola-Seminole-leader Micanopy, Florida – https://micanopytown.com Paynes Prairie Preserve State Park – https://www.floridastateparks.org/parks-and-trails/paynes-prairie-preserve-state-park Big Cypress Reservation – https://www.semtribe.com/enterprises/big-cypress-reservation Everglades National Park – https://www.nps.gov/ever/index.htm Brooksville, Florida – https://www.nps.gov/ever/index.htm Lake Placid – https://www.lakeplacidfl.net Highlands County, Florida – https://www.highlandsfl.gov Brighton Reservation – https://www.semtribe.com/enterprises/brighton-reservation PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by John Smith to discuss the unknown side of Abigail Adams. What made this first lady and mother of a president tick? Her letters reveal a saucier side never before seen. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 1:42 - Choosing Abigail Adams as a Subject 6:38 - How did John and Abigail Meet? 9:29 - Abigail’s Stubbornness 11:01 - Abigail's Letters and the Importance of Primary Sources 15:54 - The 'Remember the Ladies' Letter 22:47 - The Importance of Women's Education 27:53 - Abigail’s Connections 34:11 - Hating Alexander Hamilton 34:59 - Abigail's Practice of Physiognomy 36:49 - Abigail’s Sailor Mouth 38:46 - Abigail's Controlling Nature 41:45 - Things You Definitely Don’t Know About Abigail Adams 50:11 - Abigail as First Lady and John's Chief of Staff 54:09 - Where you can find the book and John EPISODE LINKS: The Unexpected Abigail Adams: A Woman “Not Apt to Be Intimidated”- https://www.westholmepublishing.com/book/abigail-adams-smith/ Abigail Adams - https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/abigail-adams John Adams HBO Miniseries - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0472027/ John Adams - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Adams-president-of-United-States Rheumatic Fever - https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-public/rheumatic-fever.html#:~:text=Rheumatic%20fever%20is%20a%20condition,important%20in%20fighting%20off%20infections. Charles Francis Adams, Sr. - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Francis-Adams Founders Online – https://founders.archives.gov Massachusetts Historical Society - https://www.masshist.org Abigail to John Adams, 1776, “Remember the Ladies” - https://www.masshist.org/digitaladams/archive/doc?id=L17760331aa Mercy Otis Warren - https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mercy-otis-warren Sally Hemings - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sally-Hemings Benjamin Franklin - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Franklin Samuel Adams - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Samuel-Adams Alexander Hamilton - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-Hamilton-United-States-statesman Physiognomy - https://www.britannica.com/topic/physiognomy-divination Patience Wright - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Patience-Wright Bohemia - https://www.britannica.com/place/Bohemia John Quincy Adams - https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Quincy-Adams PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Paul Cooper, a podcaster and author who examines the rise and fall of civilizations throughout history. What led to the ultimate collapse of previously successful civilizations, and are we making any of those same mistakes today? TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 4:01 - The Inception of The Fall of Civilizations Podcast 6:56 - How Do You Define A Civilization? 7:54 - Paul’s Style of Presenting History 13:25 - How Paul Found Himself in Saddam Hussein’s Palace 16:05 - Babylon Reimagined Through History 18:12 - Finding Materials for the Next Episode 21:13 - Choosing What to Include  27:26 - Production Challenges and his Process 28:37 - The Book vs The Podcast 30:34 - How Can We Make History More Engaging 35:54 - How Paul Got Into History 40:20 - Paul’s Favorite Archive Story 45:31 - Why Something Didn’t Make It into the Book 47:29 - The Value of Studying History 57:08 - History is Not Linear 1:02:11 - Favorite Apocalypse  EPISODE LINKS: Paul M.M. Cooper - https://www.paulmmcooper.com Fall of Civilizations: Stories of Greatness and Decline - https://uk.bookshop.org/p/books/fall-of-civilizations-stories-of-greatness-and-decline-paul-cooper/7592286?ean=9780715655009 YouTube Channel - https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLR7yrLMHm11Xv2FOeHtuhern2tYm_Yd0H&feature=shared Byzantine Empire - https://www.britannica.com/place/Byzantine-Empire Babylonia - https://www.britannica.com/place/Babylonia British Library - https://www.bl.uk Mesopotamia – https://www.britannica.com/place/Mesopotamia-historical-region-Asia Assyria - https://www.britannica.com/place/Assyria Inca - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Inca Twitter - @PaulMMCooper Reddit - https://www.reddit.com/r/FallofCivilizations/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Lorri Glover, an expert on a little-known woman entrepreneur of the eighteenth century. She had “schemes,” negotiated with men, made a fortune, and still fulfilled the era’s ideal of a mother and a woman. Why don’t we know more about her? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Intro 1:22 - Who was Eliza Lucas Pinckney 3:25 - Eliza's Upbringing and Sense of Self 5:56 - Absentee Landholders 6:57 - How Lorri Found Eliza and the Primary Sources She Used 11:42 - The Importance of Digital Humanities 14:17 - Eliza Developing Schemes 19:17 - The Dangers of Sugar Production And Eliza's View on Slavery 24:52 - Taking Over the Plantations 28:47 - Was Eliza a Typical Woman 32:52 - Indigo and Eliza’s Entrepreneurial Spirit 40:09 - Eliza's Marriage and Loss 45:18 - Eliza's Connection to London and Becoming a Patriot 48:22 - A Model of the Plantar Patriarch 52:01 - Favorite Eliza Story 54:36 - Eliza as a Religious Woman 57:55 - Who is Daniel Park 1:05:22 - Exploring Eliza’s Legacy: Historical Sites in South Carolina EPISODE LINKS: Lorri Glover, PhD - https://www.slu.edu/arts-and-sciences/history/faculty/glover-lorri.php Eliza Lucas Pinckney: An Independent Woman in the Age of Revolution - https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300236118/eliza-lucas-pinckney/ Eliza Lucas Pinckney, Letters & Memoranda, 1740-1762 - https://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/pds/becomingamer/peoples/text5/elizapinckney.pdf Antigua - https://www.britannica.com/summary/Antigua-and-Barbuda George Washington's Barbados Diary, 1751-52 - https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/5139/ All Our Relations: Blood Ties and Emotional Bonds Among the Early South Carolina Gentry - https://academic.oup.com/jah/article-abstract/89/1/207/689079 The Letterbook of Eliza Lucas Pinckney, 1739-1762 - https://uscpress.com/The-Letterbook-of-Eliza-Lucas-Pinckney-1739-1762 The Papers of Eliza Lucas Pinckney and Harriott Pinckney Horry - https://rotunda.upress.virginia.edu/PinckneyHorry/ The Papers of the Revolutionary Era Pinckney Statesmen - https://rotunda.upress.virginia.edu/founders/PNKY.html “Conservation Complete for the Eliza Lucas Pinckney Gown” – https://www.charlestonmuseum.org/news-events/conservation-complete-for-the-eliza-lucas-pinckney-gown/ The Charleston Museum - https://www.charlestonmuseum.org Stono Rebellion - https://www.britannica.com/topic/insurrection-politics The Great Awakening - https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Awakening Indigo in South Carolina - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/indigo-making-comeback-south-carolina-180980987/ Charles Pinckney - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Pinckney Daniel Parke - https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/parke-daniel-1669-1710/ John Custis IV gravestone - https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/30234605/john-custis Hampton Plantation - https://south-carolina-plantations.com/charleston/hampton.html Rainbow Row, Charleston, S.C. - https://charleston.com/charleston-insider/lowcountry-lifestyles/the-captivating-history-of-rainbow-row Thomas Pinckney Home - https://charleston.com/charleston-insider/diary-of-a-charleston-tour-guide/114-broad-street-colonel-thomas-pinckney-house PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Dr. Diego Javier Luis to discuss the first Asians in the Americas as part of Pacific World history. Free and unfree migration, six months of treacherous travel, and cultural uprooting defines the Asian experience in the Spanish Americas. Who were these emigrants, and what happened when they arrived in their new world? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 1:13 - Brief Description of the Book 2:43 - The Terminology and the Word “Chino” 9:29 - A Primary Source Nightmare 15:11 - Contextualizing the Time 18:10 - How Did People End Up on These Ships? Free and Forced Migration 26:28 - Why Isn’t This History More Emphasized? 30:31 - Cultural versus Assigned Identity – Racializing “Asians” 37:45 - The Structures within Spanish Colonial Society 44:36 - Chino Emancipation and Similarities to the Atlantic Slave Trade 48:57 - What You Need to Know about the Spanish Inquisition 53:51 - Catarina de San Juan EPISODE LINKS: Diego Javier Luis - https://as.tufts.edu/history/people/faculty/diego-luis The First Asians in the Americas: A Transpacific History - https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674271784 Inquisition - https://www.britannica.com/topic/inquisition Manila Galleons - https://www.britannica.com/technology/Manila-galleon Atlantic World - https://history.illinois.edu/atlantic-world Ethnolinguistics - https://www.britannica.com/science/ethnolinguistics History of Pampagna - https://www.tagaloglang.com/history-of-pampanga Caste And Class Structure In Colonial Spanish America - https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/caste-and-class-structure-colonial-spanish-america Catarina de San Juan - https://thediplomat.com/2024/01/one-womans-journey-from-south-asia-to-mexico-and-from-slave-to-spiritual-icon/ The Conversation - https://theconversation.com/profiles/diego-javier-luis-1475619 Aeon magazine - https://aeon.co/users/diego-javier-luis Smithsonian Folklife - https://folklife.si.edu/magazine/asian-history-oregon-no-no-boy-1603 New Podcast – TBD!  PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Description: Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by Jim Gray, the great-grandson of Henry Roan who was murdered in the Reign of Terror as depicted in the movie “The Killers of the Flower Moon.” A former Osage chief, Gray offers his unique perspective of Native history, Hollywood portrayals of Indigenous peoples, his personal connection to a painful and understudied time in the history of the United States, and the ultimate triumph of the Osage people. Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Historical Overview and Jim’s Perspective 7:38 - Allotment, Oil and Guadianships 13:29 - Restricted vs Unrestricted Allotments 17:00 - Osage Control, Tribal Governments and Boarding Schools 20:26 - How the Osage Viewed Allotments 22:01 - Henry Roan’s Legacy 33:02 - The Film’s Original Script and an Osage Dinner with Martin Scorsesse  46:11 - The Wedding Scene and Robert DeNiro Speaking Osage 53:11 - Living In Both Worlds…Even Today 57:58 - Jim’s Time as Chief 1:04:21 - Closing Thoughts and The Future of the Osage EPISODE LINKS: Osage Nation - https://www.osagenation-nsn.gov Killers of the Flower Moon (Movie)- https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5537002/ Killers of the Flower Moon (Book) - https://www.davidgrann.com/books/#killers-of-the-flower-moon Osage Primary Sources - https://www.archivesfoundation.org/newsletter/this-actually-happened/ Henry Roan - https://nativenewsonline.net/arts-entertainment/margo-gray-writes-a-poignant-letter-to-her-great-grandfather-one-of-the-murder-victims-portrayed-in-killers-of-the-flower-moon The Osage "Reign of Terror" Murder Trials: An Account - https://www.famous-trials.com/osage-home/2378-the-osage-reign-of-terror-murder-trials-an-account Osage Culture - https://www.osageculture.com/culture/multimedia-collections Osage Oil Money - https://www.npr.org/2017/04/17/523964584/in-the-1920s-a-community-conspired-to-kill-native-americans-for-their-oil-money 1906 Osage Allotment Act - https://www.osagenation-nsn.gov/news-events/news/osage-minerals-council-seeks-federal-legislation-facilitating-return-osage#:~:text=In%201906%2C%20the%20U.S.%20Congress,the%20Interior%20to%20create%20a Native American Boarding Schools - https://americanindian.si.edu/nk360/code-talkers/boarding-schools/ Deb Haaland - https://www.doi.gov/secretary-deb-haaland Major Crimes Act - https://www.ovcttac.gov/saneguide/legal-and-ethical-foundations-for-sane-practice/tribal-law/#:~:text=The%20Major%20Crimes%20Act%2C%2018,%2C%20most%20sexual%20offenses%2C%20etc. How the Osage Changed Martin Scorsese’s Mind - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-the-osage-changed-martin-scorseses-mind-180983094/ Osage Language - https://www.osageculture.com/language Twitter - @JimGrayTweetz PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We are proud to present an episode from the podcast The Gilded Age and Progressive Era. “Dressed for Freedom” - The white dresses of suffragists stand out as one example of women's fashion that made a statement. Dr. Einav Rabinovitch-Fox joins the show to discuss her book Dressed for Freedom: American Feminism and the Politics of Women’s Fashion and the many ways that style brought substance to women's activism. Description of the Show: The Gilded Age and Progressive Era is a free podcast about the seismic transitions that took place in the United States from the 1870s to 1920s. It's for students, teachers, researchers, history buffs, and anyone who wants to learn more about how our past connects us to the present. It is hosted by Michael Patrick Cullinane, a professor of U.S. history and the author of several books about American politics and international relations. Support the show by following, subscribing, liking and reviewing! Continue to support our channels at patreon.com/primarysourcemedia To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus welcome Dr. Michael Cullinane to discuss naming historical eras, the first modern president, influence as power, and third party politics. Has politics changed much in the last 120 years? Or at all? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon  OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 1:28 - What is the Gilded Age and The Progressive Era 7:40 - Theodore Roosevelt, How he defined the Age and What Progressive Meant 11:22 - Theodore Roosevelt Modernizing The Office 23:19 - Theodore Roosevelt Shaping the National Narrative 24:52 - Theodore Roosevelt's Tennis Cabinet 32:37 - Third Parties and the Bull Moose Party 40:30 - What Did TR Think of Wilson? 42:07 - Will a Third Party Ever Arise? 46:49 - We Have Been Here Before & TR’s Legacy 53:15 - Favorite TR's Story and the Historical Sites to Visit! Professor of U.S. History and the Lowman Walton Chair of Theodore Roosevelt Studies at Dickinson State University in North Dakota. Website - https://www.michaelpatrickcullinane.com The Gilded Age and Progressive Era Podcast - https://www.michaelpatrickcullinane.com/podcast Remembering Theodore Roosevelt: Reminiscences of His Contemporaries - https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-69296-4 Theodore Roosevelt's Ghost: The History and Memory of an American Icon - https://lsupress.org/9780807166727/ “Gild the Lily” - https://www.merriam-webster.com/word-of-the-day/gild%20the%20lily-2008-04-04 Theodore Roosevelt, Sr. - https://www.nps.gov/thrb/learn/historyculture/theodorerooseveltsr.htm Franklin D. Roosevelt – https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/franklin-d-roosevelt/ William McKinley - https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/william-mckinley/ Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish-American War - https://guides.loc.gov/chronicling-america-theodore-roosevelt-rough-riders/introduction Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-Darwin/On-the-Origin-of-Species TR’s Tennis Cabinet - https://www.loc.gov/item/2013650863/ Bull Moose Party - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bull-Moose-Party William Howard Taft - https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/william-howard-taft/ Woodrow Wilson - https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/woodrow-wilson/ Eugene V. Debs - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eugene-V-Debs History of the Teddy Bear - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/history-teddy-bear-once-seen-dangerous-influence-young-children-180983234/ TR Birthplace in Manhattan - https://www.nps.gov/thrb/index.htm TR Island near D.C. - https://www.nps.gov/this/index.htm Sagamore Hill, Home of TR - https://www.nps.gov/sahi/index.htm TR Presidential Library (2026) - https://www.trlibrary.com Theodore Roosevelt Center at Dickinson State University - https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: 2c4hpod.com Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/2-complicated-4-history/id1664183536 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3svQpZfxhVQnYJMESpp842?si=514780ada34d4aab Full episodes playlist:    https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLX2x56DEw1y7EYWxfufgfSR951RrdsXet&si=TuDcpAjaeQx-vjkH SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

EPISODE DESCRIPTION: Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac S. Loftus are joined by George Washington’s Mount Vernon’s Dr. Douglas Bradburn to discuss the events that culminated in the Constitutional Convention and the ratification of the Constitution. The Articles of Confederation created a weak and loose connection among the states. Rather than amending them, the founders threw them out and imagined a new, stronger federal government. Do we understand the document in the same way today as its composers did in the eighteenth century? Please support this podcast by checking out our patreon: www.patreon.com/primarysourcemedia TRANSCRIPT: coming soon OUTLINE: 0:00 - Introduction 1:25 - The Articles of Confederation Explained 7:22 - What is The Critical Period 10:41 - The Origins of the US as a Confederation 12:16 - The American Revolution vs the Dutch Revolt 13:32 - The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation 19:28 - The Impact of the Northwest Ordinance 24:16 - How we Amended The Articles of Confederation 27:10 - How did we get to the Constitutional Convention 36:35 - What Happened at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia 39:47 - The Executive Explained 51:57 - How They Changed the Constitution 55:17 - What is Nullification 1:04:38 - An Imperfect Solution to Governing EPISODE LINKS: George Washington’s Mount Vernon - https://www.mountvernon.org Articles of Confederation - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/articles-of-confederation Continental Congress – https://history.state.gov/milestones/1776-1783/continental-congress#:~:text=The%20Continental%20Congress%20was%20the,years%20of%20the%20American%20Revolution. Richard Henry Lee’s Resolution – https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/lee-resolution Declaration of Independence - https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania - https://history.delaware.gov/john-dickinson-plantation/dickinsonletters/pennsylvania-farmer-letters/ The “Critical Period” - https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/5655/#:~:text=The%20%22Critical%20Period%22%20of%20American,or%20the%20worst%20of%20times. A Revolutionary Wave: Dutch and American Patriots in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World - https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wd94067 The Northwest Ordinance - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/northwest-ordinance#:~:text=The%20Northwest%20Ordinance%20chartered%20a,rights%20guaranteed%20in%20the%20territory. The Potomac Company - https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/the-potomac-company/ The Virginia Plan - https://www.senate.gov/civics/common/generic/Virginia_Plan_item.htm#:~:text=Introduced%20to%20the%20Constitutional%20Convention,of%20Representatives)%20with%20proportional%20representation. The Return of George Washington by Edward Larson - https://www.harpercollins.com/products/the-return-of-george-washington-edward-j-larson?variant=32207581020194 The Whiskey Rebellion - https://www.britannica.com/event/Whiskey-Rebellion Representation Debate in the Constitutional Convention - https://www.senate.gov/about/origins-foundations/senate-and-constitution/equal-state-representation.htm#:~:text=During%20the%20summer%20of%201787,in%20the%20House%20of%20Representatives. Bill of Rights - https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/bill-of-rights/what-does-it-say#:~:text=The%20Bill%20of%20Rights%20is,speech%2C%20press%2C%20and%20religion. Nullification of Federal Laws - https://www.britannica.com/topic/nullification-crisis Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions - https://www.britannica.com/event/Virginia-and-Kentucky-Resolutions SOCIAL: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/2c4h_Podcast - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/2c4hPodcast - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/2c4h_podcast To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

George Washington remains a presence in many sites across the United States, reflecting not only the past but who we are today. Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac Loftus welcome historian and archaeologist Philip Levy to examine the history, memory, and myths that surround the nation’s first founding father. Relevant Links: The Permanent Resident: Excavations and Explorations of George Washington’s Life by Philip Levy - https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/5491/ George Washington’s Mount Vernon – https://www.mountvernon.org Ferry Farm - https://kenmore.org Mason Locke Weems - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mason-Locke-Weems Cherry Tree Myth - https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/cherry-tree-myth/ Benson Lossing - https://www.library.illinois.edu/rbx/2015/02/20/benson-lossing-artist-historian-author/ George Washington Birthplace - https://www.nps.gov/gewa/index.htm History and Memory - https://commonplace.online/article/historians-and-memory/#:~:text=owned%2C%20history%20interpreted.-,Memory%20is%20passed%20down%20through%20generations%3B%20history%20is%20revised.,contexts%20in%20all%20their%20complexity. Wig Curlers - https://livesandlegaciesblog.org/2017/09/22/how-many-curlers-did-a-harried-hairdresser-need-lets-do-the-math/ Betty Washington Lewis - https://encyclopediavirginia.org/11535hpr-a6fe6bc9be77d33/ Mary Ball Washington - https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/mary-ball-washington/ Yard Birds: The Lives and Times of America’s Urban Chickens by Philip Levy - https://www.upress.virginia.edu/title/5315/ To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

 In the eighteenth century, native Americans were involved in a global trade network with Britain, France, and Spain on the North American continent. Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac Loftus welcome historical interpreter Beau Robbins to discuss power structures, trade relations, and the economy in colonial America. Everything 2c4h at 2c4hpod.com Relevant Links: www.BeauRobbins.com http://www.thefounderslive.com History of Florida - https://dos.fl.gov/florida-facts/florida-history/ Westward expansion - https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/resource-library-westward-expansion/# Seven Years War - https://www.britannica.com/event/Seven-Years-War Yamasee War - https://www.britannica.com/event/Yamasee-War Cherokee War - https://www.britannica.com/event/Cherokee-wars-and-treaties Seminole Wars - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Seminole-Wars Red Cloud’s War - https://www.britannica.com/topic/Red-Clouds-War Alexander McGillivray - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-McGillivray 1790 Treaty of New York - https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/treaty-of-new-york-1790/ Deerskins and Duffels: The Creek Indian Trade with Anglo-America, 1685-1815 by Kathryn Braund - https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/nebraska-paperback/9780803218567/ Okfuskee: A Creek Indian Town in Colonial America by Joshua Piker - https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674022539 The McGillivray and McIntosh Traders: On the Old Southwest Frontier, 1716-1815 by Amos J. Wright - https://ugapress.org/book/9781603060141/the-mcgillivray-and-mcintosh-traders/ McGillivray of the Creeks by John Walton Caughey - https://uscpress.com/McGillivray-of-the-Creeks Lachlan McGillivray, Indian Trader: The Shaping of the Southern Colonial Frontier by Edward J. Cashin - https://ugapress.org/book/9780820340937/lachlan-mcgillivray-indian-trader/ James Monroe’s Highland - https://highland.org Hanover County - https://www.hanoverhistorical.org/history.html Hanover Tavern - https://www.roadtorevolution.com/hanover-tavern/ To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In the American Civil War, the North and the South battled to create their own versions of a free nation. But who were the individuals in uniform, fighting and dying for their side? Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac Loftus welcome historian and author Kevin M. Levin as he explains why it has long been believed that black soldiers fought for the South, and why that story is nothing more than a myth. Kevin M. Levin Substack, “Civil War Memory” - https://kevinmlevin.substack.com Kevin M. Levin Website – https://cwmemory.com Searching for Black Confederates: The Civil War’s Most Persistent Myth - https://uncpress.org/book/9781469653266/searching-for-black-confederates/ The Army of Northern Virginia - https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/army-of-northern-virginia/ Battle of Gettysburg - https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/gettysburg Alexander Stephens - https://www.loc.gov/item/2021669447/ Library of Congress Digital Collections - https://www.loc.gov/collections/ “Roots” - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0075572/ “Gone with the Wind” - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0031381/ David McCullough - https://www.simonandschuster.com/authors/David-McCullough/938 Historiography - https://www.britannica.com/topic/historiography Jefferson Davis - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jefferson-Davis Robert E. Lee - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-E-Lee Dr. Marcus P. Nevius podcast episode - https://open.spotify.com/episode/32PsszLeDLsT7DDCRRC5Er?si=010f470ca3bd46da Robert Gould Shaw - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-Gould-Shaw 54th Massachusetts - https://www.nps.gov/articles/54th-massachusetts-regiment.htm To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On April 14, 1865, Abraham Lincoln was shot while watching a play at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. But what happened afterward? And how did Lincoln's Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton, play a crucial role? Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac Loftus welcome Steven Walters to discuss his popular podcast 1865 and post-Civil War America. Everything 2c4h at 2c4hpod.com Relevant Links: Steven Walters – https://m.imdb.com/name/nm2389157/bio/ 1865 - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/1865/id1467256065 Abraham Lincoln - https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/abraham-lincoln/ John Wilkes Booth – https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Wilkes-Booth Edwin Booth - https://npg.si.edu/blog/edwin-booth-accomplished-actor-and-brother-john-wilkes  Lincoln assassination - https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/eyewitness/html.php?section=13 Co-conspirators - https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/eyewitness/html.php?section=13 Edwin M. Stanton - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edwin-M-Stanton Petersen House - https://www.nps.gov/foth/the-petersen-house.htm Andrew Johnson - https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/andrew-johnson/ 13th amendment - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/13th-amendment 14th amendment - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/14th-amendment 15th amendment - https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/15th-amendment Reconstruction - https://www.britannica.com/event/Reconstruction-United-States-history Freedmen’s Bureau - https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/generic/FreedmensBureau.htm#:~:text=On%20March%203%2C%201865%2C%20Congress,including%20newly%20freed%20African%20Americans. Mary Surratt - https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Surratt The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson - https://www.loc.gov/collections/century-of-lawmaking/articles-and-essays/century-presentations/impeachment/ John Mercer Langston - https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/langston-john-mercer-1829-1897/ Airship Podcast Productions - Airship.fm History Daily Podcast - https://www.historydaily.com/ Twitter: @StevenMWalters Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/1865podcast Produced by Primary Source Media (primarysourcemedia.com) To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Future doctors learn their craft through practice on deceased persons. But what if there aren’t enough bodies to go around? Dr. Lynn Price Robbins and Isaac Loftus welcome Chris Flook to explore the phenomenon of graverobbing in Indianapolis at the turn of the twentieth century for a spooky Halloween episode. Everything 2c4h at 2c4hpod.com Relevant Links: Chris Flook - https://www.bsu.edu/academics/collegesanddepartments/media/about-us/faculty-staff/flookchristopher Indianapolis Graverobbing: A Syndicate of Death: https://www.chrisflook.com/text/ Graverobbing Historical Marker - https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=210940 Rufus Cantrell - https://historicindianapolis.com/rufus-cantrell-intruder-in-the-dust/ The Knick - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2937900/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_6_nm_2_q_the%2520knick The Doctors Riot of 1788 - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/gory-new-york-city-riot-shaped-american-medicine-180951766/ Dr. Goethe Link - https://dlib.indiana.edu/reference/cshm/ohrc078.html Produced by Primary Source Media (primarysourcemedia.com) To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices