Autism Science Foundation Weekly Science Report

This week’s podcast features beloved UCLA child neurologist Dr. Rujuta Wilson who helps families with autism and other neurological conditions, both with and without a known genetic condition. We discuss the overlap of motor disability with autism spectrum disorder, what we know, what we need to know and what research families can participate in to help solve these questions. Dr. Wilson also explains some common terms in motor abilities or disabilities and how recreational activities can enhance evidence-based therapies to improve motor function, and of course give joy to those participating. The PROMISE Study_approvedDownload Wong.Wilson.sibs.motorDownload survey.CN.wilsonDownload

Happy Pride! In honor of June, this week’s podcast focuses on the specific needs of those who are transgender or sexually diverse and also autistic. What is the prevalence of autism in those who are transgender and what is the prevalence of being transgender in those who are autistic? New research has emerged which shows that mental and physical health problems are more prevalent in those with an autism diagnosis and transgender compared to those who are not autistic and transgender. What can we learn about sex differences in diagnoses of males and females through studying those who are also transgender? Also, Laura Graham Holmes who authored one of the studies comments on the importance of her research. Click to access 10.1177_07067437261442432.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aur.70235 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41614651 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-17794-1 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41533668

In all the recent hype on the “overprescribing” of psychiatric medications, there is a circulating rumor antidepressant use in the mother during pregnancy has could be linked to an autism diagnosis in the child. Thankfully, there is research on this topic, and the results are clear: antidepressant exposure during pregnancy does not cause autism in children. Where would this idea come from? Early studies did show a weak link, but the association arises because there is a genetic link between having a psychiatric disorder like anxiety and stress and autism. Don’t stop taking your meds unless you discuss it with your doctor. References below: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42134364 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42088678/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42168841/

SPARK – neuroscience, known to autism researchers as the other “SPARK”, is a project based out of Stanford University. This project does not collect genetics on hundreds of thousands of people, instead, they that provide funding, advice, support, mentorship, coaching and project management to scientists who have some evidence of a target in the brain relevant to autism. They help these scientists turn it into a potential drug or therapeutic that can help families. This is known as “translational research” and part of the “Valley of Death” where so many good drugs fail. This is a high-risk/high-reward endeavor. They are currently focused on therapeutics that target the functioning of the brain in autism and Parkinson’s Disease. Today’s guest is Dr. Opher Kornfeld, managing director of SPARK NS and neuroscientist. He explains how SPARK NS started, what they do, and how they have been successful helping scientists develop an idea into a potential product. https://sparkns.org

This week’s ASF weekly science podcast features Dr. David Amaral, who directs the Autism BrainNet. The Autism BrainNet is a program that organizes the collection of post-mortem brain tissue and then distributes it to autism researchers worldwide to better understand the brains of people with autism. He discusses major scientific discoveries about the mechanisms of autism in the brain that were only possible by using this resource, and the brave generosity of families that make the program happen. Anyone can register to learn more about new scientific research and the program itself, it’s important that everyone at least know the program exists for future planning. You can learn more here: www.autismbrainnet.org.

The NIH has launched the new Autism Data Science Initiative: https://dpcpsi.nih.gov/autism-data-science-initiative/funding-opportunities#section1, which brings questions about why linking different data sets is important. It can be done without including personal identifying information, and it should be done following ethical guidelines. If done correctly, using large datasets can answer questions relating to treatment, cause, better identification and personalized medicine for those on the spectrum. So what has linking data done for families? This week’s podcast summarizes longitudinal research that follows individuals across time, linking their information across different ages to look at factors that predict outcomes, environmental factors, and how to best support those on the spectrum. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40420626 https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-025-02739-4 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40391067 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40309015 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40401338

With the International Society for Autism Research underway and a new wave of misunderstanding about scientific evidence in autism, it’s time to think about what is science, how is it conducted, and why does it take so long? Who benefits from science and how? This is just the start, but gives a quick overview of why science matters to families affected by autism.

The past couple of weeks have been a flurry of decisions involving government funding for research and health and wellness services. It’s been difficult to understand their impact without understanding the process in which science is evaluated for funding and policies around support of universities where the research takes place. In this podcast, we will clarify what environmental factors are associated with autism (not vaccines), summarize how grants are reviewed and what effect stopping them will have, and explain new rules around how much money research institutions receive in order to support that research, those “indirect costs” and what cutting them will mean for Research Institutions. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39891002 https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-25-068.html Click to access actinghhssecretarymemoaction2212025-1737591296147.pdf

Despite many years fighting it, families with autism still experience societal stigma. The experiences depend on many factors, summarized in the October 21st podcast. This week, Mia Kotikovski explores cultural factors involved in stigma. As examples, she explores the literature from Asia, the Middle East and the United Kingdom, how they are different, and how families cope with that stigma in different areas of the world. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40489-023-00373-7 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9330163 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10803-019-04218-3 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-23978-0 https://molecularautism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13229-023-00579-w https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0261774 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aur.2652