California Frontier

In part 2 of our interview, we explore the transformative period of US occupation and the subsequent transition to statehood, focusing on the California Constitution drafted in 1849 and ratified in 1850. Dr. Jones provides a deep dive into the cultural and social dynamics of the time, highlighting the contributions and challenges faced by these pioneering communities.We discuss the development of africancalifornios.org, a dedicated platform aimed at preserving and sharing this rich heritage. The conversation also uncovers the intriguing story behind California's name, believed to be inspired by an African queen, Califia, from a historical novel. This episode offers a comprehensive look at the diverse influences that have shaped California's history.To learn more: https://www.africancalifornios.org/home00:10 Introduction to the Interview 01:12 US Occupation and Statehood 02:47 California Constitution 05:30 Cultural and Social Dynamics 10:30 Project Development: africancalifornios.org 33:52 California's Name Origin Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Historian Cameron Jones joins Damian Bacich for a fascinating conversation about the overlooked African presence in early California. Drawing on mission records, census data, and genealogical research, Jones explores how people of African descent—many arriving from Mexico as soldiers, settlers, and ranchers—helped shape California during the Spanish and Mexican periods.The discussion traces the stories of prominent Californio families such as the Picos, the multicultural origins of Los Angeles, and the complex racial realities of life in frontier California. Jones also explains his groundbreaking digital humanities project, AfricanCalifornios.org, which uses historical records and data science to reconstruct the lives and networks of African-descended Californios.Far from reducing California history to simple categories, this interview reveals a past that was deeply diverse, interconnected, and often misunderstood. It’s an essential conversation for anyone interested in California history, the Spanish Borderlands, genealogy, race and identity, or the hidden stories behind the American West.Topics discussed include:* African-descended Californios and the Spanish missions* The founding families of Los Angeles* Pío Pico and the Pico dynasty* Race, class, and identity in Spanish and Mexican California* The transition from Mexican to U.S. ru* California genealogy and historical memory* The AfricanCalifornios.org projectTo learn more: https://www.africancalifornios.org/home0:00 Intro0:23 Show Introduction0:48 About Dr. Cameron Jones & African Californios3:26 How Cameron Got Into This Research7:44 The 1813 Questionnaire: Discovery of African Descent in California10:20 Notable Californio Families of African Descent14:26 The Founders of Los AngelesSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In the second half of this interview with Edie Littlefield Sundby (The Mission Walker), she explains why she extended the California Mission Trail beyond San Diego and retraced the original mission route from Loreto, Baja California, to the U.S. border in 2015, after her cancer returned and she was treated with radiation. Guided by Harry Crosby’s maps and aided by (previous guest) Trudi Angell and local vaqueros, she walked nearly 1,000 GPS miles through roadless desert sierras with pack mules, scarce water, and minimal supplies, encountering both extraordinary hospitality on remote ranchos and increasing danger from narcos and drug routes in northern Baja. Edie contrasts the wild Jesuit trail with the more accessible Franciscan route in California, reflects on gratitude, trust, and spiritual pilgrimage, discusses the missions’ enduring “spirit” even in ruins, and closes with thoughts on history’s complexity and the California Mission Trail as a pilgrimage people can complete in segments.Purchase The Mission WalkerChapters00:00 Why Baja Matters01:21 Transcendence Then Relapse03:28 Discovering Loreto Origins05:20 Planning With Trudy06:41 Keeping It Quiet07:59 Jesuit Trail Realities09:54 Launching From Loreto10:25 Vaqueros And Survival13:23 Rancho Hospitality Story16:11 Living History On Ranchos18:07 Timing The Desert Walk19:23 Loreto Mission And Spirit21:07 Jesuit Trail Highlights23:04 Narcos on the Trail24:23 Vaquero Protection26:31 Respect and Trust28:08 Desert Hunger Lessons29:11 Water Survival System30:16 Cactus and Gear32:14 Shrines and Gratitude33:19 Finishing the Journey36:33 Drug Roads Reality37:59 History Beyond Myths40:31 Trust Over Fear41:44 California Camino Dream42:44 Walking in Segments43:52 Next Big Adventures44:55 Books and Farewell46:57 Support the ShowSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Today's guest is Edie Littlefield Sundby, author of the memoir The Mission Walker, about becoming the first person to walk the full Camino Real of both Californias while living with stage four cancer. In Part 1, Edie recounts being initially denied treatment, finding aggressive care at Stanford, surviving extensive surgeries and chemotherapy, and using walking to purge toxicity and rebuild her body and spirit. She also describes her first mission journey, walking from San Diego to Sonoma in 55 days by following mission bells and a hiker’s guide, as well as the hospitality of Franciscan missions.Chapters:00:00 California Mission Trail Intro00:40 Meet Edie Littlefield Sun02:40 Stage Four Cancer Turning Point04:54 Walking as Medicine and Pilgrimage08:13 Mission Bells and First Trail Walk10:48 Chemo Walks and Healing Mindset15:56 Follow the Bells Decision18:14 Planning the 800 Mile Walk21:18 Trail Logistics and One Lung24:03 No Shortcuts Long Walk Lessons27:04 Maps Over GPS Ground Truth30:03 55 Days Mission to Mission32:50 Mindfulness Outside the Head34:56 Santa Susanna Pass Breakthrough39:29 How the Trail Defines CaliforniaSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In 1769, Spain feared it was about to lose the Pacific coast. Russian traders were moving south from Alaska, British naval power was rising, and Spain had no permanent settlements north of Baja California. In response, imperial officials launched a land-and-sea operation known as the Sacred Expedition — a march that would found San Diego, search for the lost harbor of Monterey, and lead a small overland party to the first recorded European sighting of San Francisco Bay.The Portolá Expedition (1769–1770) was the first Spanish overland exploration of coastal Alta California, organized to secure Spain’s claim against rival empires. Led by Gaspar de Portolá and supported by Fr. Junípero Serra and José de Gálvez, the expedition established San Diego, attempted to locate Monterey Bay, and instead made the first documented European discovery of San Francisco Bay. These journeys laid the foundation for Spain’s missions and presidios in California.0:00 -- Introduction0:32 — Why Spain Moved into Alta California (Manila Galleon & Empire Strategy)3:10 — Russian Expansion Threatens Spanish California6:30 — José de Gálvez’s Plan: Missions and Presidios in Alta California9:40 — The 1769 Portolá Expedition Begins13:10 — Founding San Diego: First Mission and Presidio16:40 — Why the Expedition Missed Monterey19:50 — The European “Discovery” of San Francisco Bay (1769)22:40 — The Return South and Near Failure24:30 — 1770: Founding Monterey and Securing Spanish CaliforniaReferences: Herbert Eugene Bolton, Fray Juan Crespi, Missionary Explorer on the Pacific Coast, 1769-1774Phil Brigandi and Eric Plunkett, The Portolá Expedition in Orange CountyHarry W. Crosby, Gateway to Alta California: The Expedition to San Diego, 1769Iris Engstrand and Donald Cutter, Quest for Empire: Spanish Settlement in the SouthwestIris Engstrand, “The Occupation of the Port of San Diego de Alcalá, 1769.”Robert Kirsch and William S. Murphy, West of the West. Witnesses to the California Experience, 1542-1906.Richard Pourade, The History of San Diego: Vol. II: The Explorers, 1492-1774.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In part two of this interview, Damian Bacich continues his conversation with David Kier, who shares stories from his travels to the Baja California missions and explains some of the legends people tell about “lost missions” and hidden treasures. David describes what the missions look like today—some are still standing and even used for church services, while others are in ruins because of weather and time. He also talks about other historians and writers who inspired his work and gives helpful advice for people who want to visit Baja California, including tips about safety, transportation, insurance, and travel documents. David encourages listeners to see Baja California as an important part of California’s history and to appreciate its culture, landscapes, and historic landmarks.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, host Damian Bacich talks with David Kier about his lifelong interest in Baja California and its missions. Kier explains how family trips he took as a child sparked a passion that later led him to make maps, write guidebooks, and become an expert on mission history. He describes when and why the Jesuit, Franciscan, and Dominican missions were founded in Baja California between 1697 and 1849, clears up myths about “lost missions,” and explains how disease and Spanish colonization affected Native peoples. The episode also looks at how the name “California” originally referred to Baja California before spreading north, how control of the region changed from Spain to Mexico, and why Kier believes it is important to study history carefully while staying open to new discoveries.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Today, I'm honored to speak with Craig S. Harwood, author of Bridget's Gambit, a captivating saga of family enterprise during the California Gold Rush. This really interesting book, coming out soon, tells a fascinating story of early California and its impact on American history. Craig shares insights about the gold mining and gold hunting in the region, his personal connection to the narrative, and what he discovered while writing this important piece of history.We explore the life of Bridget Evoy, a remarkable figure in California's Gold Rush history. The discussion highlights Bridget's leadership and resilience, as well as the challenges faced by women in a male-dominated society during the Victorian era. We also cover Bridget's role in the development of the city of Oakland during the Gold Rush era, her resilience in the face of personal tragedy, her family's legacy, and the impact of their Catholic faith. The conversation also highlights the challenges and triumphs of women during this period, the writing process behind documenting Bridget's story, and the misconceptions surrounding women's roles in the Gold Rush. Craig also shares insights from his research and the importance of storytelling in preserving history.Pre-order Bridget's Gambit todayChapters00:00 Introduction to California History and Bridget's Gambit03:00 The Author's Background and Connection to Bridget05:51 Bridget Evoy's Early Life in Ireland08:40 Bridget's Journey to America and Challenges Faced11:41 The Gold Rush Catalyst and Family Decisions14:41 The Overland Journey and Leadership in Crisis18:54 Exploiting Opportunities During the Gold Rush22:11 The Family's Strategic Business Moves25:40 Navigating Dangers in a Male-Dominated Society31:52 Facing Tragedy with Resilience35:12 Legacy of Tenacity and Business Acumen38:30 Faith and Philanthropy in the Family42:08 Researching the Past: A Detective Story42:37 The Writing Process: From Idea to Publication43:33 Crafting a Compelling Narrative45:07 Lessons from Previous Works46:32 Balancing Scholarly Rigor with Accessibility47:57 Misconceptions about Women in the Gold Rush50:45 Legal Changes Empowering Women52:10 Future Projects and Book PromotionSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 2 of my interview with archaeologist Richard Carrico, our conversation delves into the significant archaeological findings at the Presidio, revealing insights into its history, architecture, and the lives of its inhabitants. Richard comments on the culinary practices of the time, leisure activities, and the transition from the Presidio to Old Town San Diego. The discussion also covers crime and punishment within the Presidio, the legal rights of Native Americans, and the broader implications of these historical narratives for contemporary readers.Purchase Richard's book: El Presidio de San Diego: Excavating Southern California's Lost City00:00 Introduction to Richard Carrico and His Work01:08 Excavation Discoveries and Archaeological Insights07:33 Culinary Traditions at the Presidio09:28 Authentic Culinary Traditions12:09 Leisure and Games in Historical Context15:43 The Evolution of Old Town21:00 Crime and Punishment at the Presidio32:53 Understanding the Reader's PerspectiveSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this conversation, I interview archaeologist Richard Carrico, an expert on the Presidio of San Diego, discussing its historical significance, the need for accessible literature on the subject, and the cultural heritage of the Kumeyaay people. Carrico shares insights from his new book, El Presidio de San Diego: Excavating Southern California's Lost City. In it, Richard emphasizes the importance of the Presidio in California's history and the challenges it faces in terms of preservation and public awareness.00:00 Introduction to Richard Carrico and His Work02:08 The Significance of the Presidio of San Diego04:29 The Need for a Comprehensive Book on the Presidio06:59 The Current State of the Presidio Site12:30 Historical Occupation of the Presidio18:00 Demographics and Community at the Presidio23:08 The Origin and Meaning of 'Presidio'25:35 Excavation Discoveries and Archaeological InsightsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, we delve into the second half of an interview with Tom Prezelski, author of Californio Lancers: The First Battalion of Native Cavalry in the Far West. The discussion covers the period post-Civil War, focusing on the unit's deployment to Arizona and the numerous challenges they faced, including malaria, desertion, and campaigns against the Apaches and French imperialists in Northern Mexico. We explore figures like Salvador Vallejo, Captain Pico, and Colonel Ronstadt, as well as the diverse backgrounds of the unit's soldiers and their complex motivations for joining. The episode provides a comprehensive look at the battalion's legacy and traces the intersections of various historical threads in the American Southwest during the 1860s.00:00 Introduction to the Interview01:25 Deployment to Arizona and Challenges02:59 Campaigns Against the Apaches and French Imperialists04:58 Health Issues and Desertion06:36 Confrontations and Leadership Dynamics15:34 Recruitment and Composition of the Unit21:50 Cultural and Linguistic Diversity31:12 Uniforms and Disbandment35:11 Legacy and Memorials37:40 Conclusion and Future ProjectsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, I talk with author Tom Prezelski about his book The Californio Lancers: The 1st Battalion of Native Cavalry in the Far West, 1863–1866. Together, we explore the fascinating and often overlooked history of the First Battalion of Native Cavalry in California during the Civil War. Learn how these Californios (Mexican Californians) came together to form a unique unit that played a crucial role in both Union efforts and frontier defense from 1863 to 1866. Tom shares personal anecdotes and historical insights on the battalion's formation, the use of lances, and their deployment to Arizona and Sonora. This episode ties together the cultural, political, and social dynamics of the American West and Civil War history.00:00 Introduction to the California Lancers01:32 Meet the Author: Tom Prezelski01:59 Tom's Background and Inspiration03:19 Discovering the California Lancers08:49 The Formation of the Native Cavalry10:30 Challenges and Recruitment14:19 The Unique Use of Lances26:56 Deployment and Duties29:49 Controversies and Legal IssuesSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Join us as we conclude our interview with ethnohistorian April Farnham, delving into the lives and contributions of mixed Spanish and indigenous families in Northern California during the late 18th and 19th centuries. From the Anza Expedition to the intricate social fabrics of families like the Juarez and Carillo, we explore matrimonial investigations, multicultural interactions, and the significant roles of women in preserving and merging diverse cultures. Discover how these early settlers shaped the cultural and historical landscape of California, specifically in the areas surrounding San Francisco Bay, Napa, and Sonoma. Don't miss out on learning new historical revelations and the ongoing efforts to uncover more about California's rich heritage.00:00 Introduction to the Interview with April Farham01:52 Exploring Matrimonial Investigations04:08 Connections to the Anza Expedition05:22 The Carillo Family Lineage07:32 Multilingual Influences and Relationships14:23 Research Directions and Future Projects23:55 The Role of Women in Preserving Culture30:16 Events and Activities at Sonoma State Historic Park32:46 Conclusion and Final ThoughtsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, I interview April Farham, who shares her fascinating work on the lives of early California settlers, specifically indigenous and Mestiza women. April discusses her personal journey into historical research that focuses on California's frontier in the 18th and 19th centuries. She elaborates on her work at the Maidu Indian Museum and her passion for unraveling the stories behind the extensive basket collections and their connection to indigenous women. The conversation also touches on the genealogical and historical intersections revealed through archival research and the impact of mixed ancestry on California's cultural landscape.00:00 Introduction to the Interview with April Farham02:14 April's Background and Early Career06:54 Exploring the State Indian Museum Collections12:07 Graduate Studies and Research Focus Shift19:37 Discovering the Juarez Family History32:45 Ethnohistorical Research and Archival WorkSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Exploring Historical Illustrations and California's Cultural Heritage with David W. RickmanWatch to the full YouTube videoIn the final installment of this interview series, historian and illustrator David W. Rickman delves into the history of Russians on Northern California's coast, his contributions to national and state parks, collaborations with the Smithsonian Institution, and his esteemed Sutter's Fort Costume Manual. David also discusses his forthcoming book on clothing and material culture in the American West, 'Where Worlds Met.' Throughout the conversation, Rickman highlights his endeavors in historical illustration, including his projects for Alviso Adobe, Fort Ross, and other national parks. David reflects on nearly participating in a Hollywood Zorro series, emphasizing the importance and challenges of historical accuracy in visual storytelling. The episode is a treasure trove for history enthusiasts, offering rich insights into the cultural tapestry of early California and the American West.00:00 Introduction to the Final Interview with David W. Rickman01:01 David's Work in National and State Parks05:27 Sutter's Fort Costume Manual and Upcoming Book07:25 Challenges and Insights in Historical Costume Research15:51 Illustrations and Projects for National Park Service20:40 Hollywood and Historical Authenticity24:40 Conclusion and Upcoming EventsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In the second part of our interview with illustrator and historian David W. Rickman, we delve into his research methodologies and his quest to accurately depict historical clothing. We discuss how Hollywood has influenced our perceptions of the American West and the common misconceptions about Native American attire in the past. David shares his experiences researching in various museums, including the National History Museum in Los Angeles and the de Young Museum, and talks about the challenges of getting people to wear authentic historical costumes. We also touch on his upcoming book, 'Where Worlds Met,' which explores California costumes from 1822 to 1860 and features never-before-seen images. Join us as we explore these fascinating insights into California history.00:00 Introduction to the Interview with David W. Rickman01:00 David's Research Methodology and Museum Experiences05:04 Challenges in Historical Costume Accuracy06:50 The Influence of the American West and Individualism08:57 California's Historical and Cultural Revival24:28 Misconceptions About Native American Clothing31:38 Conclusion and Final ThoughtsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Join us for Part 1 of an interview with artist and historian David W. Rickman, renowned for his illustrations of California history and the Spanish borderlands. In this episode, we delve into the misconceptions influenced by Hollywood and incomplete historical records, and how David's unique expertise helps correct these narratives. Learn about his fascinating work on early Californian dress, the visual culture of the American West, and the painstaking research process behind his acclaimed illustrations. Don't miss this deep dive into the material culture and historical representation of the American West.00:00 Introduction and Technical Notes01:23 Understanding the Past Through Visuals02:38 Meet David Rickman: Historian and Illustrator04:03 David's Unique Perspective on History06:09 The Influence of Early Experiences08:12 Challenges in Historical Illustration20:00 Research and Projects27:52 The Importance of Accurate Representation31:15 California's Rich Historical Record39:55 Conclusion and Upcoming Part TwoDavid's WebsiteSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Antonio Coronel’s Gold Rush Tales in Mexican CaliforniaIn the final installment of 'The Tales of Mexican California,' we follow Antonio Coronel's vivid recount of his time in the Northern California gold fields post-1848. Coronel, who initially settled in Los Angeles after arriving from Mexico in 1834, shares graphic and poignant stories from the Gold Rush era. These include violent episodes, massacres of Native people, and the lawlessness that prevailed among fortune seekers. Coronel details his own experiences with gold mining, the lucrative yet perilous nature of the business, and the eventual abandonment of his efforts due to lawlessness and threats of violence. His firsthand accounts provide a unique perspective on the cultural and societal shifts during the transition of California from Mexican to American rule.00:00 Introduction to Antonio Coronel's Gold Rush Adventures02:12 The Gold Rush Begins: Challenges and Opportunities04:36 Life in the Gold Fields: Wealth and Lawlessness08:09 A Violent Encounter in Sonoma12:50 Return to the Gold Fields and New Ventures18:42 Conflict and Prejudice in the Gold Fields29:46 Final Reflections and Departure from the Gold FieldsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In the second part of my interview with Michael Hardwick, we hear about Hippolyte Bouchard, a pirate who raided California's coast, and learn about the history of the Spanish and Mexican presidios.This episode explores sea battles, invasions, and the armaments used during California's conquest and defense.Historian Michael R. Hardwick shares insights into powder supplies, Spanish cannons, and colonial history from 1769 to the Mexican War. In an interesting twist, Michael introduces also us to Spanish horticultural practices at the California missions.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, I delve into the often overlooked history of the Spanish Presidios in California with expert Michael Hardwick, author of Spanish Arms and Armaments of the Presidios in California. Michael shares his extensive research on Spanish military fortifications during the colonial period. We discuss the arms, armaments, and strategies of these garrisons, their role in supporting the missions, and their adaptation to coastal defenses. Michael also shares personal anecdotes from his years of archaeological work at Presidio sites and his exploration of historical records, providing a fascinating glimpse into California's early military history.00:00 Introduction to Spanish Presence in California00:36 Meet Michael Hardwick: Expert on Presidios03:17 Michael's Background and Work on the Presidio Project04:22 The Historical Significance of Presidios07:55 Uncovering the Foundations and Artifacts16:08 The Evolution and Role of Presidios22:06 The Armament and Defense Strategies31:14 The Legacy of Spanish Artillery40:26 Conclusion and Final ThoughtsPurchase Spanish Arms and Armaments of the Presidios in California or email Michael: [email protected]'s Book on Mission La PurísimaWatch on YouTubeSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Join me for another excerpt from Antonio Franco Coronel's memoirs, Tales of Mexican California. In this episode, we hear about the events of 1846, when the US military began its invasion and occupation of California. Coronel recounts Marine Captain Gillespie's heavy-handed rule in Los Angeles, local reactions to U.S. occupation, and the events leading to the (likely avoidable) revolt of the Pueblo of Los Angeles' residents against Gillespie and the U.S. occupiers. Antonio Coronel's account provides rich, firsthand insights into California's complex history during the Mexican-American War.00:00 Introduction to Antonio Franco Cordone's Memoirs01:10 Context of the Mexican-American War03:41 Captain Gillespie's Oppressive Rule07:50 The Revolt Against Gillespie15:35 The Siege and Surrender of Gillespie26:13 Conclusion and ReflectionsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Tales of Mexican California: Antonio Coronel's Memoirs - Part 2To hear Part 1, go to Episode 065.In this episode of the California Frontier Podcast, Damian Bacich continues exploring the memoirs of Antonio Franco Coronel. Coronel's account provides a riveting look into his experiences as a Superior Court Judge in Mexican California during the 1840s, a time marked by political instability and frequent criminal conduct by soldiers. The memoir sheds light on key historical moments, including the failed colonization efforts, the uprising against Governor Manuel Micheltorena, and the early signs of American annexation. Coronel's detailed recounting of robberies and kidnappings from New Mexico and his interactions with notable figures like Pio Pico, Jose Castro, and John Sutter offer valuable insights into a tumultuous period in California history.00:00 Introduction to Antonio Franco Coronel's Memoirs00:21 Arrival and Early Challenges in Alta California01:36 Political Instability and New Governance03:34 The Crimes of the Permanent California Battalion 05:25 The Great Robbery at Don Vicente Sanchez's House12:13 Banditry and Contraband on the Old Spanish Trail13:18 The Case of the Stolen Turkeys20:52 Rebellion Against Governor Micheltorena25:17 Failed Negotiations and Micheltorena's Dilemma30:16 Conclusion and Reflections on Coronel's MemoirsPurchase a copy of Tales of Mexican California. Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In the second half of my interview with Father Paul Mark Swan, Abbot of the Abbey of New Clairvaux, we find out about the journey of a medieval Spanish monastery, brought to San Francisco by William Randolph Hearst, and later reassembled in Vina, California. Fr. Paul describes the meticulous process of restoring the Romanesque-Gothic church, as well as the architectural experts and stonemasons who made it possible. We also hear about the monastery's successful venture into the California wine industry and how you can visit and appreciate this unique California location. 00:00 Introduction and Recap01:25 The Journey of the Stones03:20 Restoration Efforts and Challenges09:35 Rebuilding the Church23:09 The Winery and Self-Support28:40 Visiting the Monastery32:40 Conclusion and SupportThe Abbey of New Clairvaux's WebsiteSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Part 1 of this interview explores the rich history of the Abbey of New Clairvaux, a Roman Catholic monastery in Vina, California. The abbey is rooted in the Benedictine tradition, a monastic lifestyle that began over 1,500 years ago. Abbot Fr. Paul Mark Schwan shares how through the monastery, medieval European monasticism intersected with U.S. westward expansion, touching upon historical figures like William Randolph Hearst and Leland Stanford, and the early years of the California wine industry. We learn about the abbey's foundation in 1955 by monks from Gethsemane Abbey in Kentucky, as well as the extensive history of the Vina location itself, which was once home to Native American tribes and later became an important site for prominent historical figures in California. The discussion also delves into the medieval stone church purchased by William Randolph Hearst, and its journey to California from Spain. Tune in to discover how these stones connect with present-day Golden Gate Park and their ultimate fate.00:00 Introduction to the Abbey of New Clairvaux00:31 Meeting the Monks and Learning the History01:23 The Monastic Life and Its Origins06:25 Founding of New Clairvaux08:12 The Location and Its Historical Significance10:18 The Property's Previous Owners16:16 Leland Stanford's Vision and Challenges26:20 William Randolph Hearst and the Ovila Monastery33:31 Conclusion and Segue to Part 2The Abbey of New Clairvaux's WebsiteSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 2 of my conversation with author James Tejani, we delve into the Civil War's role in shaping California's economic and political landscape. The discussion highlights the transformation of California from the Gold Rush period to an industrial powerhouse in the late 19th century, emphasizing the importance of the transcontinental railroad. James explores the divisive debates in Congress about where the railroad would be placed, spotlighting California's critical position. We also cover California's strategic importance during the Civil War, the role of the LDS Church, Native American interactions, and the parallel between U.S. imperial ambitions and the earlier Spanish Empire's transpacific project. 00:00 Introduction: The Civil War's Impact on California00:38 Railroads and the Civil War01:26 California's Role in the Civil War02:14 The Pacific Railroad Controversy05:40 San Pedro Bay and the Civil War06:50 The Civil War's Broader Implications15:15 Native Americans, Mormons, and the Civil War22:16 California's Transformation Post-Civil War31:26 Reflections on California's History34:35 Conclusion and Future ProjectsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 1, we sit down with author James Tejani to discuss his book, A Machine to Move Ocean and Earth: The Making of the Port of Los Angeles and America. The conversation delves into the historical context of the Gold Rush, demographic shifts in California, and the significant roles played by individuals like Edward Ord and Manuel Dominguez. We also explore the impact of federal scientific initiatives, the Coast Survey, and political patronage systems on the development of the port. Tejani ties these elements to broader themes like U.S. imperial expansion and the interface between science and politics.00:36 Introduction and Guest Welcome01:06 Author's Background and Early Influences04:15 The Significance of the Port of Los Angeles08:30 Key Figures in the Port's History09:26 The Ord-Dominguez Relationship20:28 Political and Economic Context26:03 Science and Politics Intersect32:54 Conclusion and Teaser for Part TwoGet the book: A Machine to Move Ocean and Earth: The Making of the Port of Los Angeles and AmericaSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

A quick message of thanks at the end of 2024 from the California Frontier Project.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In the first episode of this series, we explore the memoirs of Antonio Franco Coronel, a significant figure in Southern California's Mexican past.  Coronel takes us through his reminiscences of the struggles the controversial Híjar-Padrés Colony faced in early California. He describes the hardships encountered by the colonists, the betrayal by Don Mariano Vallejo's troops, and the political tensions between Mexican leaders over California's future. Coronel's narrative also offers a different perspective on the controversial secularization of missions and the role of the colonists in California's development. 00:00 Introduction to Antonio Franco Coronel's Memoirs01:38 Who Was Antonio Coronel?02:44 Coronel's Early Life and Journey to California05:01 The Colonization Efforts and Challenges08:26 The Journey to Monterey and Sonoma12:21 Struggles and Dissolution of the Colony18:18 Reflections on the Mission Secularization20:51 Conclusion and Next StepsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, we conclude the story of Fr. José María del Real. We cover the U.S. annexation and occupation of California and the tensions between new American settlers and the local population. We delve into Father Real's efforts to accommodate new immigrants, his rumored illegal sales of mission property, and his eventual departure from the mission. We also highlight Fr. Real's involvement in discovering a mercury mine and his life after leaving Alta California.00:00 Overiew of Prior Episodes01:47 The Arrival of American Settlers in California04:15 Tensions Between Immigrants and Native Californians07:36 Religious and Social Conflicts14:12 Father Real's Involvement in Local Developments20:19 The Catholic Church in California: A New Era20:42 Bishop Joseph Alemany: A New Leader21:32 Challenges and Changes: The Arrival of the Jesuits23:21 The Controversial Transfer of Mission Santa Clara26:05 Disputes and Legal Battles Over Mission Property31:06 Father Real's Departure and Final Days37:18 Legacy and Reflections on Father Real's LifeSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, we delve further into the life and challenges faced by Fr. José María Suárez del Real, the last Franciscan missionary at Mission Santa Clara.  The episode recounts Father Real's advocacy for the native people, his disputes with local elites, and the hardships he endured, including the occupation by militia troops. The narrative also touches upon the broader political struggles in Alta California, including the rise of local Californio leaders and the influence of American settlers leading up to the Mexican-American War.00:00 Introduction and Recap00:20 Challenges of Secularization01:16 Mission Indians' Struggles02:38 Father Real's Advocacy04:06 Political Turmoil and Land Disputes07:12 American Influence and Rebellion11:17 Father Rael's Later Years19:45 The Catholic Church's Struggles22:50 New ImmigrantsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, we delve into the life and legacy of Father José María Suárez del Real, a Mexican Franciscan missionary in 1840s California. Through anecdotes and historical context, we explore his role during the mission secularization period, his challenges in Alta California, and his impact on the local communities and California history. The episode sheds light on a tumultuous era of California's past, often overlooked in simplified historical narratives. Tune in to better understand this critical period in California history.00:00 Introduction to Father Real01:02 Complexities of California History02:27 Introducing Father Jose María Suárez del Real04:05 Arrival of the Franciscan Missionaries05:32 Challenges Faced by the Missionaries08:58 Secularization of the Missions11:38 Struggles and Adaptations18:35 Conclusion and Further Insights19:06 Support and ResourcesSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 2 of our conversation, we delve into the 1775 sacking of Mission San Diego de Alcalá, a pivotal event in California's history. Richard's detailed research challenges mainstream historical accounts and highlights the specific involvement of the Tipai subgroup of the Kumeyaay people in the attack. Richard discusses the complex motives behind the sacking, including religious conflicts, cultural grievances, and retribution for abuses by Spanish soldiers. We also explore the nuanced aftermath of the event, the Spanish military's response, and the broader implications for Spanish-Kumeyaay relations. This episode offers a deep dive into the anthropology and ethnohistory of the Kumeyaay, providing a richer understanding of their complex relationship with the Spanish, Mexican and U.S. governments. 00:00 Introduction to the 1775 Sacking of Mission San Diego00:57 Excavation and Historical Research02:32 Anthropological Insights and Clan Dynamics04:46 Motives Behind the Attack05:34 Aftermath and Spanish Military Response11:56 Cultural and Religious Implications31:27 Long-term Effects and Legacy44:43 Modern Reflections and Career AdviceSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 1 of this interview, I speak with archeologist Richard Carrico, a prominent expert on the Native peoples of California, especially those in the San Diego area. Carrico shares his intriguing journey into archaeology, beginning with his service in the U.S. Army and a twist of fate that led him to discover his passion for archaeological studies. Richard details his educational path and various pivotal excavations, including working on the Presidio of San Diego and the Bancroft Ranch House. Carrico emphasizes the importance of understanding Native cultures, highlighting his ethnographic studies and collaboration with the Kumeyaay people of Southern California. This episode is a rich exploration of historical archaeology and the stories that shape our understanding of Native Californian history.Richard's book: Strangers in a Stolen Land: Indians of San Diego County from Prehistory to the New Deal00:29 Introduction to Richard Carrico01:18 Richard's Journey into Archaeology02:35 Early Career and Mentorship05:01 Professional Growth and Historic Archaeology07:25 Transition to Commercial Archaeology09:45 Balancing Academic and Commercial Work17:59 Focus on Kumeyaay People and Ethnography26:02 Challenges and Diplomatic SkillsSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

This solo episode explores how two ambitious foreigners, one a Scotsman and the other an American, navigated life in Mexican California during the 1830s and 1840s. Though both shared a common language and elite backgrounds, their approaches to Californio society couldn’t have been more different. One embraced the culture, marrying into a prominent local family and becoming a trusted insider; the other kept his distance, building wealth and connections among fellow Americans while remaining aloof from his Californio neighbors. As California’s fate shifted with the U.S.-Mexico War and the Gold Rush, these contrasting strategies had lasting consequences. Their stories offer a window into the opportunities and tensions in a society on the brink of transformation, as outsiders either integrated into or clashed with a tightly woven world of family and alliances.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 2 of my interview with Eric Plunkett about early explorations of California, we begin with the shipwreck of the San Agustin in 1595 at Drake's Bay, recognized as California's first shipwreck. Eric goes on to discuss Pedro de Unamuno's overland incursion in 1587, which included the first recorded conflict with native people in California. We then explore the extensive and officially sanctioned expeditions of explorers like Sebastián Vizcaíno, who mapped much of the California coast and named several well-known places. The episode highlights California's early role in global trade routes and its significant connections with Asian markets. Through these stories, you will gain a new perspective on California's place in the broader context of world history.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

Join host Damian Bacich and guest Eric Plunkett as they dive into the fascinating early maritime history of California. Plunkett reveals surprising details about Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo's 1542 expedition, including his connection to Cortez and the fall of Tenochtitlan. Learn how Cabrillo documented Chumash village names that remained unchanged for centuries and how Native American trade networks helped Spanish explorers communicate across vast distances. Discover lesser-known stories of the Manila Galleons, shipwrecks, and a possible "California Cabeza de Vaca" - a Spanish pilot who may have walked from Northern California back to Mexico City in the 1580s. This episode challenges common assumptions about early California history and reveals the complex web of exploration, trade, and cultural exchange that shaped the region long before the mission era. Eric Plunkett is a historian based in San Juan Capistrano specializing in early California exploration and indigenous history.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 2 of my interview with Helena Hazleton, Museum Director at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, we discuss its later history and some features that make it stand out among missions.Main topics of Part 2: The mission's unique architecture, including its distinctive dome and lavanderíaRare Spanish colonial artworks, some with surprising originsJean Baptiste Charbonneau, son of Sacagawea, and his role at the missionHow Mexican and Irish Franciscans worked to restore the mission Connections to Aztec and Maya art and the mission's adaptation to frontier lifeThe historic mission cemeteryAfter listening to this episode, I'm sure you will want to visit the King of the Missions.For more information:Mission San Luis Rey de FranciaSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, I interview art historian Helena Hazleton, Director of the Museum at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia in Oceanside, California. In this captivating conversation, Helena shares her expertise on one of the largest and most productive California missions.Main topics of Part 1:- The unique history and founding of Mission San Luis Rey in 1798- How the mission survived the devastating 1812 earthquake- The story of Father Antonio Peyri and his influence on the mission's success- The remarkable tale of Pablo Tac, a young Luiseño who wrote a grammar of his native language- The mission's decline during Mexican rule and its abandonment- Abraham Lincoln's role in returning the mission lands to the Catholic ChurchHelena provides fascinating insights into the mission's architecture, its relationship with local indigenous peoples, and its place in California history. This interview offers a wealth of knowledge about one of the state's most important historical sites.For more information:Mission San Luis Rey de FranciaSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

We've published 50 episodes and it is time to check in about where the California Frontier Project is going.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 2 of this interview, author Jeremy Beer discusses his new book Beyond the Devil's Road: Francisco Garcés and the Spanish Encounter with the American Southwest. Beer delves into the life and legacy of Franciscan friar Francisco Garcés, a key figure in early Spanish exploration and missionary work in the American Southwest during the late 18th century.Key topics covered:• The significance of the "Devil's Road" in Spanish exploration• Garcés' unique approach to missionary work and his relationships with Native peoples• The complex web of relationships between Spanish missionaries, Native leaders, and colonial authorities• The tragic events at Yuma in 1781 that ended Spanish expansion in the region• Garcés' lasting impact on the settlement of California and ethnological understanding of Native groupsBeer offers a nuanced perspective on this pivotal period in American history, highlighting both the triumphs and challenges of cross-cultural encounters on the frontier. This interview provides valuable insights for anyone interested in the early history of the American Southwest, Spanish colonization, or Native American studies.Get the book: Beyond the Devil's Road by Jeremy Beer - Available now!Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

This is Part 1 of an interview with author Jeremy Beer about his new book Beyond the Devil's Road: Francisco Garcés and the Spanish Encounter with the American Southwest. We discuss the challenges and triumphs of Fray Francisco Garcés, a Franciscan Friar and lesser-known but remarkable explorer, and his extensive travels across one of North America's harshest environments. The interview sheds light on Garcés' unique contributions through a detailed narrative of his life and the historical context of Spanish missions in the U.S. Southwest. Learn about the research, the hardships, and the incredible journeys that marked this intriguing chapter of early American history.00:00 Introduction to the Interview01:39 Meet Jeremy Beer: Author of Beyond the Devil's Road05:12 The Life and Adventures of Father Francisco Garcés08:27 Exploring the Vast Territories of the American Southwest13:38 Challenges and Unique Contributions of Father Garcés17:12 The Rigorous Training of Spanish Missionaries22:27 The Spanish Frontier and Garcés' Role27:27 Connecting the Spanish Missions: Garcés' Expeditions32:29 Conclusion and Support for the ShowPurchase Beyond the Devil's RoadSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

This is the third and final installment exploring the recollections of Carlos N. Híjar, who came to Alta California from Mexico in 1834 at age eight. Key points include: Detailed description of wine and brandy production methods at the missions.Explanation of flour-making techniques using millstones.In-depth discussion of marriage customs among Californios, including: Selection of godparents before birthBaptism celebrationsArranged marriages between familiesThe betrothal process and living arrangementsWedding ceremonies and multi-day celebrationsWe finish with brief insights into the general character and lifestyle of Californios.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In this episode, we continue exploring the memoirs of Carlos N. Híjar, who came to Alta California as a young boy in 1834. The episode focuses on daily life in Alta California during the Spanish and Mexican eras, particularly in Santa Barbara. Key points include:1. Description of popular dances and songs, including details on how they were performed and celebrated.2. Insights into Catholic feast days and their importance in social life.3. Discussion of cattle roundups and rodeos at missions, including the process of slaughtering cattle for food.4. Explanation of washing customs among Californio women, including their use of native plants as soap substitutes.5. Information on the hide and tallow trade, which was crucial to the economy of Alta California.6. Details on the relationship between missions and individual rancho owners, including their business practices and treatment of Indian workers.Carlos' recollections provide a granular view of daily life in Alta California, helping us understand the mindset, customs, and economic activities of the Californios during this period.Make sure to listen to Part 1 of this series.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

The episode focuses on the recollections of Carlos N. Híjar, who arrived in Alta California in 1834 as a child. Híjar's memoir provides insights into daily life, customs, and entertainment in 1830s California.Key points covered include:Description of Californios' appearance, including long braided hair and distinctive hats.Details about clothing, horse riding, and gender roles.Observations on food. Description of the patron saint celebration in Santa Barbara, featuring bullfights and bear-bull fights.A detailed account of how bull and bear fights were conducted.Stay tuned for further episodes covering Carlos' memories of Rancho Era California.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

This episode explores the complex history of the Mexican-American War and its lasting impact on North America. In it, we cover:Spanish presence in North America and the formation of the United StatesThe Louisiana Purchase and its significanceTexas independence and annexation by the U.S.Tensions leading to war between the U.S. and MexicoKey battles and military campaigns, including: The capture of MonterreyThe Bear Flag Revolt in CaliforniaThe fall of Mexico CityThe Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and its termsThe Gadsden PurchaseLearn how this conflict reshaped borders and led to massive U.S. territorial gains, including California, New Mexico, and parts of several other states. Discover the complicated motivations behind the war and its long-lasting consequences for both nations.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In the second part of our interview, Dr. John Johnson, former Curator of Anthropology at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, delves deeper into the legacy and aftermath of the 1824 Chumash Uprising in California:- The long-term impacts of the uprising on California's history- Why most Chumash people returned to the missions after the revolt- The complex relationships between Native Americans, missionaries, and the Mexican government- Comparisons with other California mission uprisings- How modern Chumash people view and remember the uprising- Ongoing research and future projects related to early California historyDrawing from mission records, oral histories, and extensive archival research, Dr. Johnson provides a nuanced view of this pivotal event and its place in the broader context of California's colonial period.This interview offers valuable insights for history enthusiasts, students, and anyone interested in understanding the complexities of California's Native American history and the mission era.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In Part 1 of this fascinating interview, Dr. John Johnson, former Curator of Anthropology at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, provides an in-depth look at the Chumash Uprising of 1824 - the most important indigenous uprising in California history.Dr. Johnson, an expert on California's Native peoples, especially the Chumash Indians, shares his extensive research on this pivotal uprising that occurred exactly 200 years ago. He discusses:The historical context and conditions leading to the uprisingThe sequence of events at Missions Santa Ynez, La Purisima, and Santa BarbaraVarious perspectives on the causes, including those of missionaries, government officials, and the Chumash people themselvesThe aftermath and casualties of the uprisingThe cultural, economic, and political factors involvedDrawing from diverse sources, including archival records, oral histories and mission registers, Dr. Johnson offers a comprehensive and nuanced view of this important chapter in California's Native American history.Learn more:The Chumash: Native Americans of the California CoastSend a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

In today's interview, I am talking with archaeologist Jennifer Lucido.Jennifer has worked at several important historical sites in the Monterey area and has recently traced the genealogies of some of California's early poblador families. Her fascinating work has shed light on how their ethnic identities shifted as they arrived in a new territory.In our conversation, we discuss the complex ethnic classifications of New Spain, how the frontier simplified them and how today's categories of nationality and race don't always match how people thought of themselves 200 years ago.We also delve into the role of social mobility and class consciousness in Spanish and Mexican California.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

It is summer and time for a short update on the show.Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]

The Bear Flag Revolt is one of the central episodes in the events leading to the U.S. annexation of California. In June of 1846, a group of Americans took over the Mexican Pueblo of Sonoma and declared a new “California Republic.” This is the story of their uprising.Episode transcript: https://www.californiafrontier.net/bear-flag-revolt/Recommended Reading:Book: Neal Harlow, California Conquered: The Annexation of a Mexican Province, 1846-1850Book: Alan Rosenus, General Vallejo and the Advent of the AmericansBook: Kevin Starr, California: A History (Modern Library Chronicles)Send a Comment.Support the showGive a one-time donationLearn more about the California Frontier Project:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramFacebookContact:[email protected]