JAMA Health Forum Conversations

There can be no health care system without an adequate supply of well-educated nurses. Linda H. Aiken, PhD, of the University of Pennsylvania joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the distinction between a supply problem and a deployment and retention problem and their direct policy implications. Related Content: Policy Approaches to Ensuring an Adequate Nursing Workforce in Coming Decades

The US's aging population is reshaping health policy, care models, and workforce demands. This episode examines the structural challenges and urgent innovations required for long-term care as JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, talks with Harvard's David Grabowski, PhD, a leading expert in aging policy. Related Content: The Implications of Population Aging for Health Policy and Health Services Research

The 2022 Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization decision had consequences for access to abortion in the US, resulting in near-total abortion bans in effect in more than a dozen states. Diana Foster, PhD, of the University of California, San Francisco, joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the impact of the Dobbs decision and role of science in documenting reproductive health in the coming years. Related Content: Science Bearing Witness in the Post-Dobbs Era

Heidi Allen, MSW, PhD, from Columbia University discusses policy shifts that may reshape healthcare for millions in the US with JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief and "The Year We Lost Medicaid" author Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH. Related Content: The Year We Lost Medicaid

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools in health care and public health can bring efficiency and new approaches that might improve health. These tools may also have implications for health equity. Kevin Johnson, MD, MS, of the University of Pennsylvania joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the opportunities and challenges of AI in health care and public health. Related Content: Keeping Health Equity at the Forefront of the Artificial Intelligence Revolution in Medicine and Health

How do we better deploy market-based solutions to improve health care in the US? Lanhee Chen, PhD, of Stanford University joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss how market-based approaches can complement public strategies to create a health care system that is more adaptive, responsive, and fiscally sustainable. Related Content: A Role for Market Forces in US Health Care—Principles and Guardrails

Pharmaceuticals are a central—and costly—element of the US health care system. Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH, of Brigham and Women's Hospital joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the challenge and opportunity of delivering affordable drugs to as many people as possible. Related Content: In Search of Pharmaceutical Policy Innovation in the US

Historically, there has been less focus on primary care than on specialist care in US health care. What are the challenges and opportunities in primary care today? What might it look like in the coming decades? Robert Phillips, MD, MSPH, of The American Board of Family Medicine joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the future of primary care in the US. Related Content: Back to the Future of Primary Care

There is abundant evidence that sexual minority groups have worse health indicators than sexual majority groups. Gilbert Gonzales, PhD, MHA, of Vanderbilt University Medical Center joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the current policy landscape and its potential impact on the health of LGBTQ+ populations. Related Content: Health Implications of Recent Policy Changes Affecting LGBTQ+ Populations

Both sex- and gender-based factors influence the health of women. A fully realized population health agenda needs to center women's health as an area of conceptual and pragmatic focus. Rosa M Gonzalez-Guarda, PhD, MPH, RN, joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss women's health, inequities, and how women's many and different identities shape their health. Related Content: The Consequences of Selective Defunding of Health-Relevant Research Areas

About 1 in 5 adults in the US live with a mental health condition. In 2023, approximately 32% of US adults reported symptoms of depression and anxiety. Ruth Shim, MD, MPH, of the University of California, Davis, joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss how national policy can better support mental health in the US. Related Content: Toward a Strategy to Improve National Mental Health

The second Trump administration launched several actions in 2025 that directly affect the health of populations. Sara Bleich, PhD, of Harvard Chan School of Public Health joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the nonhealth policies that may matter most to health and warrant ever-more attention, particularly in a moment of policy turbulence. Related Content: The Health Consequences of Nonhealth Policies in a Time of Policy Disruption

The evolution of artificial intelligence technology has outstripped most health policy oversight in the US. Michelle M. Mello, JD, PhD, Professor of Law and Professor of Health Policy at Stanford University, discusses this and more with JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH. Related Content: Inaction on Artificial Intelligence Regulation in a Time of Upheaval

The US is an outlier in health system performance, spending more than other peer countries while performing worse. US economist David Cutler, who is the Otto Eckstein Professor of Applied Economics at Harvard University, discusses this and more with JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH. Related Content: On Making US Health Care Great and Affordable

Increased health insurance coverage in the US has had a broad range of positive impacts on US health, including increases in preventive care and better chronic disease management. Larry Levitt, MPP, of KFF joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss challenges facing US health insurance coverage today. Related Content: The Ongoing, and Heightened, Threat to Health Insurance Coverage in the US A Backlash Against Health Insurers, Redux

The first months of the Trump administration have been marked by a flurry of actions, many that have affected agencies directly related to health domestically and globally. Joshua M. Sharfstein, MD, of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss the contemporary threats to the health of the American public. Related Content: The Potential Consequences of Disinvestment in Health in the US

US withdrawal from the World Health Organization will have significant implications for global health. Lawrence Gostin, JD, JAMA Legal and Global Health Correspondent and Faculty Director of the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University, joins JAMA Health Forum Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, to discuss global health in an era of new uncertainty. Related Content: The US, the World Health Organization, and the Global Health Infrastructure

Incoming Editor in Chief Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, discusses the journal and the state of health policy with Deputy Editor Julie Donohue, PhD, and Senior Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD. Related Content: JAMA Health Forum: Meet the Editor in Chief, Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH JAMA Health Forum—Paving the Way for the Future of Health Policy Science and Scholarship

Founding Editor in Chief John Ayanian, MD, MPP, reflects on the origins and the highlights of the journal's first 5 years, including seminal publications, the journal's current No. 1 slot in the rankings, and the amazingly collegial editorial team, with JAMA Health Forum founding Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD. Related Content: Reflections on the First 5 Years of JAMA Health Forum

Research shows that Tobacco 21 (T21) policies with a minimum legal age to purchase tobacco products of 21 years reduce youth smoking, yet their potential long-term impact varies across US states. Jamie Tam, MPH, PhD, of the Yale University School of Public Health discusses these findings with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD. Related Content: US Tobacco 21 Policies and Potential Mortality Reductions by State

Extreme heat in the US led to deaths and hospital admissions among community-dwelling older adults with low incomes. Hyunjee Kim, PhD, of the Oregon Health & Science University, and Jose F. Figueroa, MD, MPH, of Harvard University, discuss these findings with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD. Related Content: Heat Waves and Adverse Health Events Among Dually Eligible Individuals 65 Years and Older The Alarming Risks for Dually Eligible Beneficiaries During Heat Waves

The use of care by patients of physicians considered more altruistic differs from the use of care of physicians considered less. Lawrence P. Casalino, MD, PhD, MPH, of Weill Cornell Medicine, discusses his work around this with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD. Related Content: Physician Altruism and Spending, Hospital Admissions, and Emergency Department Visits

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, spoke with Sherry Glied, PhD, and Dong Ding, MA, MPA, of New York University, about the effects of participation in health care savings accounts. Participation in flexible spending accounts is linked to higher health care and tax expenditures, while health care savings accounts do not reduce expenditures. Related Content: Health Care–Related Savings Accounts, Health Care Expenditures, and Tax Expenditures

AcademyHealth CEO Aaron Carroll, MD, MS, shares highlights from the AcademyHealth 2024 Annual Research Meeting in an interview hosted by JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD. John and Melinda then discuss key findings from 4 highly rated abstracts presented at the meeting that were published concurrently as Original Investigations in JAMA Health Forum. Related Content: Coverage and Access Changes During Medicaid Unwinding Changes in Health Care and Prescription Medication Affordability in the US During the COVID-19 Pandemic Household Health Care Payments Under Rate Setting, Spending Growth Target, and Single-Payer Policies Pay-for-Performance Incentives for Home Dialysis Use and Kidney Transplant JAMA Health Forum Highlights From the AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting

More than 50 million adults in the US are eligible to vote but not registered. Alister F. Martin, MD, MPP, of Harvard University, and Katherine McCabe, PhD, of Rutgers University speak with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, about a program to register new voters in health care settings that has enrolled younger and racially and ethnically diverse adults. Related Content: Increasing Voter Participation Through Health Care–Based Voter Registration

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, speaks with Kelsey M. Owsley, PhD, of the University of Arkansas, and Sayeh Nikay, PhD, MPH, of the University of Minnesota, about how the 340B drug discount program influences the services offered by public and nonprofit hospitals. They also discuss new state policies and proposed federal policies to promote greater transparency and accountability in the 340B program. Related Content: US Hospital Service Availability and New 340B Program Participation Public Hospitals May Use the 340B Program Differently Than Nonprofit Hospitals

Benjamin D. Sommers, MD, PhD, of Harvard University, speaks with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, about differences in Medicaid enrollment as measured in surveys and administrative data. These differences have implications for estimating coverage now that the federal policy of continuous Medicaid eligibility during the COVID-19 pandemic has ended. Related Content: Survey-Reported Coverage in 2019-2022 and Implications for Unwinding Medicaid Continuous Eligibility

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, speak with Rachel A. Prusynski, DPT, PhD, of the University of Washington about differences in the use and outcomes of home health services provided to beneficiaries in traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage. Related Content: Differences in Home Health Services and Outcomes Between Traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major disruptions in ambulatory care. In this interview with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, Rishi K. Wadhera, MD, MPP, MPhil, of Harvard Medical School discusses how access to care and preventive services changed for different racial and ethnic groups in the US from 2019 to 2022. Related Content: Changes in Health Care Access and Preventive Health Screenings by Race and Ethnicity

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, speak with Lindsay D. Allen, PhD, about how setting-specific opioid prescription duration limits helped reduce opioid overuse in West Virginia. Related Content: Opioid Prescribing Patterns After Imposition of Setting-Specific Limits on Prescription Duration

Smoking remains a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the US. Rafael Meza, PhD, of the British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, discusses recent trends in smoking by US adults across different age and income groups in this interview with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD. Related Content: Trends in US Adult Smoking Prevalence, 2011 to 2022

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, speak with Ge Bai, PhD, CPA, author of Pharmacy Benefit Managers: History, Business Practices, Economics, and Policy, about how pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) have evolved in recent decades to play a central role in the US prescription drug market, including the benefits and policy challenges that PBMs present in this market. Related Content: Pharmacy Benefit Managers

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, spoke with Heather Taylor, MD, from Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, about the costs of untreated mental illness in the state of Indiana. Considering a wide set of direct and indirect costs, her team estimated the cost to Indiana is over $4 Billon per year. Related Content: Economic Burden Associated With Untreated Mental Illness in Indiana

In this interview, JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, explore with Erin K. McCreary, PharmD, and Atheendar S. Venkataramani, MD, PhD, how a large regional health system used a weighted lottery and intensive outreach to provide high-risk individuals in disadvantaged communities more equitable access to scarce monoclonal antibodies for preventing COVID-19. Related Content: Weighted Lottery to Equitably Allocate Scarce Supply of COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody Moving Beyond Intent and Realizing Health Equity

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, discuss with Sandra B. Nelson, MD (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston), her JAMA Health Forum study of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in schools in Massachusetts during 2 different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. She found transmission rates were very low but varied by district and the availability of vaccines. Related Content: Prevalence and Risk Factors for School-Associated Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Associate Editor Julie Donohue, PhD, speak with Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH, and Genevieve P. Kanter, PhD, about the role of advisory committees convened by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to guide its decisions on whether to approve new prescription drugs. They also consider how the FDA has responded to recommendations from these advisory committees over the past decade. Related Content: Association of Advisory Committee Votes With US Food and Drug Administration Decision-Making on Prescription Drugs, 2010-2021 The Real Question the FDA Is Asking Its Advisory Committees

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, talk with Anne N. Thorndike, MD, MPH, about the challenge of connecting Medicaid Accountable Care Organization (ACO) members with flexible benefits to address food and housing insecurity issues. Dr Thorndike and colleagues used a mixed-methods approach to conduct this evaluation of the implementation of a novel program in an ACO in Massachusetts. Related Content: Assessment of the Massachusetts Flexible Services Program to Address Food and Housing Insecurity in a Medicaid Accountable Care Organization

JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, discuss with Brystana G. Kaufman, PhD, Duke Margolis Center for Health Policy, how health care use and spending differ for individuals residing in the community or nursing homes who are dually eligible for Medicare and Medicaid. They also explore the potential value of more tailored approaches to integrating benefits covered by these 2 public insurance programs. Related Content: Health Care Use and Spending Among Need-Based Subgroups of Medicare Beneficiaries With Full Medicaid Benefits

In this interview, JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, speak with Megan B. Cole, PhD, MPH, about changes in performance measures and use of ambulatory services provided by federally qualified health centers in the US during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Related Content: Changes in Performance Measures and Service Volume at US Federally Qualified Health Centers During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Adjusting quality measurements and payments for health care services to reflect the social as well as clinical risk factors of patients is controversial. JAMA Health Forum Editor John Z. Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda B. Buntin, PhD, discuss a structured approach that can be used to make decisions about social risk factor adjustment in Medicare with Yale's Kasia J. Lipska, MD. Related Content: Adjustment for Social Risk Factors in a Measure of Clinician Quality Assessing Acute Admissions for Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions

In this interview, JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, speak with David A. Hyman, JD, MD, about the role of paid malpractice claims in the past as a predictor of future paid malpractice claims, including how this link applies to lower-risk and higher-risk medical specialties. Related Content: Association of Past and Future Paid Medical Malpractice Claims

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted health care in many domains, including mental health services. JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, discuss with Ryan K. McBain, PhD, MPH, of RAND Corporation how the use of mental health care—both in-person and telehealth visits—changed for commercially insured adults during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Related Content: Mental Health Service Utilization Rates Among Commercially Insured Adults in the US During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Medicare spending growth per beneficiary has been historically low since the passage of the Affordable Care Act in 2010. JAMA Health Forum Deputy Editor Melinda B. Buntin, PhD, of Vanderbilt University, speaks with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Associate Editor Zirui Song, MD, PhD, about the factors that explain this slowdown in Medicare spending and the implications for policy makers, physicians, and Medicare beneficiaries. Related Content: Trends in and Factors Contributing to the Slowdown in Medicare Spending Growth, 2007-2018

In this conversation with Zoe Bouchelle, MD, of the University of Pennsylvania, JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, discuss the magnitude of the increase in food insufficiency among US households following the discontinuation of the COVID-19 pandemic–related monthly child tax credit payments. Related Content: Food Insufficiency Following Discontinuation of Monthly Child Tax Credit Payments Among Lower-Income US Households

Authors Andrew Feher, PhD, of Covered California, and Adrianna McIntyre, PhD, MPP, MPH, of Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, speak with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, about research on the best ways to help people losing Medicaid coverage to enroll in health insurance Marketplace plans so they do not become uninsured. Related Content: Effect of Personalized Outreach on Medicaid to Marketplace Coverage Transitions Evidence-Based Outreach Strategies for Minimizing Coverage Loss During Unwinding

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, most states approved temporary regulatory changes so out-of-state physicians could provide telemedicine services to residents. Ateev Mehrotra, MD, of Harvard Medical School, and Chad Ellimoottil, MD, MS, of the University of Michigan, speak with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Ayanian, MD, and Deputy Editor Melinda Buntin, PhD, about the features of telemedicine visits provided for Medicare beneficiaries across state borders during the first year of the pandemic and potential policy changes that would enable such visits to continue.   Related Content: Receipt of Out-of-State Telemedicine Visits Among Medicare Beneficiaries During the COVID-19 Pandemic Takeaways From 2 Key Studies on Interstate Telehealth Use Among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries

President Biden has signed into law the Inflation Reduction Act containing important provisions related to prescription drug costs. JAMA Health Forum Editor John Z. Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda B. Buntin, PhD, discuss the effects of these provisions on patients with Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH, of Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital. Related Content: New Reforms to Prescription Drug Pricing in the US Estimating Rebates and Other Discounts Received by Medicare Part D Estimation of the Share of Net Expenditures on Insulin Captured by US Manufacturers, Wholesalers, Pharmacy Benefit Managers, Pharmacies, and Health Plans From 2014 to 2018 Spending by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Before and After Confirmation of Benefit for Drugs Granted US Food and Drug Administration Accelerated Approval, 2012 to 2017 Improving Prescription Drug Affordability Through Regulatory Action

Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico in 2017 was one of the most costly and catastrophic storms in US history. In this podcast, Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez, PhD, of Brown University speaks about her study of migration and mortality among patients with kidney failure requiring dialysis in Puerto Rico before and after Hurricane Maria with JAMA Health Forum Editor John Z. Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Deputy Editor Melinda B. Buntin, PhD. Related Content: Changes in Migration and Mortality Among Patients With Kidney Failure in Puerto Rico After Hurricane Maria

Rishi K. Wadhera, MD, MPP, MPhil, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, discusses his article investigating the association of the Medicare Hospital Value-Based Purchasing program with changes in patient care experience at safety-net vs non–safety-net hospitals with JAMA Health Forum editors John Z. Ayanian, MD, MPP, and Melinda B. Buntin, PhD. Related Content: Association of the Medicare Value-Based Purchasing Program With Changes in Patient Care Experience at Safety-net vs Non–Safety-net Hospitals

In July 2022, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, took on a new role as the 17th editor in chief of JAMA and the JAMA Network. In conversation with Nobel laureate Harold Varmus, MD, Bibbins-Domingo discusses her research background, approaches to leadership in health care, and the critical role that journals play in communication about public health and science. Related Content: The Urgency of Now and the Responsibility to Do More—My Commitment for JAMA and the JAMA Network A Conversation With Dr Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, JAMA's New Editor in Chief (video) A Conversation With Dr Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, JAMA's New Editor in Chief (audio)