JFK35 - A podcast by the JFK Library Foundation

The five freedoms protected by the First Amendment — religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition — are among the values America is best known for. NPR Senior Political Correspondent Tamara Keith joins us to discuss how these freedoms have shaped American democracy and how President Kennedy and other modern presidents have understood their importance.

The U.S. Constitution has served as the foundation of American democracy for nearly 250 years, guiding the nation through war, economic hardship, political upheaval, and profound change. In this episode of JFK35, historian Barbara Perry joins us to explore the Constitution's enduring importance and how presidents—including John F. Kennedy—have understood their oath to preserve, protect, and defend it.

President John F. Kennedy's connection to the sea shaped his life from an early age to the his time in the White House. In this episode, JFK Presidential Library Director Alan Price explores how the sea helped shape President Kennedy's life and presidency, while examining the vital role America's oceans and maritime history have played throughout the nation's 250-year story.

Two-hundred and fifty years after America's founders declared the United States free and independent from Great Britain, we look back at the choices they made to shape a new nation—and how their leadership influenced future presidents, including President John F. Kennedy. Award-winning presidential historian, fellow at New America, and bestselling author Alexis Coe joins us to explore America's earliest leaders, the challenges they faced, and how President Kennedy—and other presidents who followed—drew on their legacy.

As part of JFK35's America 250 season, former U.S. Archivist Colleen Shogan joins us to discuss In Pursuit, a new essay project that explores the lessons America's presidents and first ladies can offer as the nation marks its 250th anniversary. Together, we examine the importance of preserving history, the role of public memory in a democracy, and how understanding our past can help strengthen the future of the United States.

From a young woman's sketch of John F. Kennedy with a mustache to boxes of dog treats discovered in his Oval Office desk on the day he died, the JFK Presidential Library and Museum preserves artifacts that reveal personal, unexpected, and deeply human sides of history. In this episode, we speak with Supervisory Archivist Abbey Malangone and Museum Curator Janice Hodson about some revealing items from the Library's vast collections — from public tributes to everyday objects — and the stories they continue to tell about President Kennedy's life and legacy.

The JFK Library holds thousands of primary source treasures that bring history to life. In this episode, JFK Library Foundation Executive Director Rachel Flor takes us behind the scenes to explore the original records showing how Jacqueline Kennedy reimagined the White House as the People's House. We'll also hear the voice of one of President Kennedy's closest friends, preserved in an intimate oral history.

At the JFK Presidential Library and Museum, history isn't frozen behind glass — each artifact has its own story to tell. This episode, we talk with the JFK Library Foundation's Maggie Bramley about the museum items that continue to inspire her — from the Kennedy family bible to a commode gifted to the President and Mrs. Kennedy by French President Charles de Gaulle.

Lessons from a letter? JFK Presidential Library Education Director Suzi Fonda shares some of her favorite letters from children who picked up their pens urging President Kennedy to take action on Civil Rights.

In the first episode of our Staff Picks series, Library Director Alan Price highlights three artifacts that capture pivotal moments that shaped President John F. Kennedy's life. The coconut shell that carried his rescue message during World War II tells a story of courage and resilience, a letter from the surviving members of the Amagiri show how two bitter enemies can make peace, while Jacqueline Bouvier's wedding dress symbolizes a new chapter for the future president. Together, these pieces reveal how personal experiences shaped the leader we know today.

In this episode, we take a closer look at how President Kennedy viewed the social contract between the president and the American people with historian Fredrik Logevall. In particular, we'll look at how that played out for four segments of the population who had been historically marginalized in varying ways: African Americans, women, people with intellectual disabilities, and immigrants. This episode is the last of a four-part series taking a closer look at what made President John F. Kennedy a strong democratic leader, not as a leader of the Democratic Party, but as the leader of a modern democracy.

In this episode, we explore how President Kennedy's call to public service helped shape a generation of dedicated government leaders. His vision for a professional and expert-driven public sector laid the foundation for decades of democratic progress. Historian Fredrik Logevall joins us to reflect on the lasting impact of JFK's New Frontier. This episode is part three of a four-part series taking a closer look at what made President John F. Kennedy a strong democratic leader, not as a leader of the Democratic Party, but as the leader of a modern democracy.

In this episode, we look back at how President Kennedy understood the needs of his roles as a diplomat abroad and a strong negotiator at home. Historian Fredrik Logevall joins a conversation as we look at events that tested Kennnedy's skills as a negotiator. This episode is part two of a four-part series taking a closer look at what made President John F. Kennedy a strong democratic leader, not as a leader of the Democratic Party, but as the leader of a modern democracy.  

Democracy requires leaders who understand the responsibility they hold as elected leaders. In this episode, we will return to the speech President Kennedy made in Massachusetts, now referred to as the "City on a Hill" speech. Historian Fredrik Logevall joins a conversation that will look at the four specific qualities of leadership Kennedy highlighted as essential for a healthy democracy.  This episode is part one of a four-part series taking a closer look at what made President John F. Kennedy a strong democratic leader, not as a leader of the Democratic Party, but as the leader of a modern democracy.  

For more than 150 years, women have put their name forward to run in a presidential election. Of them, only three have made it on the ticket for a major party, and just two have made it to the top of the ticket. We discussed the history of women running for the top job with UMass-Boston Center for Women in Politics Director Laurie Nsiah-Jefferson and the state of the 2024 campaign with NPR political reporter Asma Khalid. This episode of JFK35 contains adult language that may not be appropriate for all listeners. Listener discretion is advised.

Presidential campaigns, from John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon in 1960 to today's candidates, have strategically sought endorsements from celebrities and social influencers. We'll look at the history of campaigns using pop culture and technology to create viral moments.

From the 1960 campaign to today, black and latino voices have played important roles in presidential campaigns. In this episode, we speak with Columbia Journalism School Dean Jelani Cobb and Lincoln Project Co-Founder Mike Madrid about how presidential campaigns have made special efforts to earn the vote of the nation's Black and Latino communities.

In 1968, President Lyndon B. Johnson told the nation he would not seek re-election as President. This year, President Joe Biden stepped down in the middle of the 2024 presidential campaign. In this episode, we speak with LBJ Foundation President and CEO Mark Updegrove along with presidential historian Alexis Coe about presidents who chose to "pass the baton" and the country's legacy of ensuring peaceful transitions between presidents for nearly 250 years.

In John F. Kennedy's Presidential Campaign, there were many concerns over the high costs of running for president. Still, the money required to run in 1960 is dwarfed by the expenses of today's presidential and congressional campaigns. Former Senator Russell Feingold, a chief architect of bipartisan campaign finance reform, discusses how our elections got to this point and how America can still untangle the mess of financing political campaigns.

For the first time in more than 40 years, a president was fired on and injured by an assassin's bullet. In this episode, we speak with presidential historian Alexis Coe about the history of violence against presidential candidates and author and writer Tom Nichols about how the country's intensely partisan politics have spurred violent acts across American communities.

Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy was the mother of a 20th century political dynasty. In this episode, we'll explore her history through the museum she helped create at the John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site and speak with historian Barbara Perry, author of Rose Kennedy: The Life and Times of a Political Matriarch.

This Earth Day, the JFK Library Foundation announced the Earthshot Innovation Challenge: Northeast U.S. Edition. The challenge is a $100,000 prize to ignite regional innovations to address climate change. Foundation Executive Director Rachel Flor discusses the award and when winner's will be announced.

In 1934, the National Archives and Records Administration was created to oversee the protection and dissemination of governmental and historic records of the United States. In this episode, we speak with the Dr. Colleen Shogan, the 11th Archivist of the United States.

The Hemingway Letters Project seeks to publish a comprehensive edition of the writer Ernest Hemingway's letters. In this episode, we talk with two of the project's editors, Verna Kale and Sandra Spanier, in advance of the publication of volume 6 of the series. We talk about the detective work they've done and how Hemingway's letters give a deeper understanding of the man.

What did President Kennedy think of the presidency himself? And what makes a president? In this episode, we hear from JFK himself and talk to historian Alexis Coe about her project at New America on the presidency, as well as her work as an historian.

On August 28, 1963, 250,000 people of different races, religions, and economic backgrounds convened on the nation's capital for the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. The man behind organizing the event – Bayard Rustin – is profiled in a new Oscar-nominated film "Rustin." In this episode, we speak with producers of the film, Tonia Davis and Bruce Cohen, and historian Dr. Clayborne Carson of Stanford University.

In February 1963, President Kennedy said, "A man may die, but an idea lives on." In this episode, we look at the legacy JFK left behind and how some are continuing the spirit of his work. We speak with NASA astronaut Victor Glover who represents the new generation of space explorers and is set to be the first black man to travel to the Moon. We also have a conversation with JFK Presidential Library Director Alan Price and JFK Library Foundation Executive Director Rachel Flor about their work preserving President Kennedy's legacy for generations to come.

President Kennedy's trip to Texas was meant to rally support for his programs and policies and lay groundwork for the 1964 election. But instead, something happened that changed the course of history: the president was assassinated. The world seemed to stop as John F. Kennedy's state funeral was arranged. This episode brings you into the White House in the aftermath of the assassination and historian Fredrik Logevall looks at the trip to Texas and how the country - and the world - mourned the president.

Sixty years after President Kennedy's administration, fewer than 1 in 5 people in the United States have a living memory of the President. But his legacy continues to live on in those generations that have come after him. In this episode, we speak with the next generation of leaders who will help carry the torch left by President Kennedy. This episode features interviews with Emily Cherniak, founder and executive director of New Politics, and two returning Peace Corps volunteers, Keevon Baten and Alejandra Garcia.

In 1963, President Kennedy came home to Ireland, the land of his ancestors. During that visit, he called upon the Irish to take their place among the world's peacemakers. In the decades that followed, Ireland would experience first hand the difficulty of peacemaking. Sixty years after Kennedy's visit, the country would live up to Kennedy's challenge as a global peacemaker. In this episode, Ireland Tánaiste Micheál Martin T.D. and Good Friday Agreement negotiator and JFK Profile in Courage honoree Monica McWilliams reflect on JFK's legacy in Ireland. New York University professor Marion Casey discusses Ireland's more recent connection in the White House with President Biden's election in 2020.

On the heels of his "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech, JFK traveled northward to Ireland, where his great-grandparents emigrated from in the 19th century. The first Irish Catholic president, JFK's visit was both meaningful for him personally and a rousing and significant event for the people of Ireland. We'll hear about the impact of his trip and speak with Dr. Catherine Healy, Historian-in-Residence at EPIC The Irish Emigration Museum, about JFK's travels in the country.

In the summer of 1963, JFK arrived in a divided Germany with the recent construction of the new Berlin Wall nearly two years earlier. President John F. Kennedy spent his entire administration in a "twilight struggle" with the Soviet Union including averting possible total war during the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. Historian Tim Naftali takes us from JFK's Presidential Campaign to his final foreign trip to West Berlin. The Atlantic staff writer and Cold War expert Tom Nichols explains how JFK's Cold War legacy has continued on through today.

In 1963, President Kennedy gave a speech at American University outlining "a strategy of peace" on how the two superpowers, the U.S. and Soviet Union, could back off the precipice of total nuclear annihilation. In this episode, we look back at the speech with historian Fredrik Logevall and people who were there on campus. We also interview former Secretary of Energy Dr. Ernest Moniz about JFK's legacy when it comes to nuclear arms and national security. We also look at JFK's other legacy of peace with an interview with the 21st Director of the Peace Corps Carol Spahn.

Black Americans, particularly in the South, were denied their right to vote, with poll taxes, voter ID laws, literacy tests, intimidation, and mob violence. By 1963, the Kennedy administration was prepared to act to expand the access to the vote, though Kennedy himself would not live to see the passage of the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act. This episode looks at where voting rights were in 1963, and at how the fight continues today as some states expand the franchise and others seek to restrict it, with interviews with Dr. Peniel Joseph the Barbara Jordan Chair in Ethics and Political Values, and Director of the Center for the Study of Race and Democracy at the University of Texas, Austin , and JaTaune Bosby Gilchrist, Executive Director of ACLU of Alabama.

In 1963, President Kennedy would make decisions that would reflect on his lasting legacy. It would also be a year that he would never complete after becoming the fourth sitting U.S. President to be assassinated on November 22, 1963. In this special series, we will look at some of the President's key trips and policy decisions from 1963 and how the legacy of those decisions continue to live on today. 

Since the Massachusetts Bay Colony was established, Boston has been described as a "city on a hill" or a city to be looked to as an example for others. President Kennedy drew from the same material when he left for Washington D.C. In this episode, we look back at some of Boston's notable mayors who left their mark on the original "city on a hill" including President Kennedy's grandfather, John Fitzgerald. We also look ahead to Boston's future under new mayor Michelle Wu.

President John F. Kennedy was the first president to take live televised questions from the press on a regular basis and he would provide the model for what would become the modern television presidency. In this episode, we'll take a look at Kennedy's relationship with the media at news conferences and have a conversation with members of today's White House press corps about how different presidents have approached their relationships with the press once in office.  

It has been 60 years since President John F. Kennedy signed the Equal Pay Act of 1963. In this episode, we'll hear how far the United States has come since Kennedy signed the landmark legislation, and just how far it still has to go in guaranteeing equal pay for equal work.

Sixty years ago, President John F. Kennedy passed the Equal Pay Act of 1963. It was one of the first federal anti-discrimination laws that dealt with wage discrimination on the basis of sex. While Kennedy was the man who signed the bill into law, it was only because of a women-led movement that the act became a reality.

The JFK Library plays an important role as a place where original documents, photographs, audio, film, and other artifacts from John F. Kennedy's presidency are preserved. While the pandemic interrupted some of the Library's normal activities, archivists used the time to reduce a large digital backlog of materials waiting to be published online. Archivists Stacey Chandler and Abbey Malangone provide an update from the archives it returns to post-pandemic operations.

Presidents' Day is a day to celebrate past presidents and American history. In this episode, we speak with two "living history interpreters" who have spent years portraying historical figures to the public. Audrey Stuck-Girard portrays Abigail Adams and other 18th century figures and Bill Barker portrays President Thomas Jefferson.

President Kennedy faced several major environmental threats during his presidency from the widespread use of dangerous chemicals in farming to private developers buying up pristine natural habitats. Award-winning author Douglas Brinkley discusses his new book, Silent Spring Revolution, about the woman who led the modern environmental movement influencing the Kennedy administration and others that came after. This episode also revisits a conversation with Cape Cod National Seashore superintendent Brian Carlstrom.

Sixty years after the Cuban Missile Crisis, today's world leaders can apply lessons learned to potential future nuclear crises. Former Obama Administration Deputy National Security Advisor Ben Rhodes, Executive Director of the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard University Alexandra Vacroux, and former Pulitzer-prize winning reporter and author Jonathan Kaufman discuss potential crises ahead and how the Cuban Missile Crisis's legacy remains relevant.

After the United States and Soviet Union survived the Cuban Missile Crisis and its immediate aftermath, the next steps for the two superpowers would be critical. This episode looks at Kennedy's "strategy of peace" speech at American University and the limited test ban treaty negotiated between Khrushchev and Kennedy, that some say saved the world a second time. It looks ahead at the positive and negative steps made towards Kennedy's vision of a world with fewer nuclear weapons and what challenges today's leaders face involving the spread of nuclear weapons.

John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev reached an agreement about the Cuban Missile Crisis on October 28, but the crisis wouldn't end there. Fidel Castro, angered by Nikita Khrushchev's decision, threatened a serious setback in the negotiations to remove all offensive weapons - including tactical nuclear weapons - from his country.

October 27, 1962, also known as "Black Saturday," was the most dangerous day of the Cuban Missile Crisis as events began to spiral out of control. With two contrasting messages from Chairman Khrushchev, President Kennedy had to find a way to resolve the crisis or risk a nuclear war. Outside of the White House, the crisis took a fatal turn and war was expected to break out at any moment.

By October 22, 1962, after days of long discussions with his advisors, President John F. Kennedy was ready to go public about the Soviet missiles in Cuba. His address to the American people laid out his plan to initiate a naval quarantine to prevent more Soviet ships and weapons from reaching Cuba. He also stressed the uncertainty and danger that lay in the days and months ahead. In Moscow, this announcement stunned and angered Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, who learned that his atomic gambit had failed. As the specter of a devastating nuclear war loomed larger than ever, the White House waited to see how the Soviets would react.

In the first few days of the Cuban Missile Crisis, President Kennedy and his advisors faced an extremely difficult choice on whether to attack Cuba, and how to do it without engulfing the world in a nuclear war. In this episode, you'll hear some of the conversations from the top secret meetings between Kennedy and his advisors as he considered his options. Meanwhile, the President would have to act in public as if nothing is going on to keep the Soviets from finding out what he knew until he was ready to make a decision. With the public still unaware, the President would face several challenges – including opposition from his top military advisors – as he decided what to do next.

From the moment President Kennedy took office, he warned the country about the dangers of nuclear weapons that could result in the deaths of millions. It would be his decisions and actions that would keep the country from the brink of total nuclear war. In the years leading up to the Cuban Missile Crisis, Kennedy would face a number of embarrassing failures in both Cuba and on the world stage with Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev. It would be partly these failures and other escalations that would embolden Khrushchev to embark on his Atomic Gambit.

On October 16, 1962, President John F. Kennedy was told the Soviet Union was assembling nuclear warheads on the island of Cuba, just 90 miles from the Florida coastline. Over the course of the next 13 days and beyond, President Kennedy and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev would make decisions in a crisis that brought the world closer to all-out nuclear war than it has ever been. Today, we continue to live with the historic legacy of the Cuban Missile Crisis and its lessons of leadership, diplomacy, and ultimately, grace under pressure. Atomic Gambit, a JFK35 podcast special series, takes a deep dive into the history, the players, and the pivotal moments that made this episode a turning point in world history. First episode premieres on October 13, 2022.