Making Sense

As Treasury yields stay elevated and spreads remain historically tight, rates appear to be bleeding directly into credit — and investors are increasingly viewing credit through a rates lens. In this episode of Making Sense, Brian LaRocca, head of Vida Portfolio Solutions, Americas, joins Benjamin Kinney, global head of Credit and Public Finance Sales, to discuss what a "ratesified" market structure means for price discovery, electronification and portfolio trading. They also explore how policy uncertainty may be better expressed in FX than duration, why AI/data-center financing is still in the early innings (and what that means for clearing prices and volatility) and how private credit is evolving after “SaaSPocalypse.”   To learn more about J.P. Morgan's Vida Portfolio Solutions: https://jpmm.com/portfolio-solutions    This episode was recorded on September 4, 2026.   This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures for important disclosures. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

Treasury is no longer a back-office function. As businesses navigate increasing complexity, it has become a strategic driver of resilience, decision-making and growth.   In this episode, Roxana Montazerian, EMEA Head of Broker Dealer and Specialty Finance Sales and Sara Castelhano, Head of UK, Europe & Canada Treasury Services discuss how treasury is evolving in response to changing business demands. They explore the growing role of technology, real-time data and AI, the skills treasury leaders need for the future and how organizations can transform treasury from an operational function into a source of strategic insight and competitive advantage.   Learn more at:  https://www.jpmorgan.com/payments/payments-emea   This episode was recorded on July 17, 2026.   ©2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. Deposits held in non-U.S. branches are not FDIC insured. Non-deposit products are not FDIC insured. All rights reserved. The statements herein are confidential and proprietary and not intended to be legally binding. Not all products and services are available in all geographical areas. Visit jpmorgan.com/paymentsdisclosure for further disclosures and disclaimers related to this content. This video-podcast/guide is confidential and proprietary to J.P. Morgan and is provided for your general information only. It is subject to change without notice and is not intended to be legally binding. Any services described in this video-podcast/guide are subject to applicable laws and regulations and service terms. Not all products and services are available in all locations. Eligibility for particular products and services will be determined by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or its affiliates. J.P. Morgan makes no representations as to the legal, regulatory, tax or accounting implications of the matters referred to herein. Any mentions of third-party trademarks, brand names, products and services are for referential purposes only and any mention thereof is not meant to imply any sponsorship, endorsement, or affiliation. J.P. Morgan and J.P. Morgan Payments are marketing names for certain businesses of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., organized under the laws of U.S.A. with limited liability. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan, its affiliates, or its employees. The information set forth herein has been obtained or derived from sources believed to be reliable. Neither the author nor J.P. Morgan makes any representations or warranties as to the information’s accuracy or completeness. The information contained herein has been provided solely for informational purposes and does not constitute an offer, solicitation, advice or recommendation, to make any investment decisions or purchase any financial instruments and may not be construed as such.

In this episode of J.P. Morgan's Making Sense, Meridy Cleary from the FICC Market Structure and Liquidity Strategy team sits down with Carlos Gomez-Gascón, head of EM Rates e-Trading, to explore how automation is reshaping emerging market rates trading. They unpack the key difference between electronification and true automation and discuss how automated pricing and workflows can improve speed, transparency and scalability across EM bonds, interest rate swaps and FX swaps. The conversation also covers regional market-structure nuances (including repo and futures market dynamics), the rise of systematic funds, behavior during volatility and how trading workflows evolve through benchmark reform transitions.   This episode was recorded on August 28, 2026.   The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of JPMorgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. They are not issued by Research but are a solicitation under CFTC Rule 1.71. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you, and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. The FICC market structure publications, or to one, newsletters, mentioned in this podcast are available for J.P. Morgan clients. Please contact your J.P. Morgan sales representative should you wish to receive these. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

2026 continues to be a record year for equity capital markets globally — and the tech issuance calendar isn't showing signs of slowing down. In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Eddie Byun, global head of Technology Equity Capital Markets (ECM), sits down with Jack Atherton, head of EMEA ECM Market Intelligence, to unpack what's driving this year's spike in activity, why investor demand is staying strong across blockbuster deals and how issuers are thinking about private versus public market access. They also explore two of the dominant narratives — AI and rates — that continue to shape markets into the second half of this year, share insights from recent mega deals on market depth and investor discipline and discuss what it all means as we head closer to year-end.   This episode was recorded on August 28, 2026.  This material was prepared by certain personnel of the investment banking group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide and not the firm’s research department. It is for informational purposes only, is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking, offer or solicitation by any JPMorgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity.   © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved. 

In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Gurps Kharaud, head of Equities, Structuring and Financing Digital Markets, sits down with Rui Fernandes, head of Global Structuring, to unpack how structuring is evolving in today’s markets. They discuss what clients are asking for (more leverage, financing, protection and tailored exposures), as well as the need to keep solutions as implementable as possible — in other words, innovate to simplify. The conversation also explores how AI is starting to accelerate speed-to-market, improve customization and enhance long-dated post-trade servicing across complex structured transactions.   To learn more about J.P. Morgan's Vida Portfolio Solutions: https://jpmm.com/portfolio-solutions    This episode was recorded on August 13, 2026.  This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures for important disclosures.   © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved. 

In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Michael Johnson, Security and Resiliency Initiative lead for Energy and the U.S. Government, sits down with Ben Wilson, Co-head of North American Mergers & Acquisitions, and Andrew Castaldo, Co-head of Mid-Cap Mergers & Acquisitions, to weigh in on the future of global supply chains. Over the course of the conversation, they cover critical mineral supply chains, manufacturing bottlenecks, and the shift from just-in-time to just-in-case inventory.   If you'd like to learn more, you can visit jpmorgan.com/sri. This episode was recorded on March 4, 2026.  This material was prepared by certain personnel at the Investment Banking Group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide, and not the firm's research department. It is for informational purposes only. It is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale, or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking offer, or solicitation by any JP Morgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity. Copyright 2026, JPMorgan Chase & Co., all rights reserved.

In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Bryan Long, Power Trading and Origination at J.P. Morgan, is joined by Sam Tegel, CEO of ElectronX, to explore why US power has become an increasingly attractive  and tradable product for a growing wave of global market participants. Against a backdrop of surging data center demand, renewable penetration, and grid complexity, they discuss how short-term electricity derivatives are unlocking new risk management tools and drawing in liquidity from proprietary trading firms, crypto miners, and institutional investors worldwide. The conversation also covers the convergence of power and compute costs, and what deeper market liquidity means for private capital deployment in US energy infrastructure.   This episode was recorded on May 19, 2026.   The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of JPMorgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. They are not issued by Research but are a solicitation under CFTC Rule 1.71. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you, and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. The FICC market structure publications, or to one, newsletters, mentioned in this podcast are available for J.P. Morgan clients. Please contact your J.P. Morgan sales representative should you wish to receive these. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Mark Marengo, head of Diversified Industries Investment Banking, sits down with Derek Chollet, head of the JPMorganChase Center for Geopolitics, to unpack what’s changing across defense and aerospace. They discuss where investment is flowing, how emerging technologies are reshaping capability and military readiness and why deeper public-private partnerships are becoming essential to move the sector forward in the U.S., Europe and beyond.   This episode was recorded on March 4, 2026.  This material was prepared by certain personnel at the Investment Banking Group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide, and not the firm's research department. It is for informational purposes only. It is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale, or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking offer, or solicitation by any JP Morgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity. Copyright 2026, JPMorgan Chase & Co., all rights reserved.

Can international equities keep leading as the rally broadens? In this episode of Making Sense, Edwina Lowe from J.P. Morgan's Data Assets and Alpha Group sits down with Federico Manicardi, head of International Market Intelligence, and Jigar Vakharia from the Positioning Intelligence team to unpack the landscape. They look at what’s driving Europe’s strength, why APAC is moving from stabilization to accumulation and how investor positioning is evolving across regions. They also discuss the key themes in play — from AI and semiconductors to miners and banks — as well as what risks could disrupt the path ahead, including rates, geopolitics and the fragility of investor conviction.   This episode was recorded on August 13, 2026.  The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

Inflation is cooling — at least on paper — so why does a night out still feel shockingly expensive? In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, U.S. rates strategist Harry Downie is joined by senior economist Mike Hanson and David Karnovsky, head of the U.S. Media, Entertainment and Advertising research team, to unpack the latest CPI report through the lens of “funflation” — rising costs tied to leisure and entertainment. They discuss what the CPI print says about the broader inflation trend, why prices can remain high even as inflation slows and why services inflation is still sticky. The conversation then shifts to premium entertainment, using IMAX and the current blockbuster hit The Odyssey to explore what’s driving leisure pricing trends today.   This episode was recorded on August 12, 2026.  This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan.  © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved. 

Hedge funds are back in focus as elevated stock-bond correlations challenge traditional portfolio construction. In this episode, Kumar Panja, EMEA head of Capital Advisory Group at J.P. Morgan, sits down with Joe Dowling, global head of Blackstone’s Multi-Asset Investing business (BXMA), and Riad Abrahams, head of Strategy, Risk and Quant Analytics in BXMA. Together, they discuss how Blackstone evaluates and partners with hedge fund managers, how they think about diversification versus “di-worsification” and why drawdown correlation matters as much as headline performance. They also explore the rise of managed accounts and seeding, the role of leverage and crowded positioning and how data and AI could reshape the next era of hedge fund edge. This episode was recorded on June 26, 2026.   The podcast’s views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan’) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use,  it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. The information contained in this podcast shall not form the primary basis of any investment decision. It is the user’s responsibility to independently confirm the information and to obtain any other information deemed relevant to any investment decision. J.P. Morgan makes no representation or warranty (express or implied) regarding the fairness, accuracy, fitness for purpose, correctness or completeness of the statements, opinions, estimates, conclusions and other information contained in this podcast and J.P. Morgan accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any loss, direct or indirect, arising in connection therewith. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers’ opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan’s views. @2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

What should we make of a weak payroll print alongside a lower unemployment rate? In this episode of Making Sense, Lauren Brice from the North America Rates Sales team sits down with Mike Feroli, Chief U.S. Economist at J.P. Morgan, to unpack the July jobs report and what it implies for U.S. growth momentum in 2026. They discuss why the headline miss may overstate weakness, what steady-but-low private hiring says about layoffs and labor market “dynamism” and how participation and wage growth are shifting the inflation outlook. The conversation also covers sector signals like leisure and hospitality, the latest read-through from JOLTS, where (if anywhere) AI is showing up in the hard data and what upcoming CPI reports could mean for the next Fed move.    This episode was recorded on August 7, 2026.   This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan.  © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved. 

Markets have remained notably risk-on in 2026, even as geopolitical fragmentation, energy chokepoints and intensifying U.S.-China competition continue to raise the stakes for investors and businesses. In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Joyce Chang, chair of Global Research at J.P. Morgan, is joined by Paul Haenle, head of APAC Policy and Strategic Competitiveness at J.P. Morgan, and Karim Sadjadpour, senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, to unpack how the Middle East conflict could continue to unfold — and what elevated geopolitical risk means for global markets. They discuss the strategic objectives and end states of the conflict, how ongoing disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz and Bab el-Mandeb could impact global oil and LNG flows, as well as how China weighs the risks of instability against the opportunities of U.S. distraction. The conversation also looks ahead to the September U.S.-China summit and explores how AI competition is reshaping the relationship between the world’s two largest economies.   This episode was recorded on July 22, 2026.   This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates and/or subsidiaries (collectively, J.P. Morgan) normally make a market and trade as principal in securities, other financial products and other asset classes that may be discussed in this communication. This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

Markets have powered through a volatile first half of 2026, despite geopolitical shocks, commodity swings, a more complex rates backdrop and increased scrutiny on the returns to AI and other growth investments. In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Evan Junek, global head of Corporate Finance Advisory, and Charlie Bouckaert, global head of Advisory and M&A, discuss the factors underpinning this resilience. They explore why M&A volumes have hit record highs, why corporates are leaning in with speed and scale, as well as how boards are thinking about strategic readiness in a still-receptive capital markets environment. They also dive into the shift from sponsor-led to strategic-led deal dynamics, what cross-border activity signals about geographic growth divergence and how policy uncertainty and antitrust perceptions are shaping timelines.    This episode was recorded on July 21, 2026.  This material was prepared by certain personnel of the investment banking group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide and not the firm’s research department. It is for informational purposes only, is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking, offer or solicitation by any JPMorgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity.   © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved. 

What's the right price for AI stocks? In this episode of Making Sense, Eloise Goulder, head of the Data Assets and Alpha Group at J.P. Morgan, speaks with Helen Jewell, International CIO of Fundamental Equities at BlackRock, about differentiating within the AI trade, and identifying companies with durable earnings power and high return on capital growth, versus simply those trading with momentum. They discuss where the market is (and isn't) discriminating across semis, memory and software and what to watch as the AI capex cycle evolves.   This episode was recorded on April 6, 2026.   The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

Gold trading in APAC is evolving quickly, with record volumes, shifting participation and infrastructure upgrades reshaping liquidity and execution. In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Khushil Nathoo from the FICC Market Structure & Liquidity Strategy team and Ravi Ramakrishnan, senior precious metals trader for Asia, discuss what’s driving heightened activity in gold, how clients are accessing liquidity and where trading could gravitate as new hubs and clearing initiatives take shape.   Nathoo and Ramakrishnan also explore the impact of electronic execution, the interplay between central bank and retail demand in Asia and what tokenization, gold-backed stablecoins and digital platforms may mean for market structure and available free float over time.    This episode was recorded on July 16, 2026.   The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of JPMorgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. They are not issued by Research but are a solicitation under CFTC Rule 1.71. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you, and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. The FICC market structure publications, or to one, newsletters, mentioned in this podcast are available for J.P. Morgan clients. Please contact your J.P. Morgan sales representative should you wish to receive these. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

Retail participation in Asia is not just significant — in many markets, it’s dominant. In this episode of Making Sense, Eloise Goulder, head of the Data Assets and Alpha Group at J.P. Morgan, sits down with Clare Witts, head of APAC Equity Market Structure, to chart the rise of retail investing and its effect on liquidity and market performance. Witts offers her perspective on concentration in single stocks, retail appetite for ETFs and derivatives, and how Asian exchanges are responding to this powerful phenomenon.   This episode was recorded on June 26, 2026.  The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

Amid elevated volatility and rapid advances in technology, systematic trading is gaining steam in commodities markets. Join Leland Price from the FICC Market Structure & Liquidity Strategy team alongside commodity traders Max Lee and Biko Agozino as they discuss what’s driving the growth of quantitative strategies across commodities and what it means for market participants today. Explore how automation is unlocking access to OTC liquidity, alpha opportunities emerging from inefficiency as well as how API connectivity and AI are shaping the modern trader’s toolkit.   This episode was recorded on June 25, 2025.   The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of JPMorgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. They are not issued by Research but are a solicitation under CFTC Rule 1.71. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you, and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. The FICC market structure publications, or to one, newsletters, mentioned in this podcast are available for J.P. Morgan clients. Please contact your J.P. Morgan sales representative should you wish to receive them. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures Copyright 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.

The checkout has become one of the most important moments in the customer journey — where growth, customer experience and digital transformation converge.   In this episode, Patricia Brolly, head of EMEA Merchant Acquiring Product, and Ciaran Walsh, head of Europe Corporate Sales at J.P. Morgan Payments, explore why the checkout has evolved from an operational necessity into a strategic growth engine. They discuss how businesses can reduce friction, localize payment experiences, leverage data and AI, as well as balance innovation with security to drive conversion and scale across EMEA’s diverse markets.     This episode was recorded on May 26, 2026.   J.P. Morgan and third parties listed on this page have not entered into a legal partnership to provide the services described above. Third party trademarks, brand names, and descriptions of products and services that appear on this page are provided by the respective third party. J.P. Morgan is not liable or responsible for such trademarks, brand names, descriptions of products, companies, and/or services. J.P. Morgan may generate profit from the use of any services or products provided by the third parties. Nothing in this material shall be taken as an endorsement of any third party or advice on the suitability of the third party services for the client. You shall make an independent determination for selection of the services provided by the third parties. Neither J.P. Morgan nor its affiliates shall be liable to you for any loss or liability suffered by you from the use of the third party services. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan, its affiliates, or its employees. The information set forth herein has been obtained or derived from sources believed to be reliable. Neither the author nor J.P. Morgan makes any representations or warranties as to the information's accuracy or completeness. The information contained herein has been provided solely for informational purposes and does not constitute an offer, solicitation, advice, or recommendation to make any investment decisions or purchase any financial instruments and may not be construed as such. Any future capabilities of mobility payment systems are under development. Features and timelines are subject to change at the bank's sole discretion. Copyright 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. Deposits held in non-US branches are not FDIC-insured. Non-deposit products are not FDIC-insured. The statements herein are confidential and proprietary and not intended to be legally binding. Not all products and services are available in all geographical areas. Visit jpmorgan.com/paymentsdisclosure for further disclosures and disclaimers related to this content.

So far, 2026 has been a year defined by big market moves, shifting expectations for inflation and policy, and persistent geopolitical headwinds. This episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense offers a global check-in: what’s held up so far, what have been the biggest surprises and what matters most for the second half of the year. Join Samantha Azzarello, head of Content Strategy, and other analysts from across J.P. Morgan Global Research as they explore what could drive markets — from equities and rates to FX and commodities — in the months ahead.   In this episode, we hear from:   Bruce Kasman, chief global economist - 2:02   Jay Barry, head of Global Rates Strategy - 5:04   Ben Ramsey, head of Emerging Markets Sovereign Credit Strategy - 12:35   Mislav Matejka, head of International Equity Strategy - 20:00   Stephen Dulake, co-head of Global Fundamental Research - 24:13   Meera Chandan, co-head of Global FX Strategy - 30:42   Greg Shearer, head of Base and Precious Metals Strategy - 35:38   Fabio Bassi, head of Cross-Asset Strategy - 40:17   This episode was recorded between June 15 - June 24, 2026.  This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

Despite ongoing macro uncertainty, healthcare dealmaking shows no signs of slowing. In this mid-year outlook episode, host Haley Trethaway sits down with Jerry Lee and Nick Richitt, global co-heads of Healthcare Investment Banking at J.P. Morgan, to take stock of the industry’s health. Together, they unpack five themes redefining the healthcare landscape, from biotech’s supercycle to supply chain resiliency and the surge in cross-border M&A. What should investors watch in the second half of the year?    Read the full article here: https://www.jpmorgan.com/insights/banking/investment-banking/healthcare-mid-year-outlook    This episode was recorded on June 16, 2026.   This material was prepared by certain personnel of the investment banking group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide and not the firm’s research department. It is for informational purposes only, is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking, offer or solicitation by any JPMorgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity.  © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

2026 has been defined by big market moves, shifting expectations for inflation and policy, and persistent geopolitical headwinds. Next week, analysts from across J.P. Morgan Global Research will deliver a global check-in on what’s held up, what have been the biggest surprises and what matters most for the second half — across equities, rates, FX, commodities and more.   Tune in on Monday, June 29, for the full episode. 

AI is transforming global economies and revolutionizing industries. In this episode of Security and Resiliency in Action, Kristina Nilsson, global co-head of AI Investment Banking, and Justin Krauss, Security and Resiliency Initiative lead for Defense Tech and Innovation Economy, discuss why prioritizing strategic technology is critical.   This material was prepared by certain personnel at the Investment Banking Group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide, and not the firm's research department. It is for informational purposes only. It is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale, or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking offer, or solicitation by any JP Morgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity. Copyright 2026, JPMorgan Chase & Co., all rights reserved.

Emerging market credit is navigating a new landscape shaped by strong fixed-income inflows, shifting investor participation and greater data availability. In this episode, Meridy Cleary from the FICC Market Structure and Liquidity Strategy team sits down with James Banghart, global head of EM Credit Trading at J.P. Morgan. Together, they discuss how recent geopolitical shocks have tested liquidity, how execution is evolving via portfolio trading and ETFs, as well as what new EU and U.K. bond transparency rules could mean for EM credit markets. Tune in to learn more about the state of private credit in emerging markets and the drivers shaping private lending.    This episode was recorded on June 9, 2026.   The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of JPMorgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. They are not issued by Research but are a solicitation under CFTC Rule 1.71. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you, and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. The FICC market structure publications, or to one, newsletters, mentioned in this podcast are available for J.P. Morgan clients. Please contact your J.P. Morgan sales representative should you wish to receive these. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

Equities have been on a remarkable run — join members of J.P. Morgan's Data Assets and Alpha Group to dig into what’s been behind this outperformance. Eloise Goulder, head of the group, and product specialist Edwina Lowe break down the forces lifting markets, from resilient growth and strong earnings to the sheer scale of AI capex and rising valuations. We then hear from John Schlegel, global head of Positioning Intelligence, and Drew Tyler, global head of Market Intelligence, who explore the near-term outlook for equities — weighing inflation and rates risk, seasonality and positioning across regions.   This episode was recorded on June 1 and June 9, 2026.   The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

The airline industry is heading into summer travel season under cloudy conditions. In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, Harry Gowers, lead analyst for European Airlines and Travel Retail stocks, and Jamie Baker, U.S. Airline and Aircraft Leasing Equity analyst, break down their expectations for the airline industry. Together, they discuss how geopolitics and fuel prices are affecting supply and demand, why low-cost carriers are finding success in some markets and not in others and what happens to pricing power if fuel prices ease. This episode was recorded on May 29, 2026.  This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates and/or subsidiaries (collectively, J.P. Morgan) normally make a market and trade as principal in securities, other financial products and other asset classes that may be discussed in this communication. This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

How has structured financing moved into the private market mainstream? In this episode of Making Sense, Shiny Das from the Vida Portfolio Solutions product team sits down with John Neubauer, Global Head of Structured Equities Financing at J.P. Morgan, to examine the forces reshaping demand for structured financing as investors seek liquidity, flexibility and transparency. Together they look at how subscription lines have expanded, why NAV lending is becoming a core tool, and what aspects of structured financing are primed for further evolution. To learn more about J.P. Morgan's Vida Financing Connect: https://jpmm.com/portfolio-solutions/financing-connect   This episode was recorded on June 1, 2026.    This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures for important disclosures. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

The convergence between traditional finance and public blockchain is no longer theoretical. It's live, it's operational, and it's scaling. Oli Harris, Head of Kinexys, and Emma Landriault, Head of Labs from Kinexys by J.P. Morgan discuss what's driving institutional adoption today, why compliance, privacy, and finality are the design requirements that separate what works from what doesn't, how deposit tokens and stablecoins each serve distinct roles, and where the next wave of value creation is headed as friction continues to be removed across the value chain.   This episode was recorded on May 19, 2026.   ©2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. Deposits held in non-U.S. branches are not FDIC insured. Non-deposit products are not FDIC insured. The statements herein are confidential and proprietary and not intended to be legally binding. Visit jpmorgan.com/payments disclosure for further disclosures and disclaimers related to this content. This video-podcast/guide is confidential and proprietary to J.P. Morgan and is provided for your general information only. It is subject to change without notice and is not intended to be legally binding. Any services described in this video-podcast/guide are subject to applicable laws and regulations and service terms. Not all products and services are available in all locations. Eligibility for particular products and services will be determined by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or its affiliates. J.P. Morgan makes no representations as to the legal, regulatory, tax or accounting implications of the matters referred to herein. Any mentions of third-party trademarks, brand names, products and services are for referential purposes only and any mention thereof is not meant to imply any sponsorship, endorsement, or affiliation. J.P. Morgan and J.P. Morgan Payments are marketing names for certain businesses of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., organized under the laws of U.S.A. with limited liability. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author or speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan, its affiliates, or its employees. The information set forth herein has been obtained or derived from sources believed to be reliable. Neither the author or speakers nor J.P. Morgan makes any representations or warranties as to the information’s accuracy or completeness. The information contained herein has been provided solely for informational purposes and does not constitute an offer, solicitation, advice or recommendation, to make any investment decisions or purchase any financial instruments and may not be construed as such. ©2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.

Commodities are an investing sphere unto themselves, offering diversification, decorrelation from equities and bonds – and plenty of surprises along the way. In this episode of Making Sense, Eloise Goulder, head of the Data Assets and Alpha Group at J.P. Morgan, sits down with Kranthi Gade, head of Global Macro QIS Product Structuring, to hear how the quantitative strategies group builds and tracks systematic, tailored commodities trading for clients seeking alternative alpha. Tune in to hear the tactics and trends that comprise this fascinating approach to an equally fascinating asset class.   This episode was recorded on May 12, 2026.   The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

Who is the real Kevin Warsh? Having been sworn in as the Fed's 17th chair, the Warsh era at the FOMC has begun. But with inflation proving sticky and Fed independence under the microscope, how will he balance the committee's dual mandate? What might he do differently than his predecessor, Jerome Powell? And how will he handle President Trump? On this episode of Making Sense, Alexa Hanelin talks to Michael Feroli, J.P. Morgan's chief U.S. Economist, to forecast the path of the Fed and examine what may be in store at the June FOMC meeting and beyond. This episode was recorded on May 22, 2026.  This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates and/or subsidiaries (collectively, J.P. Morgan) normally make a market and trade as principal in securities, other financial products and other asset classes that may be discussed in this communication. This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

Record-breaking volumes of activist campaigns, both public and private, are shaking up the investing world as activists flex their muscles, enjoying new voting powers and privileges in the U.S. and abroad. In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s “Making Sense,” Chuka Umunna, global head of Corporate Governance and Sustainable Solutions, is joined by Darren Novak, global head of Shareholder Engagement and M&A Capital Markets, and Lyndon Park, from the U.S. M&A Capital Markets team, to discuss the seismic shifts in shareholder activism.   Their conversation covers how institutional investors are adopting activist tactics and how market volatility is fueling opportunistic moves. It also explores how universal proxy cards, SEC guidance, and political scrutiny of proxy advisory firms are changing the game, plus behind-the-scenes battles in Europe, governance reforms in Japan, and other examples from around the world - and much more.   Tune in for insights on how companies and boards can anticipate, respond and thrive in the "new era of shareholder activism."   This episode was recorded on May 6, 2026.   This material was prepared by certain personnel of the investment banking group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide and not the firm’s research department. It is for informational purposes only, is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking, offer or solicitation by any JPMorgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity.  © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

In this episode, Dominic Drew from the Trade and Working Capital team is joined by Natasha Condon, global head of Sales for Trade and Working Capital, and Kyle Hutzler from the JPMorganChase Center for Geopolitics to discuss the fundamental repricing of supply chains. The discussion delves into how geopolitics, tariffs, and overlapping disruptions are prompting companies to carry higher inventory levels, build liquidity buffers, and reassess the allocation of resilience costs across complex ecosystems. The conversation highlights why these changes are structural rather than cyclical, identifies emerging pressure points, and examines how capital allocation and financing strategies are adapting to support more resilient supply chains   This episode was recorded on April 20, 2026.   ©2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. Deposits held in non-U.S. branches are not FDIC insured. Non-deposit products are not FDIC insured. The statements herein are confidential and proprietary and not intended to be legally binding. Visit jpmorgan.com/payments disclosure for further disclosures and disclaimers related to this content. This video-podcast/guide is confidential and proprietary to J.P. Morgan and is provided for your general information only. It is subject to change without notice and is not intended to be legally binding. Any services described in this video-podcast/guide are subject to applicable laws and regulations and service terms. Not all products and services are available in all locations. Eligibility for particular products and services will be determined by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or its affiliates. J.P. Morgan makes no representations as to the legal, regulatory, tax or accounting implications of the matters referred to herein. Any mentions of third-party trademarks, brand names, products and services are for referential purposes only and any mention thereof is not meant to imply any sponsorship, endorsement, or affiliation. J.P. Morgan and J.P. Morgan Payments are marketing names for certain businesses of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., organized under the laws of U.S.A. with limited liability. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author or speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan, its affiliates, or its employees. The information set forth herein has been obtained or derived from sources believed to be reliable. Neither the author or speakers nor J.P. Morgan makes any representations or warranties as to the information’s accuracy or completeness. The information contained herein has been provided solely for informational purposes and does not constitute an offer, solicitation, advice or recommendation, to make any investment decisions or purchase any financial instruments and may not be construed as such.   --------   J.P. Morgan and third parties listed on this page have not entered into a legal partnership to provide the services described above. Third party trademarks, brand names, and descriptions of products and services that appear on this page are provided by the respective third party. J.P. Morgan is not liable or responsible for such trademarks, brand names, descriptions of products, companies and or services. J.P. Morgan may generate profit from the use of any services or products provided by the third parties. Nothing in this material shall be taken as an endorsement of any third party or advice on the suitability of the third party’s services for the client. You shall make an independent determination for selection of the services provided by the third parties. Neither J.P. Morgan, nor its affiliates, shall be liable to you for any loss or liability suffered by you from the use of the third party’s services. Any Future capabilities of mobility payment systems are under development; features and timelines are subject to change at the Bank’s sole discretion.

Is this a resilient labor market, or a fragile one? In this episode of Making Sense, Mike Feroli, Chief U.S. Economist at J.P. Morgan, joins Lauren Brice from the North America Rates Sales team to break down the April jobs report and discuss what it means for the health of the U.S. economy in 2026. They discuss the data on claims, AI’s impact on construction and other sectors, and what this report might suggest about the projected path of Fed rate cuts going forward.   This episode was recorded on April 8, 2026.   This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates and/or subsidiaries (collectively, J.P. Morgan) normally make a market and trade as principal in securities, other financial products and other asset classes that may be discussed in this communication. This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

In this episode, three J.P. Morgan executives address the intricate connection between liquidity and collateral management. Eileen Herlihy, Head of Trading Services Sales, chats with O’Delle Burke, Global Head of Margin Services, and Michael Wynn, J.P. Morgan’s Global Head of FX and Liquidity for Securities Services, about the evolution of financing solutions as institutional investors raise and preserve cash. They discuss the importance of intraday liquidity, the rise of non-cash collateral, FX considerations, the increased attention to available cash with a shortened T+1 settlement cycle, and the tokenization of collateral. In this conversation, they explore how increasingly sophisticated firms are innovating to enhance alpha and preserve cash -- protecting it or deploying it as needed.   This episode was recorded on April 16, 2026.  This podcast is intended for institutional clients only. The views expressed in the podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures. Copyright 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. 

Global ETF assets have climbed to roughly $20 trillion, and one structure is drawing fresh attention: dual share classes, where a single portfolio can be accessed as both a mutual fund and an ETF. Funmi Osiyale, from J.P. Morgan's ETF sales team, sits down with Dimensional’s Joel Schneider and Lauren Olson to explore how the model works and what benefits investors could see — from potential cost savings and tax efficiency to broader access and simpler product lineups. The conversation also covers day-to-day market mechanics, liquidity considerations and what’s next for Dimensional’s ETF platform.    This episode was recorded on April 14, 2026.   This podcast is intended for institutional clients only. The views expressed in the podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures. Copyright 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved.

In this episode, Eloise Goulder, head of the Data Assets and Alpha Group, is joined by product specialist Edwina Lowe and Luca Rainero, head of Data Intelligence, to unpack how retail investors have influenced equity markets this year. They delve into how investors are staying active through volatility, navigating trends in the silver market and the relative outperformance in semiconductor versus software stocks. They also discuss how retail activity is shaping volumes, turnover and intraday trading patterns. Finally, they explore what social media activity can reveal about retail positioning and intent, and how AI tools are accelerating the retail investment cycle and potentially reshaping market structure.   This episode was recorded on April 13, 2026.   The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

From geopolitical tensions and energy disruptions to the latest tariff developments, uncertainty was a recurring motif at the IMF–World Bank Spring Meetings 2026. Yet, bullish market sentiment still prevails. What's causing this disconnect? Join Joyce Chang, chair of Global Research, and Derek Chollet, head of the JPMorganChase Center for Geopolitics, as they explore why markets have remained largely resilient despite the uncertain macro backdrop.  This episode was recorded on April 21, 2026.  The views or opinions expressed herein are solely those of the JPMorganChase Center for Geopolitics and may differ from the views and opinions expressed by J.P. Morgan Securities LLC Research Department or other departments or divisions of JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates.  Information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but JPMorganChase does not warrant its completeness or accuracy. Opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice.  The opinions herein should not be construed as an individual recommendation for any particular client and is not intended as advice or recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments, or strategies for a particular client.  The information contained herein has been provided solely for informational purposes and does not constitute an offer, solicitation, advice or recommendation, to make any investment decisions or purchase any financial instruments, and may not be construed as such. This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates and/or subsidiaries (collectively, J.P. Morgan) normally make a market and trade as principal in securities, other financial products and other asset classes that may be discussed in this communication. This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

In this episode, Eloise Goulder speaks with Andrew Tyler, head of Global Market Intelligence, and Federico Manicardi, head of International Market Intelligence at J.P. Morgan. They discuss the sharp rebound in global equities, as attention shifts from geopolitical shocks back to macro and earnings fundamentals. They also explore sector and regional leadership (including U.S. tech and financials, and opportunities across Asia and EM), as well as key risks to watch — such as a renewed escalation in Middle East tensions and inflationary concerns stemming from energy shocks and supply chain disruptions.   This episode was recorded on April 20, 2026.   The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

Nick Adragna (Global Head of Investment Grade & Macro Credit Trading) and Olivier “Caj” Cajfinger (Global Head of IG, Public Finance, and Co Head of Alternative Credit Sales) unpack the evolution of IG credit markets and how J.P. Morgan’s global franchise supports clients. They discuss the creation of unified IG and macro trading units, talent builds, and the surge in portfolio trading, e-trading and ETFs; plus innovations like Vida, J.P. Morgan Direct, and AI-driven analytics. Hear how cross-asset PT (muni, SPG, CLO) and the integration of IG private and alternative credit are reshaping client solutions and what’s ahead for 2026.   This episode was recorded on February 25, 2026.   The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of JPMorganChase & Co. and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. They are not issued by research, but are a solicitation under CFTC Rule 1.71. Reference products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principle in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. The FICC market structure publications, or to one, newsletters mentioned in this podcast are available for J.P. Morgan clients. Please contact your J.P. Morgan sales representative should you wish to receive them. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures. Copyright 2026 JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

In this episode of J.P. Morgan’s Making Sense, global economist Maia Crook is joined by senior U.S. economist Mike Hanson to break down the March CPI report. They discuss the energy-driven jump in headline inflation, why core inflation may remain firm and signs of tariff pass-through. The conversation also explores why CPI and the Fed’s preferred Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) measure are sending different signals, how that gap could shape Fed policy and how the Iran conflict may influence the global inflation outlook.   This episode was recorded on April 13, 2026.   This communication is provided for information purposes only. Please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates and/or subsidiaries (collectively, J.P. Morgan) normally make a market and trade as principal in securities, other financial products and other asset classes that may be discussed in this communication. This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

As data centers and electrification increase power demand, energy resiliency and a diversified energy mix are becoming even more crucial to national security. In this conversation, Dr. Sarah Kapnick, global head of Climate Advisory, and Michael Johnson, Security and Resiliency Initiative lead for Energy and the U.S. Government  , discuss the need for new sources of energy, challenges across the supply chain and industry dealmaking trends.    This episode was recorded on February 6, 2026.     This material was prepared by certain personnel of the investment banking group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide and not the firm’s research department. It is for informational purposes only, is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking, offer or solicitation by any JPMorgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity.      © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved. 

In this episode of Making Sense, Stephen Dulake, co-head of Global Fundamental Research, is joined by Jake Pollack, head of North American Credit Trading and Global Credit Financing, to take stock of where private credit stands today. They unpack the two forces shaping the narrative — investor liquidity in retail vehicles and underlying credit performance — alongside investor focus areas like PIK (payments in kind), software and services exposure, and early markers of AI-related disruption. The conversation closes with views on marking practices, the 2028–2029 maturity wall and ongoing price discovery, and what increased regulatory scrutiny could look like as the market continues to grow. This episode was recorded on March 31, 2026.    --   This podcast is intended for institutional clients only. The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you, and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures.  --  This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan.  © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved. 

In this episode of Making Sense, Mike Feroli, Chief U.S. Economist at J.P. Morgan, joins Sam Azzarello, head of Content Strategy, to unpack the March jobs report and what it signals beneath the headline. They discuss the rebound in hiring after February’s data, early signs that AI may be reshaping the labor market, and what higher energy prices could mean for consumer momentum. The conversation closes with Feroli’s outlook on how the data may shape the Fed’s near-term policy stance and his base-case outlook for the U.S. economy.   This episode was recorded on April 3, 2026.  This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.

Shaped by diverse markets, languages, currencies and regulatory frameworks, Europe presents a complex landscape for businesses operating across the region. Understanding that landscape is essential for companies managing treasury, liquidity and cross-border payments. In this episode of EMEA in Conversation, Stew Cofer, EMEA head of Payments Specialists, Commercialization and Embedded Finance and Alison Livesey, head of UK and Europe Subsidiary Banking, examine the forces shaping payments across Europe today. From evolving regulatory environments to the realities of operating across multiple markets, the discussion explores how businesses are managing financial flows, approaching treasury strategy and supporting cross-border commerce across the region.    ©2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Member FDIC. Deposits held in non-U.S. branches are not FDIC insured. Non-deposit products are not FDIC insured. All rights reserved. The statements herein are confidential and proprietary and not intended to be legally binding. Not all products and services are available in all geographical areas. Visit jpmorgan.com/paymentsdisclosure for further disclosures and disclaimers related to this content. This video-podcast/guide is confidential and proprietary to J.P. Morgan and is provided for your general information only. It is subject to change without notice and is not intended to be legally binding. Any services described in this video-podcast/guide are subject to applicable laws and regulations and service terms. Not all products and services are available in all locations. Eligibility for particular products and services will be determined by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or its affiliates. J.P. Morgan makes no representations as to the legal, regulatory, tax or accounting implications of the matters referred to herein. Any mentions of third-party trademarks, brand names, products and services are for referential purposes only and any mention thereof is not meant to imply any sponsorship, endorsement, or affiliation. J.P. Morgan and J.P. Morgan Payments are marketing names for certain businesses of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., organized under the laws of U.S.A. with limited liability. The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan, its affiliates, or its employees. The information set forth herein has been obtained or derived from sources believed to be reliable. Neither the author nor J.P. Morgan makes any representations or warranties as to the information’s accuracy or completeness. The information contained herein has been provided solely for informational purposes and does not constitute an offer, solicitation, advice or recommendation, to make any investment decisions or purchase any financial instruments and may not be construed as such.

In this episode of Making Sense, Shiny Das, from the Vida Portfolio Solutions product team, sits down with Gustav Vogel, head of Portfolio Trading in Europe, Middle East, and Asia, and Marcus Imbert, head of Portfolio Solutions in North America. Together they explore the rise of portfolio trading and how it is reshaping credit markets globally. They compare how portfolio trading differs across EMEA and North America, from pre-trade pricing and transparency frameworks to the role of local market structure and regulation. The conversation also looks at how ETFs and ETF primary trading support liquidity and risk transfer, the growing demand for thematic and proxy baskets, and the expansion of portfolio trading into cross-currency, cross-asset and bespoke solutions during periods of market volatility.   This episode was recorded on March 16, 2026.  This podcast is intended for institutional clients only. The views expressed in this podcast may not necessarily reflect the views of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co, and its affiliates, together J.P. Morgan, and do not constitute research or recommendation advice or an offer or a solicitation to buy or sell any security or financial instrument. Referenced products and services in this podcast may not be suitable for you, and may not be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade as principal in securities and other asset classes and financial products that may have been discussed. For additional disclaimers and regulatory disclosures, please visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures. Copyright 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

In this episode of Making Sense, Chuka Umunna sits down with Dr. Sarah Kapnick, global head of Climate Advisory, and James Janoskey, global co‑head of Natural Resources Investment Banking, to unpack how clean technologies are reshaping the global energy landscape. They explore surging electricity demand from AI data centers, the modernization of aging grids, the nuclear renaissance and the rise of long‑duration storage beyond lithium. The conversation also explores the intersection of energy security and geopolitics — how has the ongoing situation in the Middle East amplified concerns around grid resilience? This episode was recorded on March 16, 2026. This material was prepared by certain personnel of the investment banking group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide and not the firm’s research department. It is for informational purposes only, is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking, offer or solicitation by any JPMorgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

In this episode, Sian Goh, partner and head of Research and Strategy at Dymon Asia, sits down with Eloise Goulder, head of the Data Assets and Alpha Group at J.P. Morgan, to explore evolving market dynamics in Asia, from supply chains and AI to the retail investor and Asian consumer influences. They then discuss how Dymon Asia, an Asia-based multi-strategy fund, bridges bottom-up local market knowledge and micro analysis with macro developments to analyse the global investment universe.   Shownotes: https://www.dymonasia.com/   This episode was recoded on February 12, 2026.  The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. Copyright 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved

In this episode of J.P. Morgan's Making Sense, Fawaz Chaudhry, CIO of Horizon Global Partners (the equity thematic team at Fulcrum Asset Management) sits down with Eloise Goulder, head of the Data Assets and Alpha Group. They unpack why value is shifting from software to chips — and why the next three to four years will be key for semis, foundries and tools — as the AI infrastructure buildout accelerates.  They also explore the implications of the recent inflationary shocks, from the global pandemic to the European land war to the global trade war, and what this means for bonds and commodities, including gold and silver.   Shownotes: https://www.horizon.global/ https://fulcrumasset.com/ A Macroeconomic Approach to Investing with Juan Antolin Diaz, Chief Research Officer, Fulcrum  – Feb ‘24   This episode was recoded on February 5, 2026. The podcast's views do not necessarily reflect those of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co or its affiliates (together “J.P. Morgan) and are not from J.P. Morgan’s Research Department. They do not constitute recommendations or offers to buy or sell securities. Intended for institutional and professional investors, not retail use, it is for informational purposes only. Products and services mentioned may not suit all investors or be available in all jurisdictions. J.P. Morgan may make markets and trade in discussed securities and asset classes. Visit www.jpmorgan.com/disclosures/salesandtradingdisclaimer for more disclaimers and regulatory disclosures. External speakers' opinions are personal and not J.P. Morgan's views. Copyright 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved

In this Making Sense episode, host Amaury Guzman is joined by Kevin Foley, global head of Capital Markets, and Tarek Hamid, head of North American Credit Research & Strategy, to unpack takeaways from J.P. Morgan’s 31st annual Global Leveraged Finance Conference in Miami. The trio covers how geopolitics and energy price volatility are filtering into rates and risk, why AI could determine winners and losers, the market’s capacity to absorb new supply, bond vs. loan reception, and the role of M&A in the 2026 issuance outlook. They also discuss issuer readiness in a volatile tape and other themes that could take centerstage at the upcoming European Leveraged Finance Conference. This episode was recorded on March 5, 2026. This material was prepared by certain personnel of the investment banking group of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates and subsidiaries worldwide and not the firm’s research department. It is for informational purposes only, is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase, sale or tender of any financial instrument and does not constitute a commitment, undertaking, offer or solicitation by any JPMorgan Chase entity to extend or arrange credit or provide any other products or services to any person or entity. © 2026 JPMorgan Chase & Company. All rights reserved.

In this episode of Making Sense, Anthony Paolone, co-head of U.S. Real Estate Stock Research, and John Sim, head of Securitized Products Research, offer their take on the U.S. housing market. They examine current supply-demand dynamics, regional price trends and mortgage rates, which have remained elevated since 2022. Where are home prices headed, and how might new reforms alter the wider outlook? Plus, how are rental markets faring amid growing “rent fatigue”?   This episode was recorded on March 2, 2026. This communication has been prepared based upon information from sources believed to be reliable, but J.P. Morgan does not warrant its completeness or accuracy except with respect to any disclosures relative to J.P. Morgan and/or its affiliates and an analyst's involvement with any company (or security, other financial product or other asset class) that may be the subject of this communication. Any opinions and estimates constitute our judgment as of the date of this material and are subject to change without notice. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This communication is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument. J.P. Morgan Research does not provide individually tailored investment advice. Any opinions and recommendations herein do not take into account individual circumstances, objectives, or needs and are not intended as recommendations of particular securities, financial instruments or strategies. You must make your own independent decisions regarding any securities, financial instruments or strategies mentioned or related to the information herein. Periodic updates may be provided on companies, issuers or industries based on specific developments or announcements, market conditions or any other publicly available information. However, J.P. Morgan may be restricted from updating information contained in this communication for regulatory or other reasons. This communication may not be redistributed or retransmitted, in whole or in part, or in any form or manner, without the express written consent of J.P. Morgan. Any unauthorized use or disclosure is prohibited. Receipt and review of this information constitutes your agreement not to redistribute or retransmit the contents and information contained in this communication without first obtaining express permission from an authorized officer of J.P. Morgan. © 2026, JPMorganChase & Co. All rights reserved.