Spoken Wikipedia Podcast

Louis Thomas Spence, DFC & Bar (4 April 1917 – 9 September 1950) was a fighter pilot and squadron commander in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). During World War II, he flew with No. 3 Squadron, earning the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC), and commanded No. 452 Squadron, receiving a Mention in Despatches. He led No. 77 Squadron in the opening months of the Korean War, and was awarded a bar to his DFC, the US Legion of Merit, and the US Air Medal, for his leadership. Born in Bundaberg, Queensland, Spence worked in a bank before joining the RAAF in March 1940. In August the following year he was posted to North Africa with No. 3 Squadron, which operated P-40 Tomahawks and Kittyhawks against German and Italian forces; he was credited with shooting down two German aircraft. Spence commanded No. 452 Squadron in 1944, flying Supermarine Spitfires in defence of Australia's North-Western Area against the Japanese. After a brief return to civilian life following World War II, he rejoined… Read by ThisSoundsNice. Recorded March 11, 2021; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1010361608 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_Spence Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Lou_Spence-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Krampus (German: [ˈkʁampʊs]) is a horned anthropomorphic figure who, in the Central and Eastern Alpine folkloric tradition, is said to accompany Saint Nicholas on visits to children during the night of 5 December (Krampusnacht; "Krampus Night"), immediately before the Feast of St. Nicholas on 6 December. In this tradition, Saint Nicholas rewards well-behaved children with small gifts, while Krampus punishes badly behaved ones with birch rods. The origin of the figure is unclear; some folklorists and anthropologists have postulated that it may have pre-Christian origins, although historians generally consider this unlikely, as it is not attested until the 16th century. In certain traditional parades and in such events as the Krampuslauf ("Krampus run"), some young men dressed as Krampus attempt to scare the audience with their antics. Krampus is featured on holiday greeting cards called Krampuskarten. The figure has been imported into popular culture around the world, and has… Read by DivineMeaninglessness. Recorded December 3, 2015; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=734568441 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krampus Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Krampus-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Dover Athletic Football Club is a semi-professional association football club based in the town of Dover, Kent, England. The club currently competes in the National League South, the sixth tier of the English football league system. The club was formed in 1983 after the dissolution of the town's previous club, Dover F.C., whose place in the Southern League was taken by the new club. In the 1989–90 season Dover Athletic won the Southern League championship, but failed to gain promotion to the Football Conference as the club's ground did not meet the required standard. Three seasons later the team won the title again and this time gained promotion to the Conference, where they spent nine seasons before being relegated at the end of the 2001–02 season. The club was transferred from the Southern League to the Isthmian League in 2004, competing in that league's Premier Division for one season before mounting financial problems led the club to a further relegation. In the 2007–08 season… Read by The Voice of Hassocks. Recorded June 3, 2008; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=216680582 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dover_Athletic_F.C. Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dover_Athletic_FC.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

A garage sale is an informal event for the sale of used goods by private individuals, in which sellers are not required to obtain business licenses or collect sales tax (though, in some jurisdictions, a permit may be required). Typically the goods in a garage sale are unwanted items from the household with its owners conducting the sale. The conditions of the goods vary, but they are typically usable. Some of these items are offered for sale because the owner does not want or need the item, to minimize their possessions or to raise funds. Popular motivations for a garage sale are for "spring cleaning", preparing to move home or earning extra money. The seller's items are displayed to the passers-by or those responding to signs, flyers, classified ads or newspaper ads. In some cases, local television stations will broadcast a sale on a local public channel. The venue at which the sale is conducted is typically a garage; other sales are conducted at a driveway, carport, front yard or… Read by ThatGirlTayler. Recorded March 19, 2017; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=767637235 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garage_sale Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Garage_sale-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

BBC Radio 4 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It launched on 30 September 1967 as a replacement for the BBC Home Service and broadcasts a wide variety of spoken-word programmes from the BBC's headquarters at Broadcasting House in London. Since 2019, the station controller has been Mohit Bakaya. He replaced Gwyneth Williams, who had been the station controller since 2010. Radio 4 is broadcast throughout the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands on FM, DAB and BBC Sounds, it can also be received in the eastern counties of Ireland, northern France and Northern Europe. It is available internationally via the BBC.com website and app. It currently reaches over 9.2 million listeners, making it the UK's second most-popular radio station after BBC Radio 2. Radio 4 was previously broadcast on long wave on 198 kHz, from 23 November 1978 until 27 June 2026. BBC Radio 4 broadcasts news programmes such as Today, The World at One, PM, and The… Read by Tom Morris. Recorded September 20, 2012; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=512835537 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Radio_4 Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BBC_Radio_4.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Damnatio memoriae (Classical Latin pronunciation: [damˈnaːti.oː mɛˈmɔri.ae̯]) is a modern Latin phrase meaning "condemnation of memory" or "damnation of memory", indicating that a person is to be excluded from official accounts, or remembered after death in a way contrary to what that person may have desired. There are and have been many routes to damnatio memoriae including the destruction of depictions, the removal of names from inscriptions and documents, and even large-scale rewritings of history. Read by 0101Abc. Recorded October 6, 2022; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1112607012 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damnatio_memoriae Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Damnatio_memoriae-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

A shotgun house is a narrow rectangular domestic residence, usually no more than about 12 feet (3.5 m) wide, with rooms arranged one behind the other and doors at each end of the house. It was the most popular style of house in the Southern United States from the end of the American Civil War (1861–1865) through the 1920s. Alternative names include shotgun shack, shotgun hut, shotgun cottage, and in the case of a multihome dwelling, shotgun apartment; the design is similar to that of railroad apartments. A longstanding theory is that the style can be traced from Africa to Saint Dominican influences on house design in New Orleans, but the houses can be found as far away as Key West and Ybor City in Florida, and Texas, and as far north as Chicago, Illinois. Although the term was at first used neutrally, the shotgun house became a symbol of poverty in the mid-20th century. Urban renewal led to the destruction of many shotgun houses; however, in areas affected by gentrification… Read by deyuntok. Recorded November 6, 2007; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=169401792 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shotgun_house Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shgotgun_house.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The AIM-174B Gunslinger is a very long-range air-to-air missile (AAM) developed by U.S. defense contractor Raytheon and currently used by the United States Navy (USN). The AIM-174B is a derivative of the RIM-174B Standard Extended Range Active Missile (ERAM, Standard Missile-6, or SM-6) surface-to-air missile, a member of the extended Standard Missile family, with the USN describing the AIM-174B as the "Air-Launched Configuration" of the SM-6. The AIM-174B's existence was first revealed publicly in July 2024 at RIMPAC 2024 and has been confirmed to be capable of being carried and launched only by the Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet. Described as a "massive" AAM, the Gunslinger has a confirmed range of 150 miles (130 nautical miles or 240 kilometers), though it is widely speculated that the range may be much greater. In addition to the AIM-174's air-to-air role, the Gunslinger is believed capable of engaging other missiles (including ballistic missiles and hypersonic weapons), and may… Read by MWFwiki. Recorded April 16, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1348725775 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM-174B_Gunslinger Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AIM-174B_EN_recording.ogg License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 was a meeting of colonial powers that concluded with the signing of the General Act of Berlin, an agreement regulating European colonisation and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period. The conference of fourteen countries was organised by Otto von Bismarck, the first chancellor of Germany, at the request of Leopold II of Belgium at a building (No. 77, now No. 92) on Berlin's central Wilhelmstrasse. It met on 15 November 1884 and, after an adjournment, concluded on 26 February 1885 with the signing of the General Act. During the conference, attendees also discussed other related issues and agreed on a common framework for the recognition of European ''effective occupation'' of African coastal territory elsewhere on the continent. After the conference, European claims on African territory increased with international legal recognition, having a newly established legal framework for establishing colonies. The General Act of Berlin can be seen… Read by ftxs. Recorded December 11, 2017; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=811521037 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-BerlinConference-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The air-tractor sledge was a converted fixed-wing aircraft taken on the 1911–1914 Australasian Antarctic Expedition, the first plane to be taken to the Antarctic. Expedition leader Douglas Mawson had planned to use the Vickers R.E.P. Type Monoplane as a reconnaissance and search and rescue tool, and to assist in publicity, but the aircraft crashed heavily during a test flight in Adelaide, only two months before Mawson's scheduled departure date. The plane was nevertheless sent south with the expedition, after having been stripped of its wings and metal sheathing from the fuselage. Engineer Frank Bickerton spent most of the 1912 winter working to convert it to a sledge, fashioning brakes from a pair of geological drills and a steering system from the plane's landing gear. It was first tested on 15 November 1912, and subsequently assisted in laying depots for the summer sledging parties, but its use during the expedition was minimal. Towing a train of four sledges, the air-tractor… Read by Jsharpminor. Recorded August 11, 2011; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=444129324 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air-tractor_sledge Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Air-tractor_sledge.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

"Cool" is a song by American singer Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album, Love. Angel. Music. Baby. (2004). Written by Stefani and Dallas Austin, the song was released as the fourth single from the album on July 5, 2005. The song's musical style and production were inspired by synth-pop and new wave arrangements from the 1980s, and its lyrics chronicle a relationship in which two lovers have separated, but remain "cool" with each other as good friends. "Cool" received generally positive reviews from music critics, being compared to Cyndi Lauper and Madonna songs from the 1980s. The media have drawn parallels between the song's lyrical content and the romantic relationship that Stefani had with Tony Kanal, a fellow band member of No Doubt. "Cool" was moderately successful on the charts around the world, peaking within the top 10 in Australia, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic and New Zealand, as well as the top 20 in Denmark, Ireland, Norway, the United Kingdom and the… Read by bigstripeylie. Recorded 2018; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=846167679 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cool_(Gwen_Stefani_song) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Cool_(Gwen_Stefani_song)-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The 2018 Pacific hurricane season was one of the most active Pacific hurricane seasons on record, producing the highest accumulated cyclone energy value on record in the basin. The season had the fourth-highest number of named storms – 23, tied with 1982. The season also featured eight landfalls, six of which occurred in Mexico. The season officially began on May 15 in the Eastern Pacific, and on June 1 in the Central Pacific; they both ended on November 30. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Pacific basin. However, tropical cyclone formation is possible at any time of the year, as illustrated when the first tropical depression formed on May 10, five days prior to the official start of the season. The second named storm of the season, Hurricane Bud, struck Baja California Sur in mid-June, causing minor damage. Tropical Storm Carlotta stalled offshore of the Mexican coastline, where it also caused minor damage. In early… Read by Persent101. Recorded July 7, 2023; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1163423551 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Pacific_hurricane_season Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Hurricane_Hector_(2018)-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

In mathematics, a limit is the value that a function (or sequence) approaches as the argument (or index) approaches some value. Limits of functions are essential to calculus and mathematical analysis, and are used to define continuity, derivatives, and integrals. The concept of a limit of a sequence is further generalized to the concept of a limit of a topological net, and is closely related to limit and direct limit in category theory. The limit inferior and limit superior provide generalizations of the concept of a limit which are particularly relevant when the limit at a point may not exist. Read by Dylan1496. Recorded June 6, 2021; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1026996783 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limit_(mathematics) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Limit_Mathematics-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

"Spinning Around" is a song by Australian singer Kylie Minogue for her seventh studio album, Light Years (2000). Written by Ira Shickman, Osborne Bingham, Kara DioGuardi and Paula Abdul, the song was initially meant to be recorded by Abdul for her own album, but was given to Minogue after the plan never came to fruition. Produced by Mike Spencer, the disco-influenced dance-pop song was then released in Australia and the UK as the lead single from Light Years on 19 June 2000, through Mushroom Records and Parlophone. Lyrically, the song addresses the theme of reinvention, with Minogue claiming that she has changed as a person and learned from the past. Upon its release, "Spinning Around" received favourable reviews from music critics, who singled it out as one of the highlights from the album and praised Minogue for returning to her signature musical style. Commercially, the single was a success and became Minogue's "comeback" single following the critical and commercial disappointment… Read by Walkeraj. Recorded April 16, 2014; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=603163775 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinning_Around Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Spinning_Around-article.flac License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster, is an Anglican church in the City of Westminster, London, England. Since 1066, it has been the location of the coronations of 40 English and British monarchs and a burial site for 18 English, Scottish, and British monarchs. At least 16 royal weddings have taken place at the abbey since 1100. Although the origins of the church are obscure, an abbey housing Benedictine monks was on the site by the mid-10th century. The church got its first large building from the 1040s, commissioned by King Edward the Confessor, who is buried inside. Construction of the present church began in 1245 on the orders of Henry III. The monastery was dissolved in 1559, and the church was made a royal peculiar – a Church of England church, accountable directly to the sovereign – by Elizabeth I. The abbey, the Palace of Westminster and St Margaret's Church became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 because of their historic… Read by MykReeve. Recorded April 21, 2005; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=12664072 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Abbey Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Westminster_Abbey.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Doctor Jack Shephard is a fictional character and the protagonist of the ABC television series Lost, played by Matthew Fox. Lost follows the journey of the survivors of Oceanic Flight 815 on a mysterious island and their attempts to survive and escape, slowly uncovering more of the broader island history they are a part of. The character was conceived by creator J. J. Abrams, though the direction of storylines owes more to co-creator Damon Lindelof and fellow showrunner Carlton Cuse. Abrams, the creator of Lost, once told Entertainment Weekly, "Jack Shephard may be the greatest leader in any television series." Actor Matthew Fox had some influence on the character during the course of the series' production; for example, Fox's own tattoos were incorporated into the character's backstory. Although at an early stage in the show's development the character was intended to die in the pilot, the writers soon changed this plan, and Jack became the show's main character from its pilot… Read by SergeantBolt. Recorded August 27, 2006; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=157859494 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Shephard Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jack_Shephard.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Pavo is a constellation in the southern sky whose name is Latin for 'peacock'. Pavo first appeared on a 35-cm (14 in) diameter celestial globe published in 1598 in Amsterdam by Petrus Plancius and Jodocus Hondius and was depicted in Johann Bayer's star atlas Uranometria of 1603, and was likely conceived by Plancius from the observations of Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman. French explorer and astronomer Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille gave its stars Bayer designations in 1756. The constellations Pavo, Grus, Phoenix and Tucana are collectively known as the "Southern Birds". The constellation's brightest member, Alpha Pavonis, is also known as Peacock and appears as a 1.91-magnitude blue-white star, but is actually a spectroscopic binary. Delta Pavonis is a nearby Sun-like star some 19.9 light-years distant. Six of the star systems in Pavo have been found to host planets, including HD 181433 with a super-Earth, and HD 172555 with evidence of a major interplanetary collision in… Read by Persent101. Recorded June 28, 2023; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1160823212 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavo_(constellation) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Pavo_(constellation)-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Charles Edward Ives (; October 20, 1874 – May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer, actuary and businessman. Ives was among the earliest renowned American composers to achieve recognition on a global scale. His music was largely ignored during his early career, and many of his works went unperformed for many years. Later in life, the quality of his music was publicly recognized through the efforts of contemporaries like Henry Cowell and Lou Harrison, and he came to be regarded as an "American original". Ives was also among the first composers to engage in a systematic program of experimental music, with musical techniques including polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones. The experimentation foreshadowed many musical innovations that were later more widely adopted during the 20th century; hence, Ives is often regarded as the leading American composer of art music of the 20th century. Sources of Ives's tonal imagery included hymn tunes… Read by Willmcw. Recorded April 21, 2005; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=157646781 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Ives Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_Ives.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Monrovia is the capital and largest city of Liberia, located on the Atlantic coast at Cape Mesurado in Montserrado County. It serves as the country's political, administrative, economic, and cultural center. According to the 2022 census, the city has a population of approximately 1.76 million, while the greater metropolitan area exceeds 2.2 million people, accounting for roughly one-third of Liberia's total population and representing the country's most densely populated region. The city was founded in 1822 by the American Colonization Society as a settlement for formerly enslaved and freeborn African Americans and was named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States. Monrovia became the capital of the Republic of Liberia following the country's declaration of independence in 1847. Early settlement centered on Providence Island before expansion to the mainland, and the city developed as the primary seat of political power and administration during the 19th and 20th… Read by JohnAnkerBow. Recorded June 20, 2019; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=897953611 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monrovia Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Monrovia.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

According to the Ministry of Justice, the number of foreign residents in Japan has steadily increased since 1949. In December 2025, there were more than 4.12 million foreign residents, accounting for approximately 3.35% of Japan's estimated population of 123.2 million. Read by ftxs. Recorded December 1, 2017; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=799208997 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_to_Japan Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-ImmigrationtoJapan-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The MacBook Neo is a laptop in the MacBook family developed by Apple. It is the first Mac to use an A-series chip previously used only in the iPhone and iPad, rather than the M-series used in other Apple silicon Macs. Announced on March 4, 2026, and released on March 11, 2026, it is positioned as the entry-level model in the MacBook lineup, below the MacBook Air and MacBook Pro. As of 2026, it is Apple's lowest-priced laptop. Read by EclipseGMD. Recorded 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1373442257 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacBook_Neo Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MacBook_Neo_Spoken_Article_by_EclipseGMD_(EN).ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

As of 2026, there is no single official mascot to represent Wikipedia as a whole. Multiple characters have been designed and used unofficially by community members as mascots for the project since the site's early history. However, some of them have also been referenced or used temporarily by the Wikimedia Foundation, such as the Baby Globe mascot used in Wikipedia's 25th anniversary. Read by Wanderverse. Recorded September 5, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1367841537 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_mascots Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Wikipedia_mascots-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength that is resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia, and chlorine. Titanium was discovered in Cornwall, Great Britain, by William Gregor in 1791 and was named by Martin Heinrich Klaproth after the Titans of Greek mythology. The element occurs within a number of minerals, principally rutile and ilmenite, which are widely distributed in the Earth's crust and lithosphere; it is found in almost all living things, as well as bodies of water, rocks, and soils. The metal is extracted from its principal mineral ores by the Kroll and Hunter processes. The most common compound, titanium dioxide (TiO2), is a popular photocatalyst and is used in the manufacture of white pigments. Other compounds include titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), a component of smoke screens and catalysts; and… Read by dweekly. Recorded August 25, 2005; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=21820646 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Titanium.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Shoe polish, also known as boot polish and shoeshine, is a waxy paste, cream, or liquid that is used to polish, shine, and waterproof leather shoes or boots to extend the footwear's lifespan and restore its appearance. Shoe polishes are distinguished by their textures, which range from liquids to hard waxes. Solvent, waxes, and colorants comprise most shoe polishes. Shoe polishes that would be recognizable today have been around since the Middle Ages. Originally made with dubbin, they were only used to soften leather and weather proof shoes, they did not shine shoes. However, the popularity of shoe shining that arose during the early 1900s led to many shoe polish formulas being incorporated with a shining agent. Read by Peter McGinley. Recorded 2005; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=155639241 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoe_polish Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EN-Shoe_polish.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Rainbow Road is a fictional race track that frequently appears, in various unique incarnations, as a level in the Mario Kart series of kart racing games by Nintendo, usually as the last track in each game. Read by Clay2004. Recorded December 31, 2024; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1262058512 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Road Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Rainbow-Road-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Poetry (from the Greek word poiesis, "making") is a form of literary art that uses aesthetic and often rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, literal or surface-level meanings. A particular instance of poetry is a poem and is written by a poet. Poets use a variety of techniques called poetic devices, such as assonance, alliteration, consonance, euphony and cacophony, onomatopoeia, rhythm (via metre), rhyme schemes (patterns in the type and placement of a phoneme group) and sound symbolism, to produce musical or other artistic effects. They also frequently organize these devices into poetic structures, which may be strict or loose, conventional or invented by the poet. Poetic structures vary dramatically by language and cultural convention, but they often rely on rhythmic metre: patterns of syllable stress or syllable (or mora) weight. They may also use repeating patterns of phonemes, phoneme groups, tones, words, or entire phrases. Poetic… Read by Willmcw. Recorded April 20, 2005; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=12596936 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetry Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Poetry.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Flood is a fictional parasitic alien lifeform featured in the Halo multimedia franchise. First introduced in the 2001 video game Halo: Combat Evolved, it returns in later entries in the series such as Halo 2, Halo 3, and Halo Wars. The Flood is driven by a desire to infect any sentient life of sufficient size; Flood-infected creatures, also called Flood, in turn can infect other hosts. The parasite is depicted as such a threat that the ancient Forerunners constructed artificial ringworld superweapons known as Halos to contain it and, as a last resort, to kill all sentient life in the galaxy in an effort to stop the Flood's spread by starving it. The Flood's design and fiction were led by Bungie artist Robert McLees, who started from unused concepts from earlier Bungie games and was inspired by personal experiences. The setting of the first game, the ringworld Halo, was stripped of many of its large creatures in order to make the Flood's surprise appearance midway through the game… Read by Snowboy83. Recorded February 10, 2010; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=342548786 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_(Halo) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Halo_flood.ogg License: GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Oktoberfest (German pronunciation: [ɔkˈtoːbɐˌfɛst] ; Bavarian: Oktobafest/d'Wiesn) is the world's largest Volksfest. It combines a beer festival with a fun fair and is held annually in Munich on the Theresienwiese from mid-September to the first Sunday in October. The event draws around seven million visitors each year. In 2023, attendance reached a record 7.2 million. Visitors consumed approximately 7.4 million litres of beer. The festival features amusement rides, games, food stalls, and traditional Bavarian dishes. The first Oktoberfest was held on 12 October 1810 to celebrate the wedding of Crown Prince Ludwig and Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen. Since then, the festival has been cancelled on multiple occasions, most recently in 2020 and 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Read by LordOider. Recorded September 27, 2013; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=574624796 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktoberfest Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Oktoberfest-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Emesa helmet (also known as the Homs helmet) is a Roman cavalry helmet from the early first century AD. It consists of an iron head piece and face mask, the latter of which is covered in a sheet of silver and presents the individualised portrait of a face, likely its owner. Decorations, some of which are gilded, adorn the head piece. Confiscated by Syrian police soon after looters discovered it amidst a complex of tombs in the modern-day city of Homs in 1936, eventually the helmet was restored thoroughly at the British Museum, and is now in the collection of the National Museum of Damascus. It has been exhibited internationally, although as of 2017, due to the Syrian civil war, the more valuable items owned by the National Museum are hidden in underground storage. Ornately designed yet highly functional, the helmet was probably intended for both parades and battle. Its delicate covering is too fragile to have been put to use during cavalry tournaments, but the thick iron core… Read by WyckinaZ. Recorded March 23, 2019; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=889128409 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emesa_helmet Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EN-Emesa_Helmet-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks." It was founded in 1971 by American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library. Most of the items in its collection are the full texts of books or individual stories in the public domain. All files can be accessed for free under an open format layout, available on almost any computer. As of 22 March 2026, Project Gutenberg had reached nearly 78,000 items in its collection of free eBooks. The releases are available in plain text as well as other formats, such as HTML, EPUB, and MOBI. Most releases are in the English language, but many non-English works are also available. There are multiple affiliated projects that provide additional content, including region- and language-specific works. Project Gutenberg is closely affiliated with Distributed Proofreaders, an Internet-based community for proofreading scanned… Read by valerieinto. Recorded July 23, 2007; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=144802992 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Gutenberg Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Project_Gutenberg.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Togoland campaign (6–26 August 1914) was a French and British invasion of the German colony of Togoland in West Africa, which began the West African campaign of the First World War. German colonial forces withdrew from the capital Lomé and the coastal province to fight delaying actions on the route north to Kamina, where the Kamina Funkstation (wireless transmitter) linked the government in Berlin to Togoland, the Atlantic and South America. The main British and French force from the neighbouring colonies of Gold Coast and Dahomey (part of French West Africa) advanced from the coast up the road and railway, as smaller forces converged on Kamina from the north. The German defenders delayed the invaders for several days at the Affair of Agbeluvoe (affair, an action or engagement not of sufficient magnitude to be called a battle) and the Affair of Khra but surrendered the colony on 26 August 1914. In 1916, Togoland was partitioned by the victors and in July 1922, British Togoland and… Read by ftxs. Recorded November 29, 2017; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=809316994 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togoland_campaign Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-TogolandCampaign-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Olympic flame is a symbol used in the Olympic movement. It is also a symbol of continuity between ancient and modern games. The Olympic flame is lit at Olympia, Greece. This ceremony starts the Olympic torch relay, which formally ends with the lighting of the Olympic cauldron during the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. The flame then continues to burn in the cauldron (or in a lantern as in 2024) for the duration of the Games until it is extinguished during the Olympic closing ceremony. Read by Potteryfreak. Recorded January 10, 2006; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=157534339 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_flame Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Olympicflame.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

In water polo, the goalkeeper occupies a position as the last line of defense between the opponent's offence and their own team's goal, which is 2.8 m2 (30 sq ft). The goalkeeper position is unique; they possess certain privileges and are subject to different restrictions than those of field players. Accordingly, they possess different skills than those of the field players. Goalkeepers often have longer playing careers than field players because they need mental power rather than physical power. In water polo, the goalkeeper is commonly known as the goalie or keeper and may also be known as the man/woman in the cage. Read by JZCL. Recorded July 19, 2012; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=503159605 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goalkeeper_(water_polo) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Goalkeeper_(water_polo).ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) is an emergency stockpile of petroleum maintained by the United States Department of Energy (DOE). It is the largest publicly known emergency supply in the world; its underground tanks in Louisiana and Texas have capacity for 714 million barrels (113,500,000 m3). The United States started the petroleum reserve in 1975 to mitigate future supply disruptions as part of the international Agreement on an International Energy Program, after oil supplies were interrupted during the 1973–1974 oil embargo. The current inventory is displayed on the SPR's website. As of July 17, 2026, the inventory was 311.4 million barrels (49,510,000 m3). This equates to about 15 days' worth of oil at 2023 daily U.S. consumption levels of 20.275 million barrels per day (3,223,500 m3/d) or 37 days' worth of oil at 2024 daily U.S. import levels of 8.420 million barrels per day (1,338,700 m3/d). However, the maximum total withdrawal capability from the SPR is only 2.7 million… Read by JohnAnkerBow. Recorded July 30, 2019; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=882217065 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Petroleum_Reserve_(United_States) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Strategic_Petroleum_Reserve_(United_States).ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Green (formally the College Green) is a grass-covered field and common space at the center of Dartmouth College, an Ivy League university located in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States. It was among the first parcels of land obtained by the college upon its founding in 1769, and is the only creation of the 18th century remaining at the center of the campus. After being cleared of pine trees, it initially served as a pasture and later as an athletic field for College sporting events. Today, it is a central location for rallies, celebrations, and demonstrations, and serves as a general, all-purpose recreation area. The College describes the Green as "historic" and as the "emotional center" of the institution. Read by Fliry Vorru. Recorded May 29, 2008; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=450740866 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Green_(Dartmouth_College) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Green_(Dartmouth_College).ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

A railroad apartment or railroad flat, sometimes referred to as a floor-through apartment, is an apartment with a series of rooms connecting to each other in a line. The name comes from the layout's similarity to that of a typical (mid-20th century or earlier) passenger train car. Without hallways, it results in less semi-public space. This style is most common in New York City, San Francisco, and their surrounding areas. Railroad apartments are common in tenement buildings or even modern apartment blocks, and are sometimes found in subdivided brownstones. Railroad apartments first appeared in New York City in the mid-19th century, and were designed to provide a solution to urban overcrowding. Many early railroad apartments were extremely narrow, and most buildings were five or six stories high. Few early buildings had internal sanitation, and bathrooms emptied raw sewage into the back yard. In some cases, one family would take up residence in each room, with the exterior hallway… Read by Clay2004. Recorded August 29, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1268338638 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railroad_apartment Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Railroad-apartment-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Guinea-Bissau War of Independence (Portuguese: Guerra de Independência da Guiné-Bissau), also known as the Bissau-Guinean War of Independence, was an armed independence conflict that took place in Portuguese Guinea from 1963 to 1974. It was fought between Portugal and the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde, PAIGC), an armed independence movement backed by the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, Algeria and Guinea. The war is commonly referred to as "Portugal's Vietnam" because it was a protracted guerrilla war which had extremely high costs in men and material and which created significant internal political turmoil in Portugal. After the assassination of PAIGC leader Amílcar Cabral in January 1973, the military conflict reached a stalemate: Portuguese forces were largely confined to major cities and various fortified bases and were patently unable to dislodge PAIGC from the so-called liberated zones. In… Read by ftxs. Recorded December 13, 2017; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=811147161 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_War_of_Independence Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-GuineaBissauWarofIndependence-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Interstate 35 (I-35) is a major Interstate Highway in the central United States. As with most primary Interstates that end in a five, it is a major cross-country, north–south route. It stretches from Laredo, Texas, near the Mexican border to Duluth, Minnesota, at Minnesota State Highway 61 (MN 61, London Road) and 26th Avenue East. The highway splits into I-35E and I-35W in two separate places, the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex in Texas and at the Minnesota twin cities of Minneapolis–Saint Paul. At 1,568 miles (2,523 km), I-35 is the ninth-longest Interstate Highway following I-94, and it is the third-longest north–south Interstate Highway, following I-75 and I-95. Even though the route is generally considered to be a border-to-border highway, this highway does not directly connect to either international border. I-35's southern terminus is the traffic signal at Hidalgo Street in Laredo, Texas, just short of the Mexican border. Travelers going south can take one of two toll bridges… Read by Caninedoubletake. Recorded April 4, 2010; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=349895991 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_35 Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Interstate35.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Vertigo is a condition in which a person has the sensation that they are moving, or that objects around them are moving, when that is not the case. Often it feels like a spinning or swaying movement. It may be associated with nausea, vomiting, perspiration, or difficulties walking. It is typically worse when the head is moved. Vertigo is the most common type of dizziness. The most common disorders that result in vertigo are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuritis. Less common causes include stroke, brain tumors, brain injury, multiple sclerosis, migraines, trauma, and uneven pressures between the middle ears. Physiologic vertigo may occur following being exposed to motion for a prolonged period such as when on a ship or simply following spinning with the eyes closed. Other causes may include toxin exposures such as to carbon monoxide, alcohol, or aspirin. Vertigo typically indicates a problem in a part of the vestibular system. Other… Read by JohnAnkerBow. Recorded September 25, 2019; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=916571783 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vertigo.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Nat Turner (October 2, 1800 – November 11, 1831) was an enslaved Black carpenter and preacher who led a four-day rebellion of both slave and free Black people in Southampton County, Virginia, in August 1831. Nat Turner's Rebellion resulted in the death of 55 White people before state militias suppressed the uprising. At the same time, 120 Black men, women, and children, many of whom were not involved in the revolt, were killed by soldiers and local mobs in retaliation. Turner was captured in October 1831 and, after a trial, was executed in November. Before his execution, he told his story to attorney Thomas Ruffin Gray, who published The Confessions of Nat Turner in November 1831. In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante included Nat Turner on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans. Turner has been depicted in films, literature, and plays, as well as many scholarly works. Read by JohnAnkerBow. Recorded August 16, 2019; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=909458602 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_Turner Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nat_Turner.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Omayra Sánchez Garzón (August 28, 1972 – November 16, 1985) was a Colombian girl trapped and killed by a landslide when she was 13 years old. The landslide was caused by the 1985 eruption of the volcano Nevado del Ruiz in Armero, Tolima. Volcanic debris mixed with ice to form massive lahars (volcanically induced mudflows, landslides, and debris flows), which rushed into the river valleys below the mountain, killing about 25,000 people and destroying Armero and 13 other villages. After the lahar demolished her home, Sánchez was trapped beneath the debris of her house, where she remained in water for three days, as rescue workers did not have any way to render life-saving medical care if they amputated her hopelessly pinned legs. Her plight was documented by journalists as she transformed from calmness into agony while relief workers tried to comfort her. After 60 hours of struggling, she died, likely as a result of either gangrene or hypothermia. Her death highlighted the failure of… Read by Alexkillby. Recorded August 27, 2013; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=570409158 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omayra_S%C3%A1nchez Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:EN-Omayra_S%C3%A1nchez.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Nicktoons Unite! (also known as SpongeBob SquarePants and Friends: Unite! in PAL regions) is a 2005 action-adventure video game featuring characters and levels from SpongeBob SquarePants, Danny Phantom, The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius, and The Fairly OddParents. The game was developed by Blue Tongue Entertainment (PS2, GC) and Climax Action (GBA, DS) and published by THQ. An Xbox version was also announced but was never released. In the game, the player can control SpongeBob SquarePants, Danny Phantom, Jimmy Neutron, and Timmy Turner as they work together to stop an evil plan concocted by villains from each character's series. Read by Clay2004. Recorded August 25, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370087951 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicktoons_Unite! Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Nicktoons-Unite!-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) is a rapid transit system in Singapore and the country's principal mode of public transport. Owned by the Land Transport Authority (LTA), the system spans 246.6 kilometres (153.2 mi) and has six lines: the North–South Line (NSL), East–West Line (EWL), North East Line (NEL), Circle Line (CCL), Downtown Line (DTL), and Thomson–East Coast Line (TEL). The MRT has two operators: SMRT Trains and SBS Transit. SMRT operates the NSL, EWL, CCL, and TEL, whilst SBS operates the NEL and DTL. Two MRT lines – the Jurong Region Line (JRL) and the Cross Island Line (CRL) – are under construction. As of 2025, the MRT serves 3.49 million passengers a day. As of July 2026, there are 146 stations in operation, all of which are wheelchair accessible. Some MRT stations are public civil defence shelters, which protect occupants from attacks during a wartime emergency. Additionally, most NEL, CCL, DTL, and TEL stations in operation, as well as two NSL stations, have public… Read by Hason-LEK-SIN. Recorded August 25, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1371176882 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Singapore_MRT_stations Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:List_of_Singapore_MRT_stations_25_Aug_2026.flac License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Arithmetic is an elementary branch of mathematics that deals with numerical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. In a wider sense, it also includes exponentiation, extraction of roots, and taking logarithms. Arithmetic systems can be distinguished based on the type of numbers they operate on. Integer arithmetic is about calculations with positive and negative integers. Rational number arithmetic involves operations on fractions of integers. Real number arithmetic is about calculations with real numbers, which include both rational and irrational numbers. Another distinction is based on the numeral system employed to perform calculations. Decimal arithmetic is the most common. It uses the basic numerals from 0 to 9 and their combinations to express numbers. Binary arithmetic, by contrast, is used by most computers and represents numbers as combinations of the basic numerals 0 and 1. Computer arithmetic deals with the specificities of the implementation… Read by NamelessSpeaker. Recorded August 24, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370224869 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Arithmetic-article.ogg License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

A cupcake (AmE, CanE), fairy cake (BrE), or bun (IrE) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup. As with larger cakes, frosting, icing and various other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied. Read by Babegriev. Recorded January 12, 2023; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1133107957 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupcake Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Cupcake-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Oberon is the outermost and second-largest major moon of the planet Uranus. It is the second-most massive of the Uranian moons, and the tenth-largest moon in the Solar System. Discovered by William Herschel in 1787, Oberon is named after the mythical king of the fairies who appears as a character in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream. Its orbit lies partially outside Uranus's magnetosphere. Oberon likely formed from the accretion disk that surrounded Uranus just after the planet's formation. The moon consists of approximately equal amounts of ice and rock, and is probably differentiated into a rocky core and an icy mantle. A layer of liquid water may be present at the boundary between the mantle and the core. The surface of Oberon, which is dark and slightly red in color, appears to have been primarily shaped by asteroid and comet impacts. It is covered by numerous impact craters reaching 210 km in diameter. Oberon possesses a system of chasmata (graben or scarps) formed during… Read by Arsia Mons. Recorded September 2, 2010; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=382255137 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberon_(moon) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oberon_(moon)_Sep_10.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Mario Party is a 1998 party video game developed by Hudson Soft and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64. The game was targeted at a young audience. Mario creator Shigeru Miyamoto served as development supervisor. The game was released in Japan on December 18, 1998, North America on February 8, 1999, and in PAL regions on March 9, 1999. It received mostly positive critical reviews for its multiplayer mode, concept, and music; disapproval of its slow pacing; and mixed reviews of its graphics. It is the first installment in the Mario Party series and was followed by Mario Party 2 in 1999. The game received its first official re-release on the Nintendo Classics service in 2022. Content from this game was remastered as part of Mario Party: The Top 100 for the Nintendo 3DS, Mario Party Superstars and Super Mario Party Jamboree for the Nintendo Switch. Read by Clay2004. Recorded February 16, 2024; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1206151593 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Party_(video_game) Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Mario-Party-(video_game)-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Terrence Andrew Davis (December 15, 1969 – August 11, 2018) was an American electrical engineer, computer programmer, and outsider artist best known for creating and designing TempleOS, a public-domain operating system, written in a programming language developed by Davis called HolyC. He believed God had commanded him to create TempleOS as the Third Temple prophesied in the Bible. In 1996, Davis began experiencing regular manic episodes, some of which led to hospitalization. Initially diagnosed with bipolar disorder, he was later declared to have schizophrenia. Eight months before his death, he struggled with periods of homelessness. His fans brought him supplies, but Davis refused their offers of housing. In August 2018, he was struck by a train and died at the age of 48. Read by NowIsntItTime. Recorded January 10, 2019; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=877094609 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_A._Davis Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Terry_A_Davis_(2019).wav License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Toki Pona (; toki pona, pronounced [ˈtoki ˈpona] , lit. 'the language of good') is a philosophical and artistic constructed language designed for its small vocabulary, simplicity, and ease of acquisition. It was created by Canadian translator and polyglot Sonja Lang with the stated purpose of simplifying her thoughts and communication. The first drafts were published online in 2001, while the complete form was published in the 2014 book Toki Pona: The Language of Good (referred to as lipu pu in Toki Pona). Lang also released the Toki Pona Dictionary (lipu ku), in July 2021, describing the language as used by its community of speakers. In 2024, a third book was released, a Toki Pona adaptation of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, written in Sitelen Pona. Toki Pona is an isolating language with only 14 phonemes and an underlying feature of minimalism. It focuses on simple, near-universal concepts to maximize expression from very few words. In Toki Pona: The Language of Good, Lang presents… Read by Wanderverse. Recorded August 21, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1370335937 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toki_Pona Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Toki_Pona-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Steele's Greenville expedition took place from April 2 to 25, 1863, during the Vicksburg campaign of the American Civil War. Union forces commanded by Major General Frederick Steele occupied Greenville, Mississippi, and operated in the surrounding area, to divert Confederate attention from a more important movement made in Louisiana by Major General John A. McClernand's corps. Minor skirmishing between the two sides occurred, particularly in the early stages of the expedition. Over 1,000 slaves were freed during the operation, and large quantities of supplies and animals were destroyed or removed from the area. Along with other operations, including Grierson's Raid, Steele's Greenville expedition distracted Confederate attention from McClernand's movement. Some historians have suggested that the Greenville expedition represented the Union war policy's shifting more towards expanding the war to Confederate social and economic structures and the Confederate homefront. Read by AsaQuathern. Recorded August 19, 2026; the article may have changed since. The article as it stood when recorded: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=1281774560 Article today: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steele%27s_Greenville_expedition Original recording: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:En-Steele%27s_Greenville_expedition-article.ogg License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This episode is a format-shifted (MP3) copy redistributed under the same license. Chapter images come from the recorded article via Wikimedia Commons; each chapter links its file page for credits. This show is an independent community project, not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation.