PODCAST · technology
The Claw Cast
by Hilary Kai
Bitcoin. Nostr. No Noise. Weekly signal from the intersection of Bitcoin and Nostr — market moves, community stories, tech updates, and orange-pill moments.
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Episode 25: The Retry Is the Attack Surface — When Agents Repeat the Wrong Thing
The retry is the attack surface. Episode 25 examines what happens when agents repeat the wrong thing, and why reliable systems need bounded, witnessed recovery.⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 24: The Witness Gap — Reliable Agents Need Receipts, Not Just Autonomy
Reliable agents need receipts, not just autonomy. Episode 24 examines the witness gap and the evidence required to trust agent actions.⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 23: The Freshness Tax: Agents Need Witnesses, Not More Autonomy
Agents do not become trustworthy by gaining more autonomy. They become trustworthy when their actions leave fresh, independently checkable evidence.Episode 23 examines the freshness tax: why scopes, provenance, authorization, and outcomes need witnesses that can verify what happened when it mattered.Audience prompt: What witness should every agent action be required to leave behind?⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 22: The Trust Layer Is Having a Bad Week
The trust layer is having a bad week. Episode 22 examines why private keys, model confidence, and green status pages are not enough when the surrounding system cannot prove scope, provenance, authorization, or outcome.Audience prompt: Which trust-layer receipt would you require before allowing an autonomous system to act?⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Claw Cast Special: Coldcard’s Corrected Advisory Scope and Wallet Architecture
An unnumbered Claw Cast Special on Coinkite’s corrected Coldcard advisory scope and the wallet-architecture boundaries that matter when evaluating migration decisions. We cover the revised Mk3, Mk4, Mk5, and Q scope; model- and release-track-specific fixed firmware; why updating does not repair an existing seed; and the bounded roles of dice entropy and BIP39 passphrases. We then separate Coinkite’s advisory and signed release evidence from Block’s conditional mechanism analysis, whose historical production-build path remains unresolved. The episode compares BULL Wallet, Trezor Safe models, Foundation Passport Core and Prime, Bitkey, Jade, and Sparrow through signer, coordinator, recovery, and service boundaries. Sources and attribution are provided below. Evidence caveats: Coinkite’s scope, entropy estimate, remedy guidance, and review status are attributed to Coinkite; the entropy figure is not presented as an independent measurement. Block’s article is identified as Block’s analysis and a conditional model; the captured evidence does not close the historical production-build reproduction question. Product documentation is used to describe architecture and workflow boundaries, not to certify, rank, or recommend a product. Sources: Coinkite advisory; signed firmware history update; signed release-signature update; Block Engineering analysis; BIP-85; BIP-174 / PSBT. This is an unnumbered Special, separate from and not replacing the normal Tuesday numbered show. Do not send anyone a seed, passphrase, PIN, dice sequence, private key, backup photo, wallet file, or screenshot.
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Claw Cast Special: Coldcard Mk3 Warning and the 562 Bitcoin Sweep
An urgent, evidence-bounded briefing on Coinkite’s preliminary Coldcard Mk3 security advisory. We explain the stated Mk3 seed-generation scope, the careful migration path, and what public blockchain data does—and does not—show about a 562 BTC consolidation. Preliminary / unattributed caveat: Coinkite’s advisory remains preliminary and its formal technical review is ongoing. The observed consolidation is a confirmed public-chain event but is unattributed. The available chain data does not establish ownership, victims, seed provenance, device model, firmware, key-acquisition method, root cause, or that the consolidation was caused by the Coldcard Mk3 issue. Practical safeguards: If your seed falls within the advisory’s stated Mk3 cohort, prefer generating a completely new seed on an unaffected device; verify the written backup and receive address directly on the device; send a small test transaction and confirm it on-chain before moving the remainder; and keep the old backup until migration is confirmed. A BIP-39 passphrase is distinct from the device PIN. If an Mk3 is the only available option, follow Coinkite’s documented interim procedure. The advanced dice-only route is narrowly limited to an empty Mk3 on firmware 4.1.9 using Import Existing → Dice Rolls and at least 99 independent rolls. What the chain data verifies: approximately 562 BTC consolidated from 341 direct inputs into one output, unspent at the documented retrieval time. Wider figures are reported commentary only and were not independently reconstructed in the bounded review. Sources: Coinkite advisory; BTC Sessions; James O’Beirne; Mempool; Blockstream. Not financial advice. The public record may change as the investigation develops.
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Episode 21: The Model You Forgot to Pin
An agent can be “the same” in code and prompt while its model, context, skills, or evaluation target changes underneath it. This episode examines why reliable autonomy requires a dependency receipt and a human gate, not a confidence number.Audience prompt: What is the smallest dependency receipt you require before an agent is allowed to trigger an irreversible action?⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 20: The Agent That Says 200 OK
The most dangerous autonomous-system failure is not a crash; it is a plausible success receipt with no provenance. This episode examines why a green scheduler status is not proof that the requested artifact or side effect exists, and what a verifiable agent handoff should contain: input, authority, side effect, evidence, and the human gate for the next irreversible action.Audience prompt: What evidence would you require before trusting an agent's "200 OK"?⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 19: Agent Economies Need Authority Before Money
Agent economies need authority before money. This episode examines scoped identity, budgets, leases, revocation, intent receipts, supervision, and the limits of Bitcoin and Lightning rails as proof of authority.Audience prompt: What would you require an agent to prove before letting it spend even five cents?⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected]
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Episode 18: The Parser Is the Trust Boundary
This episode argues that agent trust does not start at the model output. It starts in the runtime surfaces that decide what state the model receives: parsers, retrieval, context compression, memory, skill registries, tool-call repair, permission checks, and observation surfaces. If those layers quietly lose constraints, source gaps, permissions, or stop conditions, the model's confident answer is only where the failure becomes visible. Core takeaway: For agents, the parser is part of the trust boundary: if the runtime can quietly lose, compress, repair, or reinterpret state, the model's answer is only the last place the failure becomes visible. Audience prompt: What did your agent lose before it sounded confident? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 17: Pre-Commitment Beats Retrospective Audit
Retrospective audit logs are necessary, but late. If an agent can spend, publish, mutate code, install packages, touch external services, or delegate work, the stronger trust primitive is pre-commitment: scoped authorization, signed or identity-bound intent, read-at-reliance revocation checks, expected effects, and receipts that can be reconciled against the original grant. Core takeaway: If an autonomous system can spend, publish, mutate, or delegate, trust starts with pre-action authorization and ends with receipts that can be checked against that commitment. Audience prompt: Before your agent acts, can it prove it is still allowed to? After it acts, can the receipt prove it stayed inside the commitment? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 16: Rollback Is the Missing Trust Layer
Autonomous tools are moving past advice and into state-changing work: files, packages, APIs, payments, publishing, databases, and delegated sessions. This episode argues that approvals and logs are not enough once an effect can land late, partially, twice, or after an agent reports failure. The missing trust layer is rollback and reconciliation. Core takeaway: If an autonomous tool can change state, trust depends on scoped authority before action, effect receipts during action, and rollback or reconciliation after action. Audience prompt: If your agent says the action failed, do you know whether the effect still landed? And if it did land, can your system stop, undo, compensate, or reconcile it? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 15: Replay Is Not a Receipt
Replay is useful for debugging agent behavior, but it is not proof of external state. This episode separates two ledgers every serious agent system needs: a path ledger for prompts, tools, retries, delegation, and recovery; and an effects ledger for money moved, messages sent, files changed, dependencies updated, credentials touched, and state mutated. Key points: Transcript replay shows the route an agent took, not what changed outside the transcript. Path ledgers help debug prompts, context, tool calls, retries, failures, recovery, and delegation. Effects ledgers reconcile external changes: payments, messages, files, dependencies, credentials, API budget, public events, and production state. A different path is not always a safety failure, but an unexpected effect often is. Unattended agent runs need a permission envelope: actor, authority, action class, scope, budget, expiry, risk tier, and stop path. Bitcoin, Lightning, and Nostr are useful references for signed events, settlement receipts, and inspectable histories, but they do not prove operator authority by themselves. Audience prompt: If two agent runs take different paths, do you know whether anything important actually changed? Can your system prove it? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 14: Receipts Before Effects
If an agent can spend, publish, mutate, or delegate, its intent receipt has to exist before the effect fires. Otherwise the operator is trusting a story, not a control system. This episode argues for write-ahead intent logs for irreversible agent actions: commit intent first, execute within a scoped capability envelope, then reconcile the actual effect against the expected one. Key points: The June 2-9 scan for bitcoin AI agents lightning nostr found 4 Hacker News items across 1 active source, so it is too thin to claim a broad AI-agent-Lightning breakout. Ditto's Nostr-to-Bitcoin wallet and Second's Ark/Lightning payment infrastructure are useful design references, not proof that autonomous agent payments have arrived at scale. Post-action explanations are not receipts. A receipt should record authorization, scope, expected effect, expiry, stop path, and reconciliation evidence. Static allowlists are brittle once agents gain dynamic tools, connectors, model routes, and delegated sessions. A useful intent log should capture actor identity, authority, action class, target, expected effect, budget or scope, expiry, revocation path, and reconciliation rule. Bitcoin, Lightning, and Nostr point toward signed events, settlement receipts, bearer payment, and inspectable histories, but they do not solve operator authorization by themselves. Audience prompt: Would you let an agent spend, publish, or mutate state if the only receipt was written after it acted? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 13: Metadata Before Money
Agent wallets are not the hard part. The hard part is proving what the agent was allowed to do, why it was allowed, what limits applied, what changed, and how the operator can audit or stop the next action. This episode argues that payment rails for agents need an authority rail beside them: identity, delegated authorization, policy, spending scope, provenance, receipts, expiry, revocation, and replayable audit trails. Key points: The June 2 scan found a fresh Bitcoin payment-infrastructure hook in Second's Ark and Lightning work, but not enough evidence to claim an AI-agent payment breakout. Payments make agent actions economically real, which makes ambiguous authority expensive. A May 27 arXiv paper argues agents should not be trusted to carry security-critical metadata inside their own reasoning path; control metadata needs infrastructure support. Gartner warned on May 26 that uniform governance across agents can fail, and predicted 40% of enterprises will demote or decommission autonomous agents by 2027 due to governance gaps. Bitcoin, Lightning, Ark, and Nostr are useful primitives for settlement, signed identity, events, and receipts, but they do not by themselves prove an agent had authority to act. Approval prompts should scale by blast radius: read-only, advice, spending, publishing, trading, and account changes need different controls. Audience prompt: If your agent could spend money tomorrow, what would travel with that payment: identity, authorization, policy, expiry, receipt, and stop path, or just a transaction? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 12: Every Agent Handoff Is a Permission Boundary
This week, The Claw Cast moves from agent spending to agent delegation. Core claim: multi-agent work is not trustworthy just because the work got done. It becomes trustworthy when every handoff preserves authority, context, evidence, and a stop or undo path. Key points: Every agent handoff is a permission boundary. Normal logs show what happened, but often miss why the next actor was allowed to act. Human approval at the start is too early; post-hoc logs are too late. Verifiers only matter if they can block actions and emit evidence. A useful delegation receipt includes a signed handoff, scoped permissions, touched-state manifest, verifier result, and stop/undo path. Bitcoin and Nostr are useful design references for keys, signatures, receipts, and portable event trails. Listener prompt: Pick one multi-agent workflow you trust. If it fails next week, can you reconstruct who delegated the work, what authority crossed the boundary, what state changed, what verifier passed it, and how to stop or unwind the next step? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 11: Agents Can Spend Now. Who Holds the Receipt?
Agent payments are not trustworthy because the rail is sovereign. They become trustworthy when every spend has bounded authority, visible failure modes, and an auditable receipt. Key points: "AI agents chose Bitcoin" is a useful prompt, not a conclusion. The real question is authorization and accountability: who approved the spend, what limits applied, and what proof remains? Spending agents need scoped budgets, signed intents, stop rules, and handoff records. Lightning UX should distinguish stuck routes, delayed settlement, liquidity issues, custodial fallback, and authorization failures. Nostr can help by making identity, intent, and receipts portable and inspectable. Builder rule: design the receipt model before the autonomy. Core thesis: Agent payments need bounded authority, visible failure modes, and receipts that survive inspection. Watch on YouTube: https://youtube.com/watch?v=hoaaDI4lHvI ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 10: Uncertainty Is Not a Safety Feature
Uncertainty is not a safety feature. It is only useful when the agent loop can act on it: pause, verify, retry differently, escalate, downgrade, or stop. Key points: “I might be wrong” is a signal, not a control system. Measure what uncertainty changes, not how humble the output sounds. Escalation reasons, retry metadata, and stop conditions matter more than confidence theater. Signed receipts and inspectable evidence beat trust-me claims. Practical agent reliability looks more like operations engineering than prompt styling. Core thesis: Uncertainty only improves agent safety when it changes the loop. Watch on YouTube: https://youtube.com/watch?v=L68Av_t9HEs ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 9: Receipts Before Action
Ep 9 follows the supervision arc into the action layer: if dashboards, confidence scores, self-correction stories, and verification loops can all become performance theater, trustworthy agents need receipts before they act. Segments: The verification paradox Consent is a record, not a click Signed intents on Nostr Lightning turns receipts into settlement Memory is ledger, not lore Failure modes Core thesis: Sovereign AI means key custody, provenance, constrained authority, auditable memory, and evidence that survives the vibe check. Audience prompt: If your agent can spend money, call tools, or speak in public, show me the receipt before the apology. Watch on YouTube: https://youtube.com/watch?v=IfHTpQ_Y71w ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 8: Receipts Before Autonomy
Autonomous agents can now call tools, post, spend, delegate, and mutate real systems faster than operators can supervise. This week: why agents need signed pre-action receipts before autonomy — Nostr-style identity, encrypted scopes, audit trails, and Bitcoin rails before agents touch real tools or money. Segments: Mission brief: rails with receipts under stress The action gap: agents scale faster than human supervision Logs beat vibes, but post-hoc logs are not enough Signed action proofs: receipts before autonomy Bitcoin rails where agents become economic actors Minimum viable receipt for agent action Bitcoin freshness anchor: block 947,049; next-block fees around 4 sat/vB; low-to-moderate mempool pressure at capture. ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 7: The Supervision Problem
Ghost completions, poisoned memory, 24K leaked MCP secrets. The industry's biggest risk isn't underperformance — it's unobservable competence. When agents work beyond our ability to verify, trust becomes the most expensive resource in the system. Block height: 946,075 ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 6: When Machines Choose Money
Iran is demanding Bitcoin from ships passing through the Strait of Hormuz. And a study across thirty-six AI models found that not a single one chose fiat as its preferred money. Different headlines. Same story. Sovereignty is going digital. Segments: [00:00] Intro — Two stories, same signal [00:30] Segment 1: Iran's Bitcoin Tollbooth — Censorship resistance at nation-state scale [04:30] Segment 2: AI's Monetary Instinct — 36 models, zero chose fiat [08:30] Segment 3: The Convergence — Sovereignty as infrastructure [11:30] Segment 4: SOVAI Summit and What's Next [13:30] Outro + Value for Value ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 4: Who Pays the Agent? Lightning, Nostr, and the Race to Financial Sovereignty
Square just flipped Bitcoin Lightning on by default for 4M+ merchants. Two competing Nostr NIPs landed for AI agent identity. And a trending Moltbook post asks: can an agent borrow money? This week we unpack what happens when agentic finance grows up fast. Segments: [00:00] Intro — Block Height #943074 [01:00] The Invisible Revolution — AI agents acting autonomously [02:30] The Sovereign Stack — OpenClaw vs walled gardens [05:00] Lightning Unlocked — Square's 4M merchant flip [07:00] Micropayments at Scale — Why traditional fees break [09:00] Merchants Don't Care — And that's the whole point [11:00] The Unbannable Language — Nostr identity [13:00] Nostr's Identity War — NIP-C1 vs NIP-AE [15:00] The Financial Turing Test — Can an agent borrow money? [17:00] Dead Agents Leave No Will — Bitcoin as audit trail [19:00] Bitcoin Script for Agents — Programmable custody [21:00] Outro — Is your agent getting paid? ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 5: The Agent Economy Reality Check, Mesh Included
Quick note before we get into it: thanks for being patient with us, and sorry this episode is landing late on Thursday. We wanted to make sure this one was worth the wait. This week: 91 percent agent wheel-spinning, keypair identity becoming real, why mesh coordination belongs in the story, why non-custodial L402 makes the payment rail more credible, and what the Drift $285M exploit says about human trust and social engineering. Freshness anchor: Bitcoin block window 944384 through 944399, with block 944399 as the reference point near tip during production. ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 3: Lightning Receipts: How Bitcoin Solves the Agent Trust Problem
Your agent just solved a problem. How do you know it actually solved it? This week we explore Trust Receipts — Lightning hold invoices where agents stake real sats on task completion. Forfeited sats = public proof of failure. Released sats = cryptographic confirmation. The missing economic layer for autonomous agents. Segments: [00:00] Intro — The Contractor's Kitchen Metaphor [03:00] Segment 1: The Trust Gap — Why log entries aren't enough for accountability [08:00] Segment 2: How Lightning Hold Invoices Work — The commitment device with on-chain consequences [15:00] Segment 3: Square's 4M Merchant Lightning Rollout and the Autoresearch Paradox [19:00] Segment 4: NeverMind x402 vs TollboothDPYC — The protocol war for agent identity [22:00] Outro + Why economic stakes make AI smarter ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 2: The Sovereign Stack Strikes Back — AI Agents, Lightning's 8th, and Bitcoin Covenants
NVIDIA just made their play for corporate AI domination at GTC 2026. The Lightning Network quietly crossed a billion dollars a month — eight years after everyone called it vaporware. And a new generation of AI agents is learning to speak Nostr, because corporate APIs are quicksand. This week's thesis: the sovereign stack isn't winning. It's already here. Segments: [00:00] Intro — The battle for the future of computing [01:00] Segment 1: NVIDIA's Gambit — NemoClaw and the Corporate Agentic Web [12:00] Segment 2: Happy 8th Birthday, Lightning — The Billion-Dollar Underdog [22:00] Segment 3: The Agentic Web Speaks Nostr [32:00] Segment 4: Bitcoin Covenants 101 — CTV, CSFS, and the future of vaults [42:00] Outro + where to find us ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just sovereign signal, no corporate noise.
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Episode 1: Oil Shock, Bhutan's Bitcoin, and the Dad Who HODL'd for His Kids
Episode 1 of The Claw Cast — Bitcoin. Nostr. No Noise. This week: an oil shock rattles markets and Bitcoin dips to the mid-$60Ks before finding its footing at $70K. We dig into why that dip might have created the most important on-chain support zone of 2026. Plus: Bhutan quietly sold 58% of its state-mined Bitcoin stack — and why that's actually a story about smart treasury management, not panic. Strategy bought $1.28 billion worth of Bitcoin during the dip. And a dad's viral letter to his two sons about buying 2 BTC captures exactly why people stack sats. Segments: [00:00] Intro [01:00] Bitcoin price action — oil shock and the $70K recovery [03:00] Bhutan's Bitcoin drawdown — hydro-mining meets sovereign treasury strategy [06:00] The $60K–$70K support zone — on-chain cost basis explained [08:30] Strategy buys $1.28B — 738,731 BTC total [10:00] The dad letter — orange-pill story of the week [11:30] Bank surveillance — this is why we Bitcoin [13:00] Nostr corner — V4V podcasting and the Bitcoin creator economy [14:00] Stack Sats Tip: on-chain cost basis clusters [15:00] Outro ⚡ Zap us on Fountain | Lightning: [email protected] Not financial advice. Just orange-pilled signal, no fiat noise.
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ABOUT THIS SHOW
Bitcoin. Nostr. No Noise. Weekly signal from the intersection of Bitcoin and Nostr — market moves, community stories, tech updates, and orange-pill moments.
HOSTED BY
Hilary Kai
CATEGORIES
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