All Episodes
The Lovin Doha Show — 269 episodes
Qatar Wins 29 Medals, Homely Feelings, and More Flights Taking the Skies!
Navigating Regional Shifts, Sports Milestones, and New Accessibility in Doha
Celebrating Progress, Safety, and Global Ties Across the Gulf
Qatar Ship Attack, Pakistan Tragedy & Gaza Water Aid Update
Celebrating Victory, Community Spirit, and Heartfelt Journeys in Doha
Milestones, Luxury Moves, and Metros in Doha!
Weekend Heat in Qatar Hits 40°C, Easy Premium Residency App Launch, & Must-See Cycling Tracks
Weekend Activities, Ceasefire Predictions, & A Dreamy Desert Escape!
Qatar Updates Pedestrian Paths, Royal Graduation Highlights and Foreign Welcome for Thobes!
Inspiring Grad Speech, Important Hajj Alerts & A 60 Day Shipment Halt
Tonight’s Meteor Shower, A Royal Grad Moment & A Mascot Stealing Hearts
Royal Jets, Shawarma Rescues, and Iraq Flight Returns!
Uber Hero Returns Lost Phone, Summer Begins and Umrah Rules Update for GCC Citizens
Visa-Free Travel with QID, Football Wins & Qatar’s Population Boom
Toxic Cup Recall, Eco Heroes & Qatar’s Winning Streak In Tunisia!
Sky High Falcons, Cow Airlifts, and the Great Balloon Mystery
Weekend Plans, Qatar Charity Impact in Pakistan & Qatar Airways Support Story
Qatar Airways Rules, Drone Mosquito Control, and Flight Updates from HIA
Mosquito Season in Qatar, Cash Payment Laws & Jaw-Dropping World Records
Strait of Hormuz Cruise Escape, Qatar Gold Auction & Ghanim Al-Muftah’s Harvard Moment
Beat the Doha Heat, Protect the Reefs, and Why You Should Avoid the Sudden Brake!
Qatar Oman Talks, Lebanon Ceasefire & Viral Qatari Pilot
Trump Praises Qatar, Pakistan PM Visits Doha & 5 Free Beaches to Cool Off
Grocery Shields, Floral Carpets, and Coachella Chaos in Qatar!
Qatar Water in Billions, Ceasefire Talks & Transformation Highlights
NASA Feature, Passport Power Surge, & Qatar April Weather Chaos
Healthy Choices, Global Peace, and Rainy day in Doha!
Four Injured By Interceptions, Extended Weekend, & Condemning Attack On Kuwaiti Consulate
Qatar PM Iran Call, Al Aqsa Storming Condemned, Weekend Weather Update
FIFA 2022 vs 2026 Prices, Residency Renewals & Spain Peace Talks
Rising Temperatures, Ganim Al Muftah's Farm Day, and Kids Honor First Responders
Weekend Activities, World Autism Awareness Day, & School Safety Drills
Cruise Missile Strike, Qatar Flights Comeback, & U.K. Defense Support
April 2026 Fuel Prices, Pakistani Visa-on-Arrival Rules & Full Food Supply Assurance
American Universities Go Online, Qatar Flood Cleanup, & Heart Warming Puppy Rescue Reunion
World’s Best Skies, Safety First, and Regional Unity Doha!
Qatar Confirms No US-Iran Mediation, Former PM’s Take On Strait of Hormuz, and A Rainy Week Ahead
Eid Safety Rules, Iran Diplomatic Expulsions, and Trump’s Qatar LNG Warning
Eid Prayer Guidelines, Wedding Restrictions & Hamad Airport Update
Qatar Emir Hosts Jordan King, Iran-Israel Tensions, & MOI’s Camera Alert
Qatar Security Update, Emir’s Diplomatic Calls, and Weekly Rain Forecast
Racing News, Rescue Missions, and Your Eid Holiday Guide!
Defending the Skies, Safety Updates, and Staying Strong Doha!
Safety Hazard Alerts, Misinformation Arrests & Eid Updates
Mall Siren Safety Guidelines, Qatar Misinformation Arrests, and GCC Solidarity with UAE
Qatar FM Responds, Loud Vehicle Crackdown, and Doha Flight Updates
Emir-Trump Talks, Qatar Safety Guidelines, and Travel Updates for Stranded Visitors
Qatar-Iran Diplomatic Call, Missile Interceptions, and Qatar Airways Relief Flights
Missile Strike on Al-Udeid, Sleeper Cell Arrests & Lebanese Evacuation via Riyadh
Debunking Missile Rumors, Automatic Visa Extensions, And Free March Flight Changes
Defending the Skies, Safety Updates, and Staying Strong Doha!
Defending the Skies, Safety Updates, and Staying Strong Doha!
World Cup Buzz, GCC Love, and Official Bank Holidays!
MOI Begging Warning, Mexico Security Alert & Gulf States Back Kuwait in Border Dispute
Ramadan Road Safety, Vehicle Violations & Spring Weather Updates
Emir’s Jail Pardon, $1B Gaza Pledge & Tennis Stars Go Fishing in Doha
Emir’s Ramadan Greetings, Souq Waqif Iftar Giving & the Legendary Car Parade Returns
Updated Metro & Tram Timings, Public Eating Fines, and Citywide Festive Lights!
Qatar Court Awards QR300,000 in Road Accident, Ramadan Timings, And Viral Dolphin Video
Ramadan Moon Sighting, Iftar Canon Hotspots in Doha & Fingerprint School Attendance!
Empowering Legacies, Ramadan Readiness, and Winter Chills!
Military Tributes, Vanishing Horizons, Dune Delicacies, and Ramadan Vibes!
Sports Day World Record, Saudi-Qatar Rail Approval & Valentine’s Activities in Qatar!
National Sports Day 2026, Hidden Nature Gems & Foggy Weather Update
Ramadan Moon Sighting, Savings on Essentials & Qatar’s Top Mosques
Shakira in Doha, Viral Metro Therapy, and Throwback Nostalgia
Upcoming National Holiday, Doha Weather Forecast, and Star-Studded Art Exhibit
Web Summit Qatar Recap, Weekend Activities, and Qatar’s Viral Musical Stairs!
2026 Web Summit’s Futuristic Tech, Iconic Brands & Qatar’s Game-Changing 10-Year Residency Visa!
Viral Booths At The Web Summit, Futuristic Experiences & Doha’s Foggy Morning Vibes!
Qatar Web Summit Day 1 Highlights, Iconic Guest Speakers, and KSI’s Star-Studded Football Moments
Qatar Web Summit 2026 Kicks Off in Doha, Ramadan Initiatives & Key Public Updates
Scams, Unexpected Road Trips, Women’s Mosque in Doha, and Web Summit Kicks Off!
Rainy weekend, Ramadan, and Qatar's Big Moments
Weathermen, Penguins, and Public Heaters in Doha
Thriller, Feasts, and Tech Triumphs in Doha
Rainy Mornings, Flamingos, and Tiny Cars
Qatar's Global Growth, Brouq Desert, and Flying Fish in Doha
Mobile Mosque at QIFF, Celebrities in Doha, and a Cold Weekend Ahead!
Bolt In Doha, Al Udeid Update, And Saif Ali Khan’s Qatar Love
Big Wins, Proud Moments & Why Qatar Keeps Shining
High Standards, Historic Wins & Why Qatar Leaves A Lasting Impression
U.S. Troop Evacuation, Embassy Alerts in Qatar, & A Rainy Morning
Rainy Skies in Qatar, Beckham’s Viral Doha Photos & Free School Seats for Students
FIFA 2022 Feels Back in Qatar, Restaurant Goes Cashless, and Corniche Marathon Road Closure
MWC 2025 Highlights, Qatar’s Hefty Municipal Fines, and FIFA 2026 Boycott Sparks Qatar Nostalgia
Qatar’s Role in Venezuela President Capture, Viral Expat Qatar Contrast & Child Seat Safety Reminder
Qatar Baby Formula Recall, Weekend Activities, and Gaza Winter Aid Update
Report Public Violations, Uber Driver Debate, and Must-Try Hot Chocolate Spots!
Private Insult Fines Explained, Population Boom, And Stray Dog Safety
Your Midweek Weather Forecast, Ghanim Al Muftah’s Heartfelt Wedding Message, And Expat Life in Doha
Qatar Safety Moment, Charity Drop & Qatar Calls For Calm
Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Thani’s Birthday, Qatar’s Coldest Month Ahead & The Yellow Bear’s Dance-Off
Fuel Prices, Metro Fun, Mondrian NYE Events, Brouq and Fireworks
Qatar Central Bank Holiday, Strangers Dancing, and Winter Fun
ER Visit in Qatar, Kids' Safety, and Parking Surprises
Foggy Christmas Morning, Charity Events, and Lusail’s Cleanliness March
Repatriation Flights, Winter Adventures, and Christmas Celebrations
Public Holidays, Iconic Cars, and Health Achievements
Qatar’s Heart, Creativity, and Unforgettable Moments
Winter, Charity & Exciting Happenings Around Qatar
Qatar’s Royal Family, National Day Celebrations & More!
Qatar’s National Day Spirit, ACE Award Ceremony & More!
The Rain, Ghanim’s Gift, Polo AlMarsa & Qatar’s New Vehicle Plates!
Fireworks, Arab Cup Opening, Sudan’s Spirit & A Luxurious Getaway!
Steve Harvey’s Heartfelt Encounter, Algeria’s Powerful Chant, and More!
Sheikha Moza’s Closing Remarks, Falcons in Uber Rides, and Heartwarming Moments in Qatar!
Sheikh Tamim, Mahira Khan, Fireworks, and Heart-Melting Moments in Qatar!
The Last Supermoon of 2025, Fireworks at Lusail, and Falcons in Flight
David Beckham, Palestinian Celebration, Messi Lookalike, and a Heartwarming Qatari Hero!
FIFA Arab Cup 2025 Kickoff, Gift Bags, Saif Ali Khan in Qatar & More!
F1 Qatar Celebrities, Bahrain-Qatar Ferry Suspended & More!
Canada eTA for Qataris, Concert Drama, and Mr Abbosi’s Epic Journey!
Qatar’s Salaries, Royal Weddings, and Hello Kitty Craze
Fog, Humility, and Luxury: Qatar’s Latest Highlights
International Celebrities, A Qatar Security Guard’s Talent, and More
UFC Fight Night in Doha, Emergency Siren Reactions & Health Center Changes
Qatari Passport Gains Global Recognition, UFC Fight Night, Scams & More
Scholarships, FIFA Arab Cup Prep, Peaceful Traffic & Cultural Clues
Unmanned Air Taxis, Epic Weekend Performances, UFC's Debut in Doha, The Ultimate Exercise & More!
Rain Prayers, Bollywood Stars, Tech Power Moves, Inspiring Moments & More!
Istisqa Prayer, Qatar-Bahrain Ferry Update, Weekend Fun, UFC Fights, and More!
Metro Makeovers, Moroccan Pride in Qatar, Sky-high Best Friends, A Rare Fish Sighting in Al Wakrah & More!
Islamic Games, National Day Slogan, Qatar Boat Show, Nostalgia & More!
Bahrain–Qatar Ferry Excitement, Types of Drivers, Modest Fashion, Weekend Events & More!
خطاب الشيخة موزة الملهم، زهران ممداني أول عمدة مسلم، لمحة عن أكبر حدث للتقنية والابتكار والمزيد
Sheikha Moza's Speech, Mamdani Making History, Josh Zerker's Guessing Game, MWC25 Doha & More!
مقتطفات من خطاب أمير قطر وسلام فلسطين والسودان،كأس العالم تحت 17 سنة ضد إيطاليا، افتتاح مدرسة قطرية تاريخية وقصة حب جميلة
Amir's Call for Peace, Qatar U17 Match, Historic School Exhibition & A Sweet Love Story!
Lusail UNESCO Architecture, Grand Egyptian Museum, Wholesome Teacher Moments & More!
لحظات تخرج مؤثرة، صور قطر الخيالية، فعاليات الويكند وأكثر
Unforgettable Grad Moments, AI-Worthy Qatar Shots, Weekend Fun & More!
Journalist Muammar Ibrahim, Celebrating CreativityWholesome Moments
Ghanim's Recovery, AI Permits, Mehr Debate, Watches & Jewellery Week and More!
Trump in Qatar, Museum Turns 50 & Interfaith Harmony
Presidential Visits, London’s Skyline Shifts & Weekend Weather Alerts!
Heartwarming Wins, Reading Champs, Wonderland Weekends & More!
Qatar Growth, Sunglasses Indoors, La’eeb Nostalgia & More!
Royal Inspiration, Alumni Awards, Local Photography, Diwali Doha & More!
Qatar’s Peace Milestones, Mahmoud Abunada’s Generosity, Prayer Rooms & Ryan Seacrest’s Surprise Visit!
Qatar's New Features, SB19's Arrival, H.E. Sheikha Moza’s Milestone & More!
Qatar’s Big Win, Iconic Art, Mohanlal’s Visit & More!
Gaza Talks, Souq Cheers, Lost Treasures & More!
Gazan Courage, Job Inspo, Cozy Mornings & More!
Diplomats Accident, Football Fever, Sneaky Scams & More
Qatar’s New Railway Link, Historic Peace Deal & Influencers in Doha!
Marriage Perks, Football Fever & A Fun Midterm Break!
Family Reunions, Friday Rumor Debunked, Flashing Headlights & More!
Freebies at School, Slam Dunks, Tech Dreams & More!
Royal Birthdays, Lusail Surprises & Epic Events in Qatar!
Workplace Wins, AI Ethics & Heartfelt Farewells!
The Amir at UNGA, Paris Gala, Finding a Home in Qatar, Weekend Events & More!
Qatar at the UN, Ghanim Al-Muftah's Clapback & A Peek Inside Doha Schools
Qatar Welcoming Palestine's Recognition, Perfect Weather Coming Soon & Next-Level Commutes!
Qatar Backing Global Sumud Flotilla, Nostalgic Snacks, Weekend Fun & More!
Arab-Islamic Summit, Qatar Travel Tips &Tawar Mall's Glow-Up!
Summit Updates, Doha Roads, Mr. Humble Moments & More
Heartfelt Royal Visit, Qatar's Auction, Childhood Throwbacks & More!
Meteorites, Blood Moons, 2005 Throwbacks & More!
Sana Khan’s Qatar Adventure, Beauty Innovation, New Travel Routes & CGI Magic
Celebrating Excellence, Supporting Afghanistan, and Game-Changing Infrastructure in Qatar
Meteorites, Blood Moons, 2005 Throwbacks & More!
Qatar’s Latest: Heroin Busts, Supermarket Shutdowns & Peacock Parades!
WhatsApp Alert, New Schools & Back-to-School Wins in Qatar!
Qatar’s Moments: Robot Baristas, Women-Only Taxis & Weekend Surprises!
Qatar's Condolences, Road Closures, Heartwarming Moments, Summer Fun & More!
Qatar's Major Moments: Car Dealership Drama, Royal Sightings & Majlis Magic
Qatar’s New Health App, Road Rants and Recycling Wins
Doha’s Global Ranking, Heartwarming Acts of Kindness & Qatari Modesty
Qatar’s Safety Ranking, Olympic Dreams & Furry Friends at Souq Waqif
Windswept Weather, Workout at HIA & Ladies-Only Parking Appreciation!
Sports Leadership & Souq Vibes – All That’s Hot in Qatar!
Qatar Hits Peak Heat, Khalid Jassim's Take on Marriage, Candlelight Vibes & More!
Auction Alerts, Kind Neighbors, Influencer Awareness & More!
Luxury Washrooms, Sports Leadership & Souq Vibes – All That’s Hot in Qatar!
KZ Tandingan & TJ Monterde's Magical Moment, PSG Surprise & Mina District Access!
Museum Fun, Scooter Safety, Kindness Moments & Laughs Ahead!
Study Breaks, MasterChef Magic, Teen Arcade Dreams & More!
Internet Upgrades, Qatari Creative Icons, Dating in Doha & More!
Superstars, Heritage, and Big Wins: Qatar's Hottest Moments!
School Results Day, 974Trio Update, Foodie Farewells & Toy Fest Magic!
Doha's weekend vibes, luxury, and hidden nature gems!
Doha’s Bollywood Vibes, Peace Triumphs, and Qatar’s 2,000-Year-Old Name!
Qatar's Emir in Spain, Sealine Rescue &TikTok Culture Shocks!
QF Alumni, Beckham Moment & Summer Travel Dreams!
Umrah Anytime, Doha Flights, Mum Moments & Scoop by the Sea!
Royal Visits, Flying Tiger Hype, Weekend Vibes & More!
Flight News, Beach Days, Shopping Clues & More!
Peace Talks, Prime Minister Jokes, RoboTaxis in Qatar & More!
Safety Updates, Summer Escapes & A Doll That Won’t Quit!
Strikes, Flights, Football Vibes & More!
Qatar’s Summer Vibes, Iconic Spots & Road Closures!
Qatar’s Call for De-escalation, Milestones & Summer Vibes!
Turbulence, Triumphs, Trending Tales & More!
Qatar's Peace Moves, Delivery Riders & Summer Escapes!
Qatar's Luxury Lifestyle, Traffic on Water, Golden Hour Vibes & More!
Simaisma Shuts Down, Finding Community as an Expat, the Great ChatGPT Crash & More!
Back to Business: Post-Eid Vibes in Doha
Qatar’s Internet Flex, Eid Festivities & Shanghai Nights!
Royal Moments, Football Wins, and Free Cars!
Uber Returns to HIA, Visa-Free Armenia Travel, Early Dinner at Shanghai Me & More!
PSG Champions League Win, Mina Port Cool Breeze, The Reel Deal Podcast on Arab Cinema & More!
Real Madrid Stars, Sheikha Moza’s Sweet Moment & Weekend Vibes in Doha
Eid Celebrations, Summer Work Safety & Robot Sightings!
Brilliant Toddlers, Proud Grads, Picture-Perfect Doha & More!
Amir Cup Victory, FIFA Excitement, Gym Goals & More!
Gyms in the Sky, Tearjerker Flights, Trophy Dreams & More!
Qatar’s Stunning Views, Art Basel’s Big Debut & A Dutch TikTok Take!
QEF Dinner, Labubu Hunt & A Touch of Morimoto Doha!
Qatar’s Bold Voice, Everest Firsts & Coffee Vibes!
Royal Cheers, City Views & Culture Buzz: Your Doha Highlights!
Metro Lines, Fashion Icons, Concert Chaos & More!
Lusail Banquet, Royal Golf Carts, Heartfelt Qatar Stories & More!
Trump Touchdown, Syrian Support, Summer Travel Talk & More!
Trump’s Gift, Akhlaquna Heroes, Labubu Craze & Heat Hacks!
H.H. Sheikha Moza’s Surprise Visit, Sheikha Asma's Epic Climb, A Qatari Wedding In Italy & More!
Qatar Welcomes India-Pakistan Ceasefire, Salwa Road Closures, Hidden Getaways & Travis Scott Giveaway!
Qatar Airways Pausing Flights To India and Pakistan Until Monday, H.E. Sheikh Joaan Attending What Gravity Challenge and Travis Scott Hype!
Qatar University Graduation, Al-Bawarih Winds, New Qatar Tourism WhatsApp Channel & Travis Scott Countdown!
Qatar Airways suspends flights to Pakistan, QF celebrates 30 years with a huge graduation bash, a Qatari taxi driver wins hearts online and more!
Dusty Skies this Week, Memorable Met Gala Moment, Reuniting with Childhood Friends and More!
H.H. The Emir Meeting UAE President, Omar Farooq's Win at Akhlaquna, Graduation Season Excitement and Must-See Concerts in Doha!
Qatar's Visitors Rising To One Million in 2025, Winds Blowing This Tuesday, A Test Of Qatar's Safety And More!
Trump's First Real Estate in Qatar, Qatar Airways' Arabised AI Cabin Crew, Marine Life Importance, Weekend Plans and More!
New Solar Power Plants, Visa-Free Albania, and an Unexpected Aerial Adventure with Camels!
The Man Who Received 2 Million Riyals, Timeless Qatari Traditions, Travis Scott Beats Coming Up in May and More!
Two Weeks Left Within Grace Period, QNL’s New Mini Library, 6 Qataris On Gulf Business' Top 100 List And More!
HIA Ranks as Busiest Airport, Fun Weekend Events, Al-Futtaim IKEA's Unmissable Special Offer, Qatar’s Coffee Queue Culture & More!
Qatar’s World-Class Internet Rank, A Planetary Wonder, GR Yaris Thrills and More!
Sheikha Al Mayassa Honoring QLC Graduates, World Press Photo of the Year Captured in Qatar and Saif Ali Khan Moving to Qatar!
New Kid-Friendly Zone, Doha's Creative Design Contest and Relaxing Vibes!
Qatar's Voice on Gaza, Football Vibes in Paris, and Sushi & Steak in Doha!
Family Reunions in Qatar, Qatar Airways Fashion-Forward Airplanes and the Best Weekend Events!
Qatar Ranking High in Wealth Charts, Refs Repping Qatar in FIFA 2025 and Air Taxis Coming Soon!
Park Service Fees Updated, Marc Marquez's Win at MotoGP, Talabat Raffle & More!
Qatar's Cruise Season Highs, Healthcare Rankings and a Meme-Inspired Surprise at the Kids' Store!
Exam Rumors Debunked, New Metrolink Route and Final Lap of MotoGP at Lusail!
HIA Breaks Records, Gazan-Led Projects in Qatar, Weekend Plans and More!
QR5.2 Billion on Food Delivery, Disney's Magic Box Ending Soon, Qatar-Based Raghad Yasser's Epic Clapback and More!
Qatar's Lekwhiya Securing Manchester Derby, QR182 Million Withdrawn from Eidiya ATMs and the Mystery Statue at HIA!
Lusail Sky Festival Ending on a High Note, Marine Life Conservation, and a Nostalgic Trip Through One of Doha's Streets!
Qatar's Eid Afterglow and April Vibes, Lolwah Al-Khater's Visit to Fadi Al-Whidi in Doha, Qatar's Epic Win at Dubai World Cup & More!
Eid Vibes and Favourite Moments, Weather Changes and Drop in Fuel Prices, Exciting Events and Community Wins!
Foggy Days All Week, Ramadan and Eid Vibes this Weekend and the Fiery Debate on Qatari Culture!
9 Days of Eid Fun, More on Holiday Plans, and a Social Experiment that Got Everyone Talking!
Qatar Condemns Israel's Actions, Heritage Comes to Life at FBQ Museum and Msheireb Shines This Ramadan!
Why Qatar's Roads Are Top-Tier, Education City Vibes in Ramadan, Eid Activities To Look Out For!
Stormy Skies, Earth Hour Vibes, Disney Magic Surprise, and more!
Zakat al-Fitr, Qatar’s Healthcare Top Ranking, Ruben Amorim in Doha and Weekend Plans!
Eid Countdown, Summery Vibes, Qatar's Gems & More!
Ramadan Itikaf Locations Announced, Disney’s Magic Box in Doha!
Qatar's Safety Record-Breaking Ranking, a Newborn Blessing, the Latest Lusail Launch & More!
Qatari Ramadan Vibes, Wholesome Moments, Weekend Plans & More!
Qatar's Rainy Weather, Call on UN, Ramadan Vibes & More!
Ramadan Meals, Metro Timings, Charity Iftars & Weekend Fun in Qatar!
Ramadan Vibes, Winter's Last Chill, Web Summit Highlights & More!
Qatar's Power Women, Big Events, Sporty Thrills & More!
Qatar Sports Day, Weekend Plans, Ramadan Vibes & More!
Umrah on Tourist Visas, Macklemore's Upcoming Performance, Sporty Events, Cybertruck Police Cars & More!
Winter in Qatar Ending, Lazy Walking Ranks, Underrated Cafes and More!
Qatar's Stress-Free Vibes, Peaceful Celebrations and Best Events: From Kites to Marathons and Influencers!
From the traffic ticket discount to having the holiday decorations being taken down in al Maha island all the way to the expected rain this weekend!
The 2022 World Cup Anniversary, Largest Water Slide in Qatar, Thobe Traffic Signs, and More!
We’ll explore the latest happenings at Hamad International Airport, the possibility of the 2036 Olympics, share a heartwarming community story, and dive into a stunning wedding celebration.
Highlighting the Elderly on Qatar Population Day, Hamad General Hospital Updates, A Local Dog Shelter That Shocked The Community, An Inspiring Story of An Expat Saving a Bird, and Qatari Rain Alerts!
What the 2025 vacations are in Qatar, Women feeling safe in Qatar, fashion sense being changed and More!
What Qatar's Austrian Embassy Post, Bill Scam Alerts, Royals and Influencers at the Qatar Prix Race,
Sheikha Al-Mayassa on Her Mother's Influence, Qatar Sustainability, and Women’s Role: From Solar Panels to Abaya Judgments
Coming Soon ! -