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Três poderes em português

EPISODE · Jul 8, 2021 · 1 MIN

Três poderes em português

from Glossarium - Glossário TPM 2021.9 · host Teoria Política Moderna 2021.9

A teoria dos “Três Poderes” foi elaborada por Montesquieu e espalhada por toda a Europa, constituindo um dos maiores fatores na organização dos Estados modernos. Ele acreditava que a liberdade política existia apenas nos governos moderados e, somente, quando não abusava-se do poder. Dessa forma, Montesquieu iniciou o capítulo do “Esprit des lois'' (1748) sobre a Constituição inglesa, separando os poderes legislativo, executivo e judiciário. Nesse sentido, no Poder Legislativo o príncipe ou magistrado cria as leis com duração temporária ou fixa, corrigindo ou revogando as que já foram criadas. Já o Poder Executivo, faz a paz ou a guerra, envia e recebe embaixadas, estabelece a ordem e prevê as invasões. Por fim, o Poder Judiciário pune os crimes e julga as contestações dos indivíduos. Sendo assim, Montesquieu ao afirmar a necessidade da separação dos poderes, também acreditava ser necessário que eles fossem harmônicos; que se limitassem reciprocamente, porém não fossem totalmente separados e não paralisassem uns aos outros. Poroutrolado existemdiversasoutrasmedidasderelacionamentodessespoderestendosempre como escopo, o equilíbrio. Como na nossa atual Constituição Federal, a divisão dos Poderes entre Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário são aquelas que não são objetos de mudanças, portanto, não pode ser elaborada uma PEC para alterá-la. Definição por: Júlia Montezini da Silva, graduanda de Relações Internacionais e Integração na Universidade Federal da Integração Latino Americana (UNILA). Tradução e Voz por: Fernanda Yumi Wakayama, graduanda de Relações Internacionais e Integração da UNILA // Trabalho apresentado como requisito para obtenção de créditos na disciplina de Teoria Política Moderna no período 2021.9 ministrada pela docente Renata Peixoto de Oliveira.

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