028 Hvem vinder på innovation? Schumpeteriansk profit og ...

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Denne kilde tager udgangspunkt i et forskningspapir af økonomen William Nordhaus, der undersøger, hvordan gevinsterne fra teknologisk innovation fordeles mellem producenter og forbrugere. Centralt i analysen står begrebet "Schumpeteriansk profit", som defineres som den profit, der ligger ud over det normale afkast på investering og risiko, og som opstår som følge af innovation. Nordhaus finder frem til en overraskende konklusion: Innovatørerne selv er i gennemsnit kun i stand til at indfange en meget lille del – ca. 2,2 pct. – af den samlede samfundsmæssige værdi (surplus), som deres innovation skaber.Størstedelen af værdien fra teknologiske fremskridt tilfalder i stedet forbrugerne i form af lavere priser. Kilden belyser desuden, hvordan investorer under "New Economy"-boblen i slutningen af 1990'erne begik den fejl at overvurdere virksomhedernes evne til at fastholde profitten fra nye teknologier som internettet og computere. I virkeligheden bliver den ekstraordinære profit ofte hurtigt udvandet på grund af hård konkurrence, efterligninger fra konkurrenter og udløb af patenter. Afslutningsvis forklarer kilden den såkaldte "Greenspan-effekt", som beskriver, hvordan øget produktivitet påvirker den samlede efterspørgsel gennem formueeffekter på forbruget.Kort bibliografiTitel: Who Gains from Innovation? (Resumé af Working Paper 10433)Forfatter: William Nordhaus (Resumé skrevet af Matt Nesvisky)Udgiver: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), The DigestDato: 1. oktober 2004Link: https://www.nber.org/digest/oct04/who-gains-innovation

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This episode was published on May 27, 2026.

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Denne kilde tager udgangspunkt i et forskningspapir af økonomen William Nordhaus, der undersøger, hvordan gevinsterne fra teknologisk innovation fordeles mellem producenter og forbrugere. Centralt i analysen står begrebet "Schumpeteriansk profit",...

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