20. 从49到48--20年来拉姆齐理论的最大突破 episode artwork

EPISODE · Sep 24, 2017 · 8 MIN

20. 从49到48--20年来拉姆齐理论的最大突破

from 大老李聊数学(全集)

在组合数学上,拉姆齐(Ramsey)定理,又称拉姆齐二染色定理,是要解决以下的问题:要找这样一个最小的数n,使得n个人中必定有k个人相识或k个人互不相识。这个定理以弗兰克.拉姆齐命名,1930年他在论文On a Problem in Formal Logic(《形式逻辑上的一个问题》)证明了R(3,3)=6。拉姆齐数R(5)截止到今年三月前,我们所知道的就是介于43到49之间。这个下限43是1989年证明的。上限49是1997年证明。然后就是20年内毫无进展。直到今年三月底,两位澳大利亚国立大学的数学家将上限从49减低了1,到48,其中一位作者还是当年1997年证明上限是49的。你看,为了缩小1,数学家化了整整20年时间。请订阅公众号,并回复“拉姆齐”三个字取得更多信息:

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20. 从49到48--20年来拉姆齐理论的最大突破

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