387 记忆的虚构 episode artwork

EPISODE · Feb 19, 2026 · 17 MIN

387 记忆的虚构

from TED演讲精选

Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus studies memories. More precisely, she studies false memories, when people either remember things that didn't happen or remember them differently from the way they really were. It's more common than you might think, and Loftus shares some startling stories and statistics -- and raises some important ethical questions.心理学家伊丽莎白·洛夫特斯(Elizabeth Loftus)是研究记忆的。更确切地说,她研究错误的记忆,当人们记得根本没发生的事时,或者记得根本不同的事时的错误记忆。错误记忆的发生比你想得要常见得多,洛塔斯将分享一些令人吃惊的故事和统计结果,并提出一些需要我们思考的、重要的道德问题。伊丽莎白·洛夫特斯揭示了记忆并非可靠不变,而是具有可变性,由此改写了法律发展的进程。自 20 世纪 70 年代起,洛夫特斯产出了一系列令人瞩目的学术研究成果,还以专家证人的身份现身数百个法庭:为那些因目击证人证词而面临刑事指控的被告助力辩护,同时驳斥了当时盛行的 “恢复性记忆” 理论,其与凯瑟琳·凯查姆合著的《被压抑的记忆之谜:虚假记忆与性虐待指控》便是这一主张的代表作。此后,洛夫特斯一直致力于探究虚假记忆对日常生活的影响,这一研究也让她发掘出记忆改造颇具突破性的临床应用价值 —— 其中就包括通过为患者植入对健康食品的偏好,来实现对肥胖问题的干预。

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