Development and Use of the Horse Grimace Scale - a conversation with Emanuela Dalla Costa

As horses don't express pain vocal, judging discomfort in equines is not always easy. In this episode, I am talking to Emanuela Dalla Costa. She developed a scale that uses facial expressions of horses to detect equine discomfort and pain, and categorises it in different levels. Before the HGS was developed, discovering aspecific discomfort was difficult. If you don't know what you search for, you wouldn't find. That has changed now! In the show notes you find the download links to the specific open source studies, and also to our illustration download.