第2234期:Is time travel possible?

If you could time travel, would you visit the past or the future? You could find your ancestors, descendants, or experience life when dinosaurs roamed your back garden. It sounds otherworldly, but scientists have looked into whether time travel is actually possible.如果你可以穿越，你会去过去还是未来？ 您可以找到您的祖先、后代，或者体验恐龙在您的后花园漫步时的生活。 这听起来很超凡脱俗，但科学家们已经研究了时间旅行是否真的可能。Albert Einstein's theory of relativity revolutionised understanding of space, time, mass and gravity. The key element of this theory is that time and space are linked together, and time doesn't flow at a constant rate, meaning it speeds up or slows down, depending on where you are. For example, when you travel at high speeds, time decreases, which means, according to NASA, astronauts in space age more slowly than those on Earth! So, if you wanted to travel to the future, you would need to move close to the speed of light. Then, while centuries pass on Earth, you'd experience a relatively short amount of time and could hypothetically return home, where it would be the future!阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的相对论彻底改变了对空间、时间、质量和重力的理解。 该理论的关键要素是时间和空间是联系在一起的，并且时间不会以恒定的速度流动，这意味着它会加速或减慢，具体取决于您所在的位置。 例如，当你高速旅行时，时间会减少，这意味着，根据美国宇航局的说法，太空中的宇航员比地球上的宇航员更慢！ 所以，如果你想旅行到未来，你需要接近光速。 然后，当地球上几个世纪过去时，你会经历相对较短的时间，并且假设可以返回家园，那里将是未来！Travelling backwards in time seems much more difficult. Theoretically, one way of going back is via a wormhole. That means, if space and time can be folded like paper, we could create a tunnel – a shortcut between points in time. The problem is that there is no evidence that wormholes exist. "It's been shown mathematically that they can exist, but whether they exist physically is something else," says Emma Osborne, an astrophysicist at the University of York. Also, theories show that wormholes would be so small that a person definitely couldn't fit through one, and they would have such an intense gravitational field that they would collapse very quickly.时光倒流似乎要困难得多。 从理论上讲，返回的一种方法是通过虫洞。 这意味着，如果空间和时间可以像纸一样折叠，我们就可以创建一条隧道——时间点之间的捷径。 问题是没有证据表明虫洞存在。 约克大学天体物理学家艾玛·奥斯本 (Emma Osborne) 表示：“数学上证明它们可以存在，但它们在物理上是否存在则是另一回事。” 此外，理论表明，虫洞非常小，人绝对无法穿过，而且虫洞的引力场非常强，很快就会塌陷。For now, it seems we'll have to be content with science fiction and using telescopes to look back in time rather than travelling through it.目前，我们似乎只能满足于科幻小说和使用望远镜回顾过去，而不是穿越过去。词汇表ancestor 祖先descendant 后代otherworldly 超脱尘俗的，非现实世界的theory of relativity 相对论mass 质量gravity 重力，引力flow （时间）流动，流逝speed up 加速slow down 减速age 变老the speed of light 光速century 一百年，世纪wormhole 蠕虫洞shortcut 捷径，近路astrophysicist 天体物理学家gravitational field 引力场collapse 崩塌，坍塌science fiction 科幻小说telescope 望远镜