第2518期:Winter Work for the Gardeners

For people in parts of the world with seasons — especially cold ones — winter might seem like a time to rest and to take a break from garden work. 对于世界上有季节的地区的人们来说，尤其是寒冷的季节，冬天似乎是休息和从园艺工作中休息一下的时间。 But it is not, says Associated Press gardening expert Jessica Damiano. 但事实并非如此，美联社园艺专家杰西卡·达米亚诺说。 Autumn and winter are the best times to attend to your garden’s needs and prepare for the next growing season. There is much to do for both outdoor and indoor plants.秋季和冬季是满足花园需求并为下一个生长季节做好准备的最佳时机。室外和室内植物都有很多事情要做。For people who want flowers like tulips in the early spring plant the bulbs that produce them if your soil is not frozen. If you can still dig, plant tulips, daffodils and other bulbs. 对于那些想要在早春开花的人来说，如果你的土壤没有结冰的话，可以种植郁金香等花朵的球茎。如果你还能挖土，就种植郁金香、水仙花和其他球茎植物。 Cover them with about eight centimeters of mulch, leaves or dried grass. This will prevent freezing and melting temperatures from forcing them out of the ground over the winter. 用大约八厘米厚的覆盖物、树叶或干草覆盖它们。这将防止冰冻和融化的温度迫使它们在冬天离开地面。 During winter months, even in more temperate areas, some plants need protection from the cold. These include some fruit trees, like citrus, dahlias and many plants that bloom in the spring. In winter conditions, a cloth cover called burlap can help limit the damaging effects of wind. 在冬季，即使在较温和的地区，一些植物也需要防寒。其中包括一些果树，如柑橘、大丽花和许多在春天开花的植物。在冬季，一种称为粗麻布的布盖可以帮助限制风的破坏性影响。 If snow builds up on the branches of evergreen trees and shrubs, remove it. The heavy weight can damage branches. 如果常绿树木和灌木的树枝上积雪，请将其清除。重物会损坏树枝。Keep a record of plants you mean to move from one place to another in your garden. The notes will guide you in early spring: a time that is best to move plants that bloom early in the season. 记录下您想要从花园中的一个地方移到另一个地方的植物。这些注释将在早春为您提供指导：这是最好移动早开花植物的时间。 if you have extra seeds, consider trading them with gardening friends or at a gardening event. Store and organize seeds for the future in glass containers in cool places without light. Make sure to write down what they are and when they were collected. 如果您有多余的种子，请考虑与园艺朋友或在园艺活动中交换它们。将种子储存和整理在玻璃容器中，存放在阴凉、无光的地方。请务必写下它们是什么以及收集时间。 If insects or diseases were a problem during the growing season, use winter months to read about companion plants that can ease the problem in the coming year. 如果昆虫或疾病在生长季节成为问题，请利用冬季阅读有关可以在来年缓解问题的伴生植物。The cold winter months also affect houseplants. Bring houseplants near a south-facing or west-facing window to get the most sunlight possible. Turn the houseplants about one fourth of a turn each time you water them. This will support more even growth. 寒冷的冬季也会影响室内植物。将室内植物放在朝南或朝西的窗户附近，以获得尽可能多的阳光。每次浇水时，将室内植物转动约四分之一圈。这将支持更均匀的增长。 If you are buying poinsettias for the holidays, be sure to examine them for whiteflies before bringing them home. If you do not, you could bring home insects. 如果您在假期购买一品红，请务必在带回家之前检查它们是否有粉虱。如果你不这样做，你可能会把昆虫带回家。 If you plant Amaryllis bulbs indoors now, they will bloom during the coldest months of the winter. Plant them with their pointed ends reaching out of the potting soil and place them in a warm, sunny spot, watering them well. 如果你现在在室内种植孤挺花球茎，它们会在冬天最冷的几个月里开花。将它们的尖端伸出盆栽土壤中，然后将它们放在温暖、阳光充足的地方，并充分浇水。 After they bloom, keep them in a cooler place to extend the life of their flowers but keep them away from children and pets. Amaryllis bulbs are poisonous to eat. 开花后，将它们放在阴凉的地方，以延长花朵的寿命，但要远离儿童和宠物。孤挺花球茎食用有毒。Damiano also advises to remember that non-migrating birds need food because most of their food sources are gone during the winter months. High quality birdseed and water can help. 达米亚诺还建议记住，非迁徙鸟类需要食物，因为它们的大部分食物来源在冬季都会消失。高品质的鸟食和水可以提供帮助。 These same birds will repay the effort by feeding on thousands of insects that threaten your garden during the warm growing season. 这些鸟儿会在温暖的生长季节以数千种威胁您花园的昆虫为食来回报您的努力。