第2549期:NASA Says Spacecraft Made Closest-Ever Pass to Sun(2)

Fox added that such studies can provide valuable information “about the workings of stars across the universe to aid in our search for habitable worlds beyond our home planet.” 福克斯补充说，此类研究可以提供“有关整个宇宙恒星运作的宝贵信息，以帮助我们寻找我们家乡星球之外的宜居世界”。NASA’s statement noted the agency’s earlier preparation and operations were all leading up to the latest mission. To help it get into the right position, the Parker Solar Probe received assistance from several flybys of the planet Venus. The last flyby happened on November 6, 2024. 美国宇航局的声明指出，该机构早期的准备和运作都是为了最新的任务。为了帮助它进入正确的位置，帕克太阳探测器多次飞越金星并获得了帮助。最后一次飞越发生在 2024 年 11 月 6 日。 These gravitational assists had put the spacecraft “an ideal distance” from the sun every three months, NASA explained. This distance was “close enough to study our sun’s mysterious processes,” but not “to become overwhelmed by the sun’s heat and damaging radiation.” 美国宇航局解释说，这些引力辅助使航天器每三个月就与太阳保持“理想距离”。这个距离“足够近，足以研究太阳的神秘过程”，但又不会“被太阳的热量和破坏性辐射淹没”。 Developers of the spacecraft say it was built with a shield made with carbon material to protect it from the extreme heat released by the sun’s corona. The shield was designed to survive temperatures reaching 1,400 degrees Celsius. NASA says the data-gathering instruments are placed behind the shield. 该航天器的开发人员表示，它是用碳材料制成的防护罩建造的，以保护其免受太阳日冕释放的极端热量的影响。该防护罩设计可承受 1,400 摄氏度的高温。美国宇航局表示，数据收集仪器位于防护罩后面。 Nour Rawafi is the project scientist for Parker Solar Probe at NASA’s Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory in Maryland. His team designed, built, and operates the spacecraft. He said Parker had performed as planned although it operates in “one of the most extreme environments in space.” 努尔·拉瓦菲 (Nour Rawafi) 是美国宇航局马里兰州约翰·霍普金斯应用物理实验室帕克太阳探测器的项目科学家。他的团队设计、建造和操作航天器。他表示，尽管帕克在“太空中最极端的环境之一”中运行，但它的表现仍按计划进行。Rawafi added that the mission had brought “a new golden era of space exploration, bringing us closer than ever to unlocking the sun’s deepest and most enduring mysteries.” 拉瓦菲补充说，这次任务带来了“太空探索的新黄金时代，使我们比以往任何时候都更接近解开太阳最深、最持久的奥秘。” Dr. Joseph Westlake is director of NASA’s Heliophysics Division, the part of the agency that studies the sun. Westlake noted that his team is preparing for more flybys in the future and hopes to capture more valuable data. Already, flybys of Venus have gathered information about the natural radio waves coming from Venus. 约瑟夫·韦斯特莱克 (Joseph Westlake) 博士是美国宇航局太阳物理学部的主任，该部门负责研究太阳。韦斯特莱克指出，他的团队正在为未来更多的飞越做准备，并希望捕获更多有价值的数据。飞越金星已经收集了有关来自金星的天然无线电波的信息。 In 2023, scientists announced they had learned new information about solar wind from data collected by Parker. Data showed that solar wind can reach speeds up to 1.6 million kilometers per hour. Solar wind forms a large magnetic barrier known as the heliosphere. It protects Earth and other planets from the continuous flow of high-energy particles from the sun’s corona.2023年，科学家宣布他们从帕克收集的数据中了解了有关太阳风的新信息。数据显示，太阳风的速度可达每小时160万公里。太阳风形成一个巨大的磁屏障，称为日光层。它保护地球和其他行星免受太阳日冕持续不断的高能粒子流的影响。