第2705期:How to Protect Communications through Encryption(1)

U.S. cybersecurity officials are advising people to use encryption in their communications after a major hacking campaign.在重大黑客运动之后，美国网络安全官员建议人们在通信中使用加密。Federal officials released a list of security suggestions for U.S. telecommunications companies that were targeted.联邦官员发布了针对目标的美国电信公司的安全建议清单。The advice includes one suggestion that everyone can use: “Ensure that traffic is end-to-end encrypted to the maximum extent possible.”该建议包括每个人都可以使用的建议：“确保端到端的流量在最大程度上加密。”End-to-end encryption, also known as E2EE, means that messages are protected so that only the sender and receiver can see them. If anyone else gets the message, all they will see is disordered information that cannot be understood without the key.端到端加密（也称为E2EE）表示消息受到保护，因此只有发件人和接收器才能看到它们。 如果其他人收到信息，他们所看到的只是没有钥匙的无序信息。Law enforcement officials had until now resisted encryption. This resistance is because the encryption means the technology companies themselves will not be able to look at the messages. In addition, the companies will not be able to respond to law enforcement requests to turn the data over.执法人员到目前为止一直拒绝加密。 这种阻力是因为加密意味着技术公司本身将无法查看这些消息。 此外，两家公司将无法回应执法要求以将数据转换。The Associated Press (AP) recently offered some ways that normal people can use for end-to-end encryption :美联社（AP）最近提供了一些普通人可以用于端到端加密的方法：Officials said the hackers targeted the metadata of a large number of people. That included information on the dates, times and recipients of calls and texts. The hackers also got to see the information from texts from a much smaller number of people.官员们说，黑客针对了许多人的元数据。 其中包括有关呼叫和文本的日期，时间和接收者的信息。 黑客还必须从少数人数的文本中查看信息。If you are an iPhone user, information in text messages that you send to someone else who also has an iPhone will be encrypted end-to-end. Look for the blue text bubbles which mean that the messages are encrypted iMessages.如果您是iPhone用户，则在短信中发送给其他iPhone的人的信息将被端到端加密。 查找蓝色文本气泡，这意味着消息是加密的iMessages。The same goes for Android users sending texts through Google Messages. There will be a lock next to the timestamp on each message to show that the encryption is on.Android用户通过Google消息发送文本也是如此。 每条消息的时间戳旁边将有一个锁，以表明加密已打开。But there is a weakness. When iPhone and Android users text each other, the messages are encrypted only using Rich Communication Services (RCS). That is a common method for messaging that has replaced the older SMS and MMS methods.但是有一个弱点。 当iPhone和Android用户互相发短信时，仅使用丰富的通信服务（RCS）对消息进行加密。 这是通信的常见方法，它取代了较旧的SMS和MMS方法。Apple notes that RCS messages “aren’t end-to-end encrypted, which means they’re not protected from a third party reading them while they’re sent between devices.”Apple指出，RCS消息“不是端到端加密的，这意味着它们不受第三方的保护，而在设备之间发送它们。”