第2745期:How to scientifically spot a genuine smile

They're not the same, are they? The smiles you see when you meet your friends and family compared with what you see from salespeople trying to get you to buy something or management consultants pretending that the bad news they're giving you is actually good news. How can we tell that someone really means it when they're smiling?1他们不一样，是吗？ 与您从销售人员那里看到的东西相比，您会看到您的朋友和家人时看到的微笑，试图让您购买某物或管理顾问，假装他们给您的坏消息实际上是个好消息。 我们怎么能说出某人在微笑时确实意味着它？There are physical differences between types of smiles. 19th Century French neurologist, Guillaume Duchenne, spotted that there are two sets of muscles that are used for smiling. Unsurprisingly, one set of muscles moves the corners of your mouth. The other tightens the skin around your eyes. He noticed that only genuine smiles triggered the muscles around the eyes, leading a real smile to be named a Duchenne smile. Later research suggests that there are two pathways to triggering these sets of muscles. Those that are around the mouth can be set off voluntarily, while those around the eyes are triggered involuntarily and almost always by our emotions.微笑类型之间存在物理差异。 19世纪的法国神经科医生Guillaume Duchenne发现有两组用于微笑的肌肉。 毫不奇怪，一组肌肉会移动您的嘴角。 另一个会收紧您的眼睛周围的皮肤。 他注意到，只有真正的微笑触发了眼睛周围的肌肉，导致一个真正的微笑被称为Duchenne的微笑。 后来的研究表明，有两种触发这些肌肉的途径。 那些在嘴巴周围的人可以自愿脱离，而眼睛周围的人则是非自愿触发的，几乎总是被我们的情绪触发。A genuine smile has certain physical signs. Typically, if a smile is real, then people's cheeks are pulled up, the skin under their eyes bulges, and crow's feet can be seen at the corners of their eyes. Smiles that aren't genuine often disappear suddenly rather than fading gradually. These fake smiles are not caused by emotions, but they can get mixed with signs of the emotions that someone is genuinely feeling, like a wrinkled forehead caused by worry.真正的微笑有某些身体迹象。 通常，如果微笑是真实的，那么人们的脸颊就会拉起，眼睛下面的皮肤在凸起，而乌鸦的脚在他们的眼角可以看到。 不是真正的微笑常常突然消失，而不是逐渐消失。 这些假的微笑不是由情绪引起的，但是它们可以与某人真正感觉到的情绪的迹象混合在一起，就像由忧虑引起的皱纹额头。Even ten-month-old-babies have shown that they can identify a real smile. It may be that we have evolved to spot genuine emotion. There's clearly a benefit in being able to identify who to trust, and who may be trying to deceive us. That's not to say that fake smiles are always a problem. They can help to smooth over difficult situations and maintain politeness. But there are times when it's good to know that a smile really means something.甚至十个月大的巴克斯也表明他们可以识别出真正的微笑。 我们可能已经演变出来发现真实的情感。 能够确定谁信任谁，以及谁可能试图欺骗我们有一个好处。 这并不是说假笑总是一个问题。 他们可以帮助平滑困难的情况并保持礼貌。 但是有时候很高兴知道微笑确实意味着什么。