第2828期:Underground

In an underground car park in Paris, I encountered something I didn't expect. I had to wipe the spores off my camera. I was in a huge mushroom farm.在巴黎的一处地下停车场，我遇到了一件意想不到的事情。我不得不用手擦去相机上的孢子，因为我置身于一个巨大的蘑菇农场中。So why was it down here? When housing blocks like this sprouted up in Paris in the 1960s and 70s, it was common practice to also build underground parking for residents. So beneath Paris, there are millions of square meters of car park. But car ownership is in steady decline in Paris, a trend city authorities are keen to encourage.那么，为什么农场会在这里呢？当上世纪六七十年代巴黎建起这样的大型住宅区时，人们通常会为居民修建地下停车场。于是，在巴黎地下，隐藏着数百万平方米的停车空间。然而，如今巴黎的汽车拥有量正在稳步下降，而这正是市政府乐于推动的趋势。And thanks to technology, there are new ways to get around the city. Some underground car parks now find themselves surplus to requirements. City officials have been running competitions to find new leases of life for them.多亏了科技的发展，人们有了更多在城市中出行的新方式。于是，一些地下停车场变得多余。市政官员因此举办竞赛，征集这些空间的新用途。One of the winners of these was urban farmers, Cycloponics. They've rejuvenated three car parks in Paris. This one in La Chapelle used to be a no-go area, used by drug dealers and prostitutes.其中的获胜者之一是一家名为 Cycloponics 的城市农业公司。他们让巴黎的三个地下停车场焕发新生。比如这座位于拉夏贝尔（La Chapelle）地区的停车场，曾经是毒贩和妓女出没的禁区。But now the space is blooming. The conditions down here are perfect for their main crop, oyster, shiitake and white button mushrooms. They also grow chicory.但如今，这片空间生机盎然。这里的环境非常适合他们的主要作物——平菇、香菇和白蘑菇生长。他们还种植菊苣。They're a northern French delicacy that can grow in the dark. The harvest is sold through nearby organic grocery stores. It means urban food is grown and consumed within a short distance.菊苣是一种法国北部的美味蔬菜，可以在黑暗中生长。收获的作物会通过附近的有机杂货店售卖，这意味着城市中的食物实现了“就地生产、就地消费”。This cuts the pollution that comes with transportation. In France, there are lots of regulations around operating a business underground, not least for safety reasons. Other businesses have had applications turned down.这种模式减少了运输带来的污染。在法国，地下经营场所有严格的法规，尤其是出于安全考虑。许多其他类型的企业申请在地下经营时都被拒绝了。But it has been possible to get permits for this type of farming. And now, more car parks are being renovated like this in cities across France.不过，这种城市农业却得到了许可。如今，法国各地的城市中，越来越多的地下停车场正被改造成这样的农场。