EPISODE · Nov 24, 2025 · 1H 12M
Ep21 荀子之道,是发现的还是发明的?
from 道可道 This is The Way
我们首次讨论——荀子!作为公元前3世纪的儒家哲学家,荀子以「性恶论」著称,并质疑传统儒家礼的超自然或迷信式辩护。在本期播客中,我们会先勾勒荀子总体的哲学世界观;再转向一个核心问题:荀子认为儒家之「道」,是圣人所「发现」的,还是圣人「创制/构造」的规范体系?对这个问题的思考有助于我们理解伦理及其根基、以及伦理价值在多大程度上依赖人类公约。时间轴0:00 Part I 聊了聊当今公共生活中的信任与专业性 Open-ended discussion of trust andexpertise in public life these days15:00 对荀子的简介30:23 Part II -- 荀子之道,是发现的还是发明的? Is Xunzi's Way discovered or invented?37:11节选:涉水渡河41:51 「首圣问题」The problem of the first sage46:23 发现还是发明? Discovered or invented?53:46 桥梁类比:部分为发明,部分为发现 The bridge analogy: some parts invented, some parts discovered1:04:30 爵士乐类比 The jazz analogy1:06:47 传统的延续(绳索类比)The continuity of the tradition (rope analogies)重点讨论段落涉水渡河 “Fording a River”水行者表深,表不明则陷。治民者表道,表不明則乱。礼者,表也。非礼,昏世也;昏世,大乱也。故道无不明,外內异表,隐显有常,民陷乃去。(Xunzi, chapter 17, lines 237-46, Eric Hutton’s translation; note that there’s a similar passage in chapter 27)目前节目持续更新中,每周一与你见面,欢迎订阅收听!如果你有任何想法或建议,欢迎在评论区留言,或前往 Warp, Weft, and Way 网站参与讨论。其他参考资料Jonathan Rauch, The Constitution of Knowledge人身攻击谬误 the ad hominem fallacyThrasymachus, as depicted in Plato’s RepublicXunzi 荀子 (公元前3世纪,儒家哲学家)李斯 (法家丞相,史载为荀子弟子)韩非子 (法家思想家,亦被认为受教于荀子)秦朝 (公元前221-206)T.C.Kline III and Justin Tiwald, Ritual and Religion inthe Xunzi元伦理学 metaethics (研究伦理的基础与根据)PhilipJ. Ivanhoe, Chinese Language,Thought, and Culture: Nivison and His Critics (讨论所谓「首圣问题」)T.C.Kline III, “Moral Agency andMotivation in the Xunzi” (also addresses thefirst sage problem)先王 (在 chapter 27’s version 版本中,置标者)建构主义解读 the constructivist interpretation (认为「道」乃被「创制/构造」)实在论解读 the realist interpretation (认为关于「道」的真理不以人间约定为本,「道」乃被「发现」)天下无二道,圣人无两心 (《荀子》, ch. 21)《荀子》, ch. 5 (段落暗示历代圣人曾提出不同之范式)延伸阅读 on the “discovered orinvented?” question: Paul Goldin’s StanfordEncyclopedia of Philosophy article on Xunzi, section 5, “Is the Way Discovered or Constructed?” Eric Hutton and Kurtis Hagen debate the constructivist interpretation in the journal Dao, vol. 6 no. 4 (2007) — see Hutton’s book review, Hagen’s reply, and Hutton’s further response Siufu TANG, Self-Realization Through Confucian Learning and “Metaphysics of Normative Values: Metaethical Constructivism and Xunzi“ David Wong, “Xunzi’s Metaethics“特别鸣谢 The Hong Kong Ethics Lab 的支持和赞助,以及 Warp, Weft andWay 网站对讨论环节的支持。主持人:Richard Kim's websiteJustin Tiwald's website音频剪辑 & 中文 show notes: Lena在小宇宙查看该单集文稿
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Ep21 荀子之道,是发现的还是发明的?
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