EP48「知腦不煩惱,親子師生相處更融洽(青少年腦科學觀點) !」by 朴世光心理師

EPISODE · Mar 12, 2022 · 21 MIN

EP48「知腦不煩惱,親子師生相處更融洽(青少年腦科學觀點) !」by 朴世光心理師

from 懂心理,調出好關係 《Healthy Relationship》 · host 姜尚文心理師,朴世光心理師

家長或老師要與青少年有更融洽的相處, 首先要了解青少年這個時期的大腦的特別之處, (一)  前額葉的發展:前額葉是負責理性和思考的地方  一般來說青少年的這部分發展尚未成熟,不只是思考上的不成熟,  而且無法有效地處理從杏仁核所傳入的情緒刺激,  所以常常會有情緒衝動的情況產生,  若是身旁的人不理解此種情況,許多衝突因此而產生,  會造成青少年與身邊人的困擾, 關係因而處於緊張狀態。   (二)杏仁核:這部分是跟情緒的處理有關    此時期的杏仁核容易受到青少年時期賀爾蒙巨大變化的影響,    因此容易有很大的情緒波動,一點小事情,就會有很大的反應,    而這些情緒往往又無法被尚未成熟的前額葉去控制,    所以青少年不時的會受到情緒上的波動,    不只影響自己,也影響身邊的人。    如何面對這種情形呢?  鼓勵家長或老師,可以用666 這種心法,  當衝突來臨時,為了讓自己不要隨之起舞的發怒,  先用六秒鐘的時間,在心理說周遭六件事物,  或是心理說六樣不同的顏色,  如此可以讓當事人的心情得以轉移和冷靜,  等情緒過後再進行好的處理和溝通。    因為家長或老師的穩定,不僅可以避開無謂的衝突,  也可以給孩子一個情緒穩定的榜樣,久了之後,  孩子內化了穩定的形象,也有助於孩子的成長。        (三)紋狀體尾狀核:這部分是與獎勵系統有關  當人得到獎勵時,會有愉悅的心情,跟此處腦部的構造有關,  然而,這種好心情的感受,會隨這10歲-26歲逐步下降,   例如,越小的孩子,給他一個小玩具或是糖果,  他就會很興奮很開心,過來謝謝你。  但是同樣的東西,給一個青少年,他會變成無感,  這不是他故意的,而是一個正常發展的狀態,  青少年的獎賞,比較是以社會激勵來獎賞自己。  他們會在與他人競爭的比較下,因為有好成績好表現來肯定自己,  所以家長和老師如何在此處去鼓勵孩子,就顯得很重要了,  我們都知道成績不代表一切,也不代表自我的價值,  但是此時期青少年的心智發展,自然會有這種社會激勵的傾向,  他們很容易用外在的成就,考試的結果來肯定或否定自我,  許多孩子因為無法適應和轉化自己的失敗,  會有許多的情緒困擾,  所以,與其靠外界的肯定,  還不如協助孩子開始學習自我肯定,  此時身旁人的引導就顯得很重要了,  平日在適合的時候,可以協助孩子可以看到自身內在的價值,  例如讓孩子看到自己有勇敢,負責,愛心,努力等好的個性等,  當孩子可以建立起內在的自我,來肯定和認同自己,  孩子一定是可以有信心面對人生的考驗的。 Powered by Firstory Hosting

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EP48「知腦不煩惱,親子師生相處更融洽(青少年腦科學觀點) !」by 朴世光心理師

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