Genesis 10

Genesis 10 read aloud, in a fresh direct translation from the Hebrew — plain modern English, nothing added. Translator's notes: • Genesis 10:11 — מִן־הָאָרֶץ הַהִוא יָצָא אַשּׁוּר (min-haaretz hahi yatza Ashur): chose "Asshur went out". Alternatives: taking Nimrod as the one who went out and built the Assyrian cities. Why: in the Hebrew word order Asshur stands as the subject of the verb "went out," so the rendering follows the sentence as it stands. • Genesis 10:21 — אֲחִי יֶפֶת הַגָּדוֹל (achi Yefet haggadol): chose "the elder brother of Japheth". Alternatives: "the brother of Japheth the elder". Why: the Hebrew puts "the elder" where it can describe either Shem or Japheth; the rendering attaches it to Shem as the one this verse is introducing, and the Hebrew leaves the other reading open.