EPISODE · Nov 27, 2023 · 9 MIN
Hayom Yom 14 Kislev - Four levels: Tzaddik, Yashar, Tamim, Chassid
from The daily Hayom Yom with Rabbi Yosef Katzman
מְבָרְכִין בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן בְּכוֹס שֶׁל בְּרָכָה, אַף שֶׁאֵין עֲשָׁרָהThe Grace after Meals is recited over a cup of wine even if a quorum of ten is not present. הַכּוֹס עַל כַּף הַיַד וְהָאֶצְבָּעוֹת זְקוּפוֹתThe cup is placed on the palm of the hand with the fingers upraisedאוֹחֵז הַכּוֹס מֵאֲמִירַת "רַבּוֹתַי מִיר וועֶלעֶן בּעֶנטשעֶן" עַד אֲחַרֵי סִיוּם בְּרָכָה שְׁלִישִׁיתThe cup is held from the recitation of the phrase Rabosai, mir veln bentshen until the end of the third blessing.שֶׁאָז מַעֲמִידוֹ עַל הַשֻלְחָןAt that point, it is placed on the table.בְּאַחַת מִשִּׂיחוֹתָיו בִּאֵר אַאַמוּ"ר וְתוֹכֶן דְּבָרָיוIn one of his talks, my revered father, the Rebbe [Rashab], explained [the following concept]. To sum up his words:יֵשׁ צַדִּיק יָשָׁר תָּמִים חָסִידThere are [four levels]: tzaddik (a righteous man), yashar (an upright man), tamim (an earnest person), and chassid. צַדִּיק עַל שֵׁם קִיּוּם מִצְוֹת עֲשֵׂה— מַמְשִׁיךְ גִּלּוּיִים דְּסֵדֶר הַהִשְׁתַּלְשְׁלוּתThe title tzaddik denotes one’s observance of the positive commandments, for he draws down spiritual revelations [measured out] according to the limits of the spiritual cosmos. יָשָׁר עַל שֵׁם קִיּוּם לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה — גִּלּוּיִים לְמַעְלָה מִסֵּדֶר הַהִשְׁתַּלְשְׁלוּתThe title yashar points to one’s observance of the prohibitive commandments, which evokes revelations that transcend the limits of the spiritual cosmos. תָּמִים — עֶרנסטקַייט — גִּלּוּיִים דְּטַעַם עֵצוֹ וּפִרְיוֹ שָׁוִיםThe title tamim reflects earnestness, which draws down the revelations that are alluded to by the metaphor, “The taste of the tree and the fruit were identical.” הִתְחַבְּרוּת סוֹבֵב כָּל עָלְמִין וּמְמַלֵא כָּל עָלְמִיןHis conduct unites G‑d’s transcendent light (sovev kol almin) with His immanent light (memaleh kol almin).לְמַעְלָה מִכּוּלָּם חָסִיד, וְיֵשׁ בָּזֶה ג' מַדְרֵגוֹתAbove them all is the title chassid, whose rung comprises three levels:א) שֶׁעִנְיָנֵי הָעוֹלָם אֵינָם מַטְרִידִים וּמְבַלְבְּלִים אוֹתוֹ(a) One who is neither troubled nor disturbed by worldly matters. כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד יָכוֹל לְהַגִּיעַ לָזֶה וְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד מְחוּיָּב לְהַגִּיעַ לָזֶהThis is a level that everyone can reach, and is obligated to reach.ב) שֶׁכָּל עִנְיָנָיו הֵם אֱלֹקוּת(b) One whose concerns are solely about G‑dliness. וְאַף שֶׁלֹּא רְחוֹקָה הִיא מִמְּךָ גו', מִכָּל מָקוֹם אֵין זֶה שַׁיָּךְ לְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָדAlthough “this is not distant from you,” it is not relevant to everyone.ג) מַה שֶׁכָּתוּב בְּתִקּוּנֵי זֹהַר: אֵיזֶהוּ חָסִיד הַמִתְחַסֵּד עִם קוֹנוֹ עִם קֵן דִּילֵיהּ(c) The level described in Tikkunei Zohar: “Who is a chassid? One who is benevolent (mis’chassed) towards his Creator (Kono) — that is, towards his nest (ken dilei).”וּפִרֵשׁ בְּסֵפֶר שֶׁל בֵּינוּנִים שֶׁזֶּהוּ לְיַחֲדָא קוּדְשָׁא בְּרִיךְ הוּא וּשְׁכִינְתֵּיהּ בַּתַּחְתּוֹנִיםAs explained in Tanya, this refers to a person whose Divine service is motivated by his desire to unite the Holy One with His Shechinah, thereby illuminating even the lower realms, וְלֹא לְרַוּוֹת נַפְשׁוֹ הַצְּמֵאָה בִּלְבַדand not motivated merely by a desire to satisfy his thirsting soul.Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English
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Hayom Yom 14 Kislev - Four levels: Tzaddik, Yashar, Tamim, Chassid
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