Human Values

The theory of basic human values is cross-cultural psychology and universal values that was developed by Shalom H. Schwartz. He postulated the human values from an integrated conceptual system. “To my mind the life of a lamb is no less precious than that of a human being. I should be unwilling to take the life of a lamb for the sake of the human body. I hold that, the more helpless a creature, the more entitled it is to the protection by man from the cruelty of man.” — Mahatma Gandhi “You must not lose faith in humanity. Humanity is an ocean; if a few drops of the ocean are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty.” — Mahatma Gandhi “Human values are born with man. They are not got from outside. Man in his ignorance is not aware of these values, when man sheds his ignorance, he will experience his divine nature.” Sathya Sai Baba “The sincere effort to accept and promote the human values — Truth, Right Conduct, peace, non-violence, and love. These five values are essential for a full and worthwhile life as the five vital airs or pranas mentioned in the scriptures.” Sathya Sai Baba “Let us not accept violence as the way of peace. Let us instead begin by respecting true freedom; the resulting peace will be able to satisfy the world’s expectations, for it will be a peace built on justice, a peace founded on the incomparable dignity of the free human being.” — Pope John Paul The six types of human values are autonomy, community, creativity, justice, power and self-direction. These values are the things that motivate us to do what we do and make decisions based on these values. Autonomy is the ability to be self-directed and take charge of our own actions. In developmental psychology and moral, political and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a level of discretion granted to an employee in his or her work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient’s personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine. Autonomy is a key concept that has a broad impact on different fields of philosophy. In metaphysical philosophy, the concept of autonomy is referenced in discussions about free will, fatalism, determinism, and agency. In moral philosophy, autonomy refers to subjecting oneself to objective moral law. Institutional autonomy is having the capacity as a legislator to be able to implant and pursue official goals. Autonomous institutions are responsible for finding sufficient resources or modifying their plans programs, courses, responsibilities, and services accordingly. But in doing so, they must contend with any obstacles that can occur, such as social pressure, against cut-backs or socioeconomic difficulties. From a legislator’s point of view to increase institutional autonomy, conditions of self-management and institutional self-governance must be put in place. An increase in leadership and a redistribution of decision-making responsibilities would be beneficial to the research of resources.