Simpler or Complex: Rethinking Occam's Razor in Modelling Science

Is simplicity always the smartest choice in science? Or could complexity be the key to groundbreaking discoveries? This episode explores the evolving role of simplicity and complexity in scientific modelling, questioning the age-old principle of Occam's razor in light of modern advancements: Plurality should not be posited without necessity. Discover how digital approaches, from computational modelling to simulated clinical trials, are reshaping medical product development, making healthcare safer, more efficient, and unexpectedly precise. As we journey through recent research and breakthroughs, you'll gain insights into the tension between simple and complex scientific models, and how they impact the healthcare landscape. Whether you're a researcher, regulator, patient representative, or just curious about the future of medicine, this episode unpacks the concept of parsimony and its implications, especially as technology progresses. Learn about the balance between simplicity and complexity and how they complement each other as tools in science. Source: Dubova M, Chandramouli S, Gigerenzer G, Grünwald P, Holmes W, Lombrozo T, Marelli M, Musslick S, Nicenboim B, Ross LN, Shiffrin R, White M, Wagenmakers EJ, Bürkner PC, Sloman SJ. Is Ockham's razor losing its edge? New perspectives on the principle of model parsimony. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Feb 4;122(5):e2401230121.