Curso de Inglês britânico

Read this lesson as usual, then answer the questions about the preceding one. What are David and Joan doing? Where does David want to go next week-end? Does he want to drive to Birmingham? Does he want to drive to Brighton? Who is arriving next week-end? How often does she come? What will they do? Do you think they will go by train? Will the weather be fine? Where will David meet his mother-in-law? When do people take their holidays? The four seasons are: spring, summer, autumn, winter.

Holiday plans David and Joan are discussing their plans. I think we'll go to Brighton next week-end. But why? There's nothing to do at this time of the year. I know, but look - if the weather is fine, we can drive along the coast. and visit all those little villages. Yes, but David, er... My mother's coming next weekend. Damn! - But she only comes once a year! Yes, and it's always when we want to go away. You mean: when you want to go away. I'm sorry. - She's arriving on Friday. Then we'll take her with us and visit the antique shops. She'll feel at home among all those old things. David! Don't be nasty! I'll meet her at the station, then we'll be able to make our plans together.

Give me that wallet, it's mine. How do you know? - Well, it's not yours, and there are ten punds inside it. He borrows my things, but he isn't pleased when I borrow his. These people are all friends of hers. They want to come to the party. What, all of them? - Well, perhaps only a few of them. Where is my pen? Here, you can use mine. - That's very kind of you. Whose is this sports car? - It's theirs. I suppose they are very rich. - No, their house is smaller than yours. In fact, they live in a tent! A cynic So you're going to marry Harold. What is he like? He's honest, kind, gentle, sweet and noble. And what are you going to eat? A cynic is a person who knows the price of everything and the value of nothing (Oscar Wilde).

The future We will now look at the future tense. You form the future tense by putting "will" in front of nearly all our verbs. For instance, the verb "to dress", in the future, becomes "I will dress; you will dress". We continue with the contraction: "We'll dress, you'll dress, they'll dress." You see, it's easy! Let's look at some sentences in the future: I'll go to the cinema tonight if you'll come with me. You will learn English quickly if you read a lesson every day. The word "shall" is mainly used for suggestions: It's raining, shall we take a taxi? How much money will you need? Shall I give you some more? Will you give me some more coffee, please? How will you go to work? The tube's on strike. - I'll take my car. Shall I phone the office and tell them you'll be late? I'll drive; you'll be late; you will have problems.

Revisions and Notes

Success Peter and Dave are fishing: Pete. - I've got a bite! Dave. - Is it a trout? Pete. - Ow, no! It's a wasp! Little girl. - Please drink your tea, Mr Williams. I want to watch you. Mr Williams. - Of course my dear. But why? Little girl. - Because Mummy says you drink like a fish! Heavenly Father, bless us and keep us all alive. There are eight of us for dinner and there's only enough for five. What is the longest word in English? - I don't know. "Smiles", because there is a mile between the first and the last letter. Keep quiet in the library. People are reading. I don't want this old pullover. You can keep it.

Useful expressions Can I help you? - Yes, I'm looking for... Please sit down. You looked tired. Have a drink. What will you have? Can you tell me the way to the town centre? London is larger than Paris by smaller than New York. Please come in. Make yourself at home. Sorry, say that again. I don't like beetroot. - No, neither do I. Can't you do better than that? This lesson is more interesting than the first one. I can't speak English fluently yet, but I can understand quite well. Please speak a little slower. Thanks. How far is it from London to Edinburgh? He won't speak to you, he's in a bad mood.

London London is larger than Paris but smaller than New York. There are more than eight million inhabitants in Greater London, more than the populations of Scotland and Wales together. Inner London is smaller. Here you find the "West End" with its theatres and the City, which is the financial centre of England. It is also the oldest part of London and still has some ancient traditions. For example, the Lord Mayor of London is mayor of the City only. The most important part of the City is the Stock Exchange which is as important as the Bourse in Paris. In almost every street, there is a beautiful church, often designed by Wren. Among the places of interest to see are Trafalgar Square, with its colony of pigeons and four bronze lions; and the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben. In fact, it is the bell and not the clock which is called Big Ben.

At the Pub (David and Pete are paying darts.) I'm good, Pete, but I think you're better. No, that's not true. Oh, sixty! Perhaps you're right. Hey, look, your're closer than me. - Yes, but I'm short-sighted. That's no excuse. You can see from here. Yes, but not very well. Anyway, I don't always win. But you can buy the drinks. You're richer than me. Alright. What do you want? - I want to win. Pete is richer than David, but David is happier. I'm bigger than you. - Yes, but I'm more intelligent. How is your poor father? - He's worse, I'm afraid. This is the best way to go to the museum. Close, closer, closest; rich, richer, richest; good, better, best; more intelligent, most intelligent. .................... 1. O Sr. Pode me dizer o caminho para o Museu Britânico? 2. Mmm…Deixe-me ver…Sim. O Sr. está a pé? 3. Sim, estou. - Então suba a Charing Cross Road e tome a Shaftsburry Avenue. 4. Vou chega à New Oxford Street. Eh, então é, eh, bem em frente, eu acho. 5. Sim, é isto, bem em frente é o Bloomsbury Street. - Desculpe, poderia repetir (diga) isso de novo? 6. Bem em frente, você tem a Bloomsbury Street. Desça lá, é à sua direita. 7. Não há engano (você não pode perder-la). 8. Muito obrigado. - De nada. ————— 9. Tome uma cerveja. - Não quero, mas tome uma você. 10. Vou tomar (eu vou). Estou com muita sede. - Você está sempre com sede. 11. Talvez seja porque não bebo o suficiente. ————— Um glutão 12. (Uma mãe a seu filho, depois do sexto pedaço de bolo): 13. Tom, você é um glutão. Como você pode comer tanto. 14. Não sei. É apenas sorte.

Directions Can you tell me the way to the British Museum? Mmmm... Let me see. Yes. Are you on foot? Yes, I am. - Well, go up Charing Cross Road and take Shaftesbury Avenue. You come to New Oxford Street. Er, then it's, er, just opposite I think. Yes, that's it, just opposite is Bloomsbury Street. - Sorry, say that again? Just opposite, you've got Bloomsbury Street. Go down there and it's on your right. You can't miss it. Thanks very much. - That's okay. Have another beer. - I don't want one, but have one yourself. I will. I'm very thirsty. - You're always thirsty. Perhaps it's because I don't drink enough. A glutton (A mother to her son, after the sixth piece of cake): Tom, you are a glutton. How can you eat so much? I don't know. It's just good luck.

Directions Can you tell me the way to the British Museum? Mmmm... Let me see. Yes. Are you on foot? Yes, I am. - Well, go up Charing Cross Road and take Shaftesbury Avenue. You come to New Oxford Street. Er, then it's, er, just opposite I think. Yes, that's it, just opposite is Bloomsbury Street. - Sorry, say that again? Just opposite, you've got Bloomsbury Street. Go down there and it's on your right. You can't miss it. Thanks very much. - That's okay. Have another beer. - I don't want one, but have one yourself. I will. I'm very thirsty. - You're always thirsty. Perhaps it's because I don't drink enough. A glutton (A mother to her son, after the sixth piece of cake): Tom, you are a glutton. How can you eat so much? I don't know. It's just good luck. EXERCISES 1 Take the first street on the right. — 2 Turn left at the end of the road. — 3 It’s only a twenty minutes’ walk to Oxford Street. — 4 Sorry, say that again. I can’t hear — 5 Hurry up. Don’t miss the train. — 6 Opposite the church you can see the school.

REVISION AND NOTES Notas a raver: 29. (2)Os sobrenomes devem estar no plural, como se disséssemos "Os Silvas". (5)Amoiny: total, quantidade - neste caso 30(5) Após When só se usa o futuro quando se trata de uma pergunta 31(1)Few. pouco. There are few people: Há pouca gente. A few: alguns, não muitos. There are few apples: Há algumas maçãs. No singular diz-se little (sem o artigo indefinido). Há pouco tempo: There is little time. (2)Most. A maior parte. Most of them: a maior parte, a maioria deles. (7) Note a fórmula para traduzir dois infinitivos: ele quer vir ver: he wants to como and see (a repetição de to não soaria bem). 33 (5) Once: uma vez. Twice: duas vezes: There times: três vezes, etc. (6) O possessivo ('s) enprega-se com palavras que expremiem duração de tempo, bem como substantivos animados. Um ano de trabalho: a year's work. Um dia de feriado: a day's holiday. Uma caminhada de 5 horas: A five hour's walk. 34(1) He is coming: o presente progressivo com a ideia de futuro próximo ou certo. (2) For which [lição 33]: para o qual: for whom: para quem 1- Until. Quando se trata de tempo, "até" se traduz por until (ou till). Ele trabalha até às 9 horas: He works until nine o'clock. Falando de distância, diz-se to. Vá até o fim da rua: go to the end of the road. 2 Se. Esta partícula da língua portuguesa não tem tradução exata em inglês. Em seu lugar usam-se os pronomes pessoais we, you, they ou também people. Em outros casos recorre-se à forma passiva. 3 Expressões de quantidade. Mudam conforme o que se descreve é singular ou plural. Já vimos: much e many (e seu substituto: a lot of). Também temos little (pouco) diante de um substantivo singular, e few diante de um substantivo plural. He has little money and few friends (ele tem pouco dinheiro e poucos amigos). Colocando o artigo indefinido antes destas palavras, temos a little (um pouco): I speak a little German (falo um pouco de alemão); e a few (alguns, algumas): / know a few words of Spanish (sei algumas palavras de espanhol). 4 As palavras compostas. Já vimos a característica de simplicidade do inglês. Isso vale também para as palavras compostas. Quando em português dizemos jogo de dardos, a segunda palavra tem na verdade uma função de adjetivo em relação à primeira (que tipo de jogo?). Conseqüentemente, como todos os adjetivos, tal palavra adjetivante é colocada antes da palavra qualificada: darts-match. Da mesma forma tooth-brush-, escova de dentes; lorry-driver: motorista de caminhão etc. Mas atenção! Há uma diferença fundamental entre a whisky bottle e a bottle of whisky: no primeiro caso, trata-se da garrafa como recipiente, ou seja, uma garrafa feita para conter whisky, enquanto no segundo se trata de uma garrafa cheia de whisky, isto é, o conteúdo. Você poderá beber uma bottle of whisky, mas nunca uma whisky bottle. 5 Expressões a notar This restaurant is quite cheap: este restaurante é bastante barato. Go and buy some wine, please', vá comprar vinho, por favor. His job is better paid than his son's: seu trabalho é melhor pago que o do seu filho. The phone is ringing, answer it please: o telefone está tocando, atenda, por favor. The postman [pâustmen] comes twice a day: o carteiro vem duas vezes por dia. Have some fruit: pegue frutas. Depois destas trinta e cinco lições, você está satisfeito com o seu trabalho? Em muitos pontos, sem dúvida, seus conhecimentos ainda são hesitantes e vagos. Mas não se preocupe. À medida que avançarmos, voltaremos constantemente sobre o que já foi visto para que você não o esqueça. Isso vai acontecer sobretudo a partir da segunda onda, quando os exercícios incluirão tanto a lição nova como os pontos essenciais que precise revisar. Assim a repetição e atualização se farão automaticamente. Não duvide do êxito final!

David and Joan are going to the Marsden's for dinner. They arrive at seven thirty and Mr Marsden opens the door and invites them in. Come into the sitting-room and sit down. What will you have to drink? A whisky for me. - Joan, what will you have? A sherry, if I may. Dry, please. He serves the drinks and they all sit down. Mrs Marsden comes down stairs and joins them. The cook comes in and says: "Dinner is ready." They go into the dining-room. The meal is excellent. They eat soup, lamb, fruit salad and cheese. You're very lucky to have a cook, Mrs Marsden, says Joan. Yes. You see, I have so little time to cook. So do I. But David doesn't earn enough money, so... (There is an embarrassed silence.) Have a brandy, says Mr Marsden.

We'll see you tomorrow night at half-past seven. I've got nothing to do - and it makes me tired. Her husband drinks too much - or that is her opinion. His wife's spending worries him. You'll meet his son next week. He's coming to visit us. His son's record-player is much too noisy. My daughter always complains that I work too much. The man for whom I work is very mean. He doesn't pay me enough. Please excuse me, it is not my fault. I don't want to go home. May I come with you? Is it far to the tube station? - No, about five minutes' walk. What is the maximum penalty for bigamy? Two mothers-in-law.

Mr. Marsden is David's boss. He is the editor of the newspaper for which David works. There are many responsibilities in his job, but he enjoys it very much. In his wife's opinion, there are too many responsibilities; she never sees him! She prefers her son's job. He is a bank clerk and is home every day at six. His job is not as well paid as his father's, but he works less, and the holidays are better. In England, twice a year, there is a day's holiday called a "Bank Holiday" I'll be home late tonight, dear. - Why? I've got a new article about taxation to prepare. But you always go to the office early and come home late! I can't help it. An editor life, you know... And his wife's life...! I'll see you tonight, love, good-bye.

Here are some sentences with the verbs of the last few lessons: Joan types letters all morning. David receives a call from a friend. Joan cooks at home if she is not too tired. Is your husband still working? Yes, he is not home yet. Wait for him, he's extremely busy. The phone is ringing. Answer it, please. His wife works full-time, but he only works part-time. I can't afford a new car. They're too expensive. Let's go out to a restaurant tonight. No thanks, I'm not hungry, but I am thirsty: let's go to the pub.

Eating Sometimes, David and Joan go out to eat. There are very few English restaurants where they live. Most of them are either Indian or Chinese, with a few Italian ones. They like Indian food, though Joan finds it very hot. The meals are quite cheap and there is a lot to eat. They eat curry and rice and fruit - and Joan drinks a lot of water. You can find English food in pubs, as well as beer, but they shut quite early. Hello, darling. - Hello love. Do you want to go out to a restaurant tonight? No, I've cooked a roast. We're going to eat in. Okay, I'll go and buy some wine at the off-licence. Yes, but don't stop to play darts. No. The darts match was last night.

Hello, Joan, is David in? No, I'm afraid not. He isn't home yet. Is he still working? Yes. Sometimes he works until nine. Oh well, I can't wait. Tell him there's a darts match at the pub tonight. What time? - About half-past eight. If he's back in time, I'll tell him. Thanks. Bye Joan. - Good-bye Pete. Hurry up! I'm not ready yet. Are you still waiting to marry a millionaire? He always asks for money and I never have any. I can still remember a few words of German. Tell him about the match when he comes in.

Let's meet our friends the Wilsons again. At the office, David has a lot of work. He receives calls from people who phone to offer him information. If he can, he goes out to see them, but if he is too busy, he sends a colleague. Because his is a daily paper, the amount of work is huge. At her office, Joan types her boss's letters and answers the phone. She only works part-time, so she goes home at half past twelve. Then she does the housework, because they cannot afford a "help". When she finishes, she makes a cap of tea and reads a magazine. Then she starts preparing David's dinner. David usually arrives home about half-past six, but sometimes he works late and does not arrive home until nine o'clock.

Some idioms Here are some idioms. We already know some of them. Please close the window, my wife is cold. You are very lucky to have a charming wife. I don't want to swim. I'm scared of fish, especially sharks. You are right, it's very hot outside but I'm not hot. I'm going to bed. I'm very sleepy and it's late. You're wrong, today is the twenty-fifth and not the twenty-sixth. Come close to the fire, you're very cold. You're right, I'm freezing. I haven't got a coat and it's snowing. She's scared of ghosts and I'am afraid of the dark. I'm afraid I can't come, I have an important appointment. Never mind. You can come on Friday instead. The months of the year are: January; February; March; April; May; June; July; August; September; October; November; December.

Can you lend me five pounds? But I don't know you! That's exactly why I'm asking you. Teacher: - Jane, why do you always come to school with dirty hands? Jane: - Well, miss, I haven't got any others. A the concert This piece is a symphony by Mozart. I suppose it is something new. What! Don't you know that Mozart is dead? Excuse me, I never read the papers. He never talks to me. - Don't ever say that! Say: he always talks to other people. A nervous passenger I'm scared of the water. - Don't be silly, people never drown in these waters. Are you sure, young man? - Of course I am, the sharks never let anybody drown.

A polite conversation David and his wife are at a party. David is talking to a tall, good-looking woman. Hello, my name's David Wilson. - I'm Susan Price. What do you do, David? I'm a journalist. Oh, how interesting. Do you write for the "Times"? No. I work on the "Daily Wail", but I hope to change soon. And what about you? - Oh, I'm an author. I'm writing a book about British painters. Have we got any? - Don't be silly. Of course we have. People like Constable, Turner and so on. But it's taking a long time because the information is difficult to find. May I read it when it's finished? - With pleasure. Oh dear, my wife's looking at me. I had better go. What do you do? - I'm an author. What are you doing? - I'm learning English.

Here's the book. - Is it interesting? Yes, it's very interesting. There are the papers. - Where are they? There, on the bookcase. - Thank you. Here's your tea, James. Sugar? - No, thank you. Milk? - Yes please. Ow! It's very hot. - I'm sorry. Where's the ashtray? - Here, with my cigarettes. Where are the matches? - There, near your hand. - Thanks very much. Here's your tea. Here are my cigarettes. There's the radio. There are the matches. It's hot. It isn't very interesting. Hand; bookcase; matches. Yes please. No, thank you.

Where are you? We're here, in the house. But where's John? He's there, near the trees. They're in the house, but John isn't. He's near the trees. Where are my cigarettes? Are they on the table? Yes they are. - And my paper, where is it? It's there on the chair. Where's my paper? - Your paper is there. It's near the television. - Thank you. You're very kind. Where's John? Where are my cigarettes? Here; there; in; on.

An unwelcome conversation Excuse me, may I sit down? Please do. - Thanks very much. Ah that's better! My name's Brian Sellers. - Oh, very interesting. Yes, I work in London. Do you work in London too? Yes, I do. - Have a cigarette. No, thank you. This is a non-smoking compartment. Oh, do you mind if I smoke? - Yes, I do! I'm cold. Are you cold too? - No, I'm not. Oh, you have a paper. I don't like reading. I prefer talking. Yes, I see. - No, you hear. Ha! ha! ha! Good-bye sir. - Oh! good-bye. Do you mind if I smoke? - Mind your head. He's cold; he's hot; he's unlucky.

(Can I help you?) 1. Mummy, can I have some sweets? 2. You can, but you may not. 3. Oh, Mummy, may I have some sweets? 4. Of course, dear, help yourself. 5. Can I help you? 6. Yes please. I want a map of London. 7. Do you like this one? It's very detailed. 8. Yes, it's fine. How much is it? 9. Well, it casts twenty pence, but you can have it for fifteen pence. 10. Where can I find a telephone? 11. You can find one at the end of the street. 12. May I ask you something? - Of course. 13. Can you tell me the time? My watch doesn't work. 14. Certainly, it's exactly two o'clock.

(At the weekend) 1. At the weekend, people usually do not work. 2. On Sundays, everything is closed except the cinemas and a few shops. 3. Few people leave London, but many go to the parks. 4. There are many parks in London and there is much grass. 5. In the parks, you can walk anywhere (except on the lakes). 6. At the weekend, there is always too little time and too much to do. 7. Football is very popular and many people go and watch matches on Saturdays. 8. You can also go to the cinema or the theatre; or simple walk through the streets; but on Mondays, you go back to work. 9. Sunday; Monday; Tuesday; Wednesday; Thursday; Friday; Saturday. 10. On Saturdays; at the weekend; in October.

Revisions and Notes

1. Have you got any cigarettes? 2. Yes, what kind do you want? 3. Oh, Turkish ones please. - Here you are, sir. 4. Thank you. How much is that? Fifty pence, please. 5. Mother: - My son's a doctor of philosophy. 6. Neighbour: - Oh good. What kind of illness is "philosophy"? 7. A bargain 8. Do you want a carpet, sir? Here are some beautiful carpets. 9. How much is that little one? 10. It is a real Oriental carpet sir. It is magnificent. It costs fifty pounds. 11. Ridiculous! That's much too dear. 12. Well, make me on offer. 13. Fifty pence; and not one penny more. 14. What? Fifty pence for this real Turkish carpet? Well, take is sir, it's yours.

1. Answer these questions about lesson eighteen. 2. What does David do on the train? 3. Does he sit down? 4. What are commuters? 5. How long does the journey take? 6. Does he walk quickly? Why? 7. On what floor is his office? 8. Does he arrive on time? 9. What does his wife do with the dishes? 10. What time does she leave the house? 11. Is her office near or far? 12. He office is near the house; it is close. 13. The shop closes at six o,clock. 14. Please sit down. - No, I prefer to stand.

(Husband and wife) 1. On the train, David reads his paper. 2. He stands because the train is full. 3. People that travel to work every day are called "commuters" 4. The journey takes twenty minutes and he has ten minutes to walk to the office. 5. He hasn't much time, so he walks quickly. 6. He crosses the City and arrives at his office. 7. He takes the lift to the fourth floor. 8. He goes to his desk and sits down. He is on time. 9. His wife Joan washes the dishes and leaves the house at ten to nine. 10. Her office is quite near, so she always walks. 11. It takes her eight minutes to arrive at her office. 12. She is a secretary in an accountants firm. 13. At nine o'clock, both the Wilsons are working.

1. What time is your train? - At eight thirty. 2. Well hurry up! It's eight fifteen already. 3. Alright! Keep calm. 4. But David, you're late. 5. Don't shout. I can hear you. 6. Where are my shoes? - Here, with your briefcase. 7. Okay. I'm ready. - At last! 8. What time is it now? - It's twenty past eight. 9. Right. I'm off. Bye-bye love. - Good-bye! 10. It's now twenty-five past eight. David is at the station. 11. He has his paper under his arm. 12. His briefcase is on the platform and he is waiting for the eight-thirty train. 13. "It's never on time", he says impatiently. 14. What time is it? Hurry up. - I'm off.

1. Where do you live? - I live in a suburb called Harrow. 2. How do you go to work? - I take the tube every morning. 3. Why do you take the train? You've got a car. 4. There is too much traffic and there are too many people. 5. And petrol is too expensive. 6. When do you use your car? - At weekends. 7. We go to the country. We go to Windsor quite often. 8. I don't know Windsor. 9. I'm going there on Saturday. Do you want to come? 10. Yes, please. 11. Too much traffic; too many cars. Too much noise; too many people.

Let's meet David Hello, I'm David Wilson. I live in a suburb of London. It's called Harrow. There's a famous school here. I work in London. I'm a journalist on the "Daily Wail". I travel to work by tube. I go from the station to the office on foot. What is his name? - He's David Wilson. Where does he live? - He lives in Harrow. Does he travel to work by car? No, he takes the tube, he doesn't take his car. Hello, I'm David Wilson. I'm a journalist. My wife's a secretary. We both work in London.

Revisions and Notes

Where do you live? - I live in London. Do you like it? - Yes, I like big cities. Do you? Not really. I prefer the country. How do you spend your evenings in the country? I read, I work in the garden. My wife paints. Does she paint portraits? No, she paints the bathroom and the hall. Does your wife like the country too? No, she prefers hotels in London. To read is the infinitive of the verb. She likes to read novels. I prefer to live in the country. She doesn't like to live in the country. There is a lot of work.

Do I play? do we play? do they play? does he (or does she) play? I don't (do not) play; we don't play; you don't play; they don't play; he (or she) doesn't (does not) play. I like cars but I don't like motor-bikes. Do you like sugar in your coffee? - Yes please, and a little milk. She plays the piano but not very well. Fortunately, she doesn't play the violin! Do you play rugby? - Oh no, I'm too old. Can I help you? - Do you sell socks? Do you want anything from the shop? I have something important to tell you. Do you play bridge? - No, I don't. Well, something else perhaps? Poker? Yes, but I don't play for money.

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