Tech Disruptors

“One of the things that’s been universally true ... is the human desire to travel is really strong. It’s very consistent,” says James Waters, chief business officer of Booking.com. Waters joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Nicole D’Souza on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss the outlook for global travel demand. They also explore the effect of macroeconomic and geopolitical trends on the industry and how Booking.com is using AI to enhance trip planning, customer service and marketing. The conversation examines the company’s competitive positioning, loyalty strategy and growth in alternative accommodations and experiences, as well as how Booking is preparing for an AI-driven future in travel.

The chip design industry continues to push the frontier of semiconductor power, performance and area. On this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, Synopsys Vice President of AI and Machine Learning Thomas Andersen discusses the evolution of the company’s AI portfolio. He joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Niraj Patel to explain how Synopsys progressed from leveraging AI through reinforcement learning across design, verification and test workflows to introducing AgentEngineer, a multi-agent AI-orchestrated workflow. Andersen also discusses the intersection of simulation and electronic design automation (EDA), the role of humans in the loop for chip design, AI’s current shortcomings, the pace of AI-tool adoption, the industry’s path beyond Moore’s law and much more.

In this episode IOWN Global Forum board members Chris Wright (Chief Technology Officer and Senior Vice President of Global Engineering, Red Hat) and Jefferson Wang (Chief Strategy & Innovation Officer, Cloud, Accenture) talk through the accelerating shift towards photonics-based networks and how this next-generation technology can help unlock the full potential of the AI economy. Replacing electrical-based connectivity with optics promises to drastically increase processing speeds, reduce latency, and lower power consumption for high-demand AI, cloud computing, and financial networks.

Uniphore CEO Umesh Sachdev joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Mandeep Singh on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss his company’s platform for developing ontologies compared with the use of forward-deployed engineers (FDEs) by hyperscalers and frontier large-language-model companies. He explores Uniphore’s approach to leveraging small language models for use cases such as claims and billing, as well as the trade-offs with frontier models used for cybersecurity and coding agents.

“So, there are plenty of failure points, and when you have hundreds of thousands or millions of something, something will eventually fail,” Peter Salanki, co-founder and CTO of CoreWeave, tells Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Technology Analyst Anurag Rana. “Instead of throwing out half the potential capacity, we say that we expect some of these to fail. Then we build systems, automation and processes around handling those failures gracefully.” In this episode of Tech Disruptors, the pair discuss why AI infrastructure requires a fundamentally different architecture to traditional CPU-based cloud. Salanki also explains how CoreWeave is addressing training, inference and agentic workloads while navigating token costs, Nvidia chip demand and power constraints.

The governance landscape for AI agents is evolving amid new developments around agentic workflows, says SailPoint President Matt Mills. He joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Mandeep Singh on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast. The conversation also explores how agentic AI could reshape identity governance, from internal functions and product capabilities to potential shifts in pricing models and customer adoption.

“Source code became almost free, like cheap and not important. And binaries became king because this is the outcome,” says Shlomi Ben Haim, co-founder and CEO of JFrog. Ben Haim joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Mandeep Singh in this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss the impact of large-language-model coding agents, the challenges of keeping up with model guardrails, and why software supply-chain security and governance are top of mind for modern enterprises. Ben Haim explains how JFrog acts as the infrastructure and control plane for developer workflows, using JFrog Boost, a Model Context Protocol registry and JFrog Curation to help customers optimize token consumption, block malicious packages and automate software governance without compromising speed.

“The minute it worked, we actually started to use smaller models for the things we knew that it worked and see what they could accomplish at a fraction of the price,” says Matt Hicks, CEO of Red Hat, in a discussion with Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Technology Analyst Anurag Rana. In this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, the pair discuss Red Hat’s role inside IBM, the durability of hybrid cloud and why OpenShift, virtualization and AI are becoming key growth drivers. Hicks explains how Red Hat is applying AI across engineering and business operations, using smaller models, containers and OpenShift to help customers build more flexible, cost-efficient AI infrastructure.

“Data centers are here to stay, and the world is going to need them as AI adoption accelerates,” says Steven Siesser, partner at Lowenstein Sandler, chair of the firm’s private equity practice and co-lead of its data center practice, in conversation with Bloomberg Intelligence’s Associate Director of Research Alexandra Davidov and Senior Technology Analyst Anurag Rana. In this episode of Tech Disruptors, they discuss how AI data centers are reshaping infrastructure finance, from hyperscaler-backed leases and neo-cloud credit risk to private equity, private credit and sovereign capital. Siesser explains why power, community acceptance and supply-chain constraints remain key bottlenecks, while long-term leases and hyperscaler demand are reshaping how lenders underwrite the build-out.

The cybersecurity industry is facing unprecedented challenges as AI models become more capable. On this episode of Tech Disruptors, SentinelOne co-founder and CEO Tomer Weingarten talks about deploying security for AI agents and the evolution of the security operations center (SOC) with LLMs. He joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Mandeep Singh to discuss the impact of Anthropic Mythos, M&A in cybersecurity and the changing nature of attacks as tools become more sophisticated.

Matt Fitzpatrick, CEO of Invisible Technologies, joins Bloomberg Intelligence’s Mandeep Singh on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss the use of reinforcement learning by frontier model providers for training, as well as the company’s enterprise business. They explore reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), agentic AI and self-improvement, the evolution of large language models, coding agents and contact centers.

Artificial intelligence is reshaping banking infrastructure, from accelerating core migrations to enabling agentic experiences that can automate complex workflows. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s Tech Disruptors podcast, Vishal Dalal, chief product officer of financial solutions at Fiserv, joins BI fintech and payments analyst Diksha Gera to discuss how banks are using AI to modernize legacy systems and improve data quality while managing security, compliance and governance risks. The conversation explores Fiserv’s vision for AgentOS, an intelligence layer that sits on top of bank data and applications, enabling agents to interact dynamically across platforms.

As AI infrastructure scales up, the conversation is moving beyond graphic processing units (GPUs). Faster compute creates new pressure on the data layer, and companies are increasingly focused on whether their infrastructure can move, manage, protect and deliver data fast enough to keep AI systems productive. In this episode of Tech Disruptors, Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Woo Jin Ho speaks with Alex Bouzari, CEO of DDN, about the company’s role in AI data infrastructure, the shift from storage to broader data platforms, DDN’s high-performance computing heritage, its work with Nvidia and the business-model changes taking shape as AI moves from experimentation to production.

“It’s clear to us that the world is short compute right now, and the industry is racing to catch up,” Rob Bittencourt, partner and head of thematic investing at Apollo, tells Bloomberg Intelligence’s Alexandra Davidov and Paul Gulberg on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast. Bittencourt discusses why AI is becoming a private-credit story, with trillions of dollars of data-center, power, chip and infrastructure investment needed to support the next phase of adoption. He also explains how Apollo underwrites AI infrastructure risk, why hyperscaler demand and investment-grade financing matter, and how investors should separate temporary software valuation resets from true business-model disruption.

“This year is a much more radical technology shift and the most consequential, I believe, ever. But still, you need all foundations of the house to be in order,” Sebastian Steinhaeuser, Chief Operating Officer at SAP, tells Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Technology Analyst Anurag Rana. In this episode of Tech Disruptors, the pair discuss SAP’s autonomous enterprise vision, the rise of Joule assistants and agents, and why AI may strengthen the case for cloud migration, data modernization, and application consolidation. Steinhaeuser explains how SAP is embedding business process context, governance, and industry-specific knowledge into its agentic layer while navigating shifts in software pricing, model strategy, and customer demand for measurable AI adoption.

“Every data center will need some part of AI capabilities to run workloads like inference, because it’s just becoming such a fundamental part of all of this cloud technology,” says Alistair Speirs, general manager of Microsoft’s Azure Infrastructure. Speirs joins Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Technology Analyst Anurag Rana on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss how AI infrastructure is reshaping the modern data center, from liquid cooling and dense networking to custom silicon and distributed supercomputing. Speirs explains how Azure is preparing for a world where training, inference and traditional workloads increasingly converge, making software-defined infrastructure, power availability and global scale central to Microsoft’s cloud strategy.

Bloomberg Intelligence Head of Technology Research Mandeep Singh is joined by Nicole Hu, a Silicon Valley technology veteran and GLG expert, to explore the implications of Google’s TurboQuant paper and the evolving economics of AI infrastructure. As hyperscalers look to improve the efficiency of AI workloads, advances in quantization are redefining the tradeoffs between memory and compute, with far-reaching implications for cost, latency, and datacenter architecture. They examine how new approaches to model optimization and inference could reshape hardware requirements, deployment strategies, and the next wave of AI investment.

“OpenAI has only two AI accelerator compute vendors in production today, Cerebras and Nvidia,” Cerebras CEO Andrew Feldman says. Four days after Cerebras went public, Feldman joined Bloomberg Intelligence’s Kunjan Sobhani to discuss the company’s next chapter and the rapidly shifting AI infrastructure landscape. Feldman breaks down the OpenAI deal, the strategic AWS partnership around disaggregated inference and why Cerebras believes fast inference is becoming the industry’s defining battleground. He explains how Cerebras evolved from building the world’s largest chip to operating one of the fastest inference platforms, why disaggregated inference could reshape hyperscale AI deployments and how the company is navigating power, memory and data-center constraints. The episode also explores the competitive landscape beyond GPUs and Feldman’s broader perspective on the next phase of AI compute.

Younger users of dating apps want “lower pressure” and “more authentic ways of connecting,” and Tinder’s new products aimed at meeting those needs appear to be aiding Match Group’s turnaround, CFO Steve Bailey says. Bailey joins Bloomberg Intelligence’s Nicole D’Souza on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss how dating-app behavior is changing after the pandemic, why Gen Z women are central to Tinder’s strategy, and how AI, product updates and helping users connect in real life could reshape growth.

“The more microservices that you have, the more agent-ready you are because you can at least start taking these components, and convert them into agent infrastructure,” says Asa Kalavade, vice president of AWS Transform to Bloomberg Intelligence senior technology analyst Anurag Rana. The pair discuss how agentic AI is accelerating legacy modernization across mainframe, NET, VMware and other enterprise workloads. Kalavade explains how AWS Transform combines deterministic methods with AI to understand old systems, generate modern code and shrink projects that once took years into far shorter timelines, while also making applications more cloud- and agent-ready. She notes that in just one year, AWS Transform has helped customers save more than 1.6 million hours of manual effort and analyze 4.5 billion lines of code as they migrate and modernize applications in the cloud.

Quantum computing is approaching an inflection point, with dozens of companies racing to be the first to achieve widespread commercialization. In this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, QuEra Computing Chief Commercial Officer Yuval Boger joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Jake Silverman to discuss why neutral atom quantum computing could prove the most successful among a variety of approaches and unlock scalable, lower-cost quantum systems. They also explore what quantum computing is, technological hurdles that exist today and the applications where quantum is likely to have the largest impact — potentially in just a few years — including drug discovery, logistics and AI.

As companies shift from one-way customer notifications to AI-powered, personalized conversations at scale, developers need advanced communications infrastructure to build omnichannel digital messages. Twilio — which powers B2C SMS, two-factor authentication, customer alerts and reminders alongside other digital interactions — has positioned itself as critical infrastructure for the AI era. Growth is accelerating and new products are poised to offer an added lift to revenue. In this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, CEO Khozema Shipchandler joins Bloomberg Intelligence senior telecom analyst John Butler to discuss Twilio’s turnaround, its new Conversations suite, digital messaging tools, and the rising importance of identity, governance and observability amid the rise of AI agents. They also explore voice and self-serve trends, carrier fees, competition and investment priorities.

AI agents are reshaping enterprise workflows, increasing the importance of organizational context and connected data. Atlassian CEO and co-founder Mike Cannon-Brookes joins Bloomberg Intelligence senior software analyst Sunil Rajgopal to discuss how Atlassian is embedding AI across Jira, Confluence and service-management tools through its Rovo platform and Teamwork Graph. “The future is about human and agent collaboration,” Cannon-Brookes says. The discussion also covers enterprise AI adoption, developer productivity and API-driven software infrastructure.

Seagate has become a critical enabler of hyperscale and AI-driven data infrastructure. In this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, CEO Dave Mosley tells Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Woo Jin Ho how storage demand is evolving with cloud and AI workloads, from nearline hard-disk-drive adoption to next-generation technologies such as HAMR. The podcast also explores how AI is reshaping storage architecture and data growth, Seagate’s approach to supply discipline and margin expansion and how competitive positioning influences its longer-term growth trajectory.

Enabling mid-market businesses to ramp up customer support and employee experience is Freshworks’ primary focus. The company is expanding its AI suite — AI Agents, AI Copilot and AI Insights — to handle a range of business tasks, from password resets to product returns, for its 75,000 customers. In this Tech Disruptors podcast episode, Freshworks CEO Dennis Woodside speaks with Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Niraj Patel about the company’s evolution from a small-business software provider to serving mid-market (500-5,000 employees) and enterprise clients. Tune in as Woodside discusses the SaaSpocalypse, opportunities beyond the IT service desk such as asset and operations management, evolving buyer behavior with AI tools, AI pricing and more.

“For commercial companies trying to operate in this space, they have to be willing to understand that what they’re building is fundamentally different, and if they’re not willing to invest in this way, they can struggle with adoption,” said Skyler Onken, co-founder of Twenty, an offensive-cyber company seeking to reshape cyber warfare. On this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, Onken joins Bloomberg Intelligence senior defense weapons analyst Wayne Sanders to discuss the speed, scaling and complexity of cyberspace operations in a new age of warfare. Offensive cyberspace operations were once a cloak-and-dagger domain reserved for top defense primes and the military. That has shifted in the US, where offensive cyber is becoming more scalable and commercialized, with strong results.

Stablecoins are emerging as the core plumbing of on-chain finance, pulling payments, reserves and eventually broader capital markets onto blockchain rails. In this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, Charles Cascarilla, CEO and co-founder of Paxos, joins BI analyst Diksha Gera to discuss how this shift can improve access, speed and efficiency across financial markets, with PayPal and Schwab as early proof points in payments and brokerage channels. Listen to hear why bringing assets on-chain could become a natural next step for financial institutions.

Zscaler CEO Jay Chaudhry discusses Anthropic’s Mythos and its implications for AI agent deployments in a wide-ranging conversation with Bloomberg Intelligence’s Mandeep Singh in this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast. They explore the changing nature of the cybersecurity landscape, from securing AI agent identities to zero-day attacks enabled by AI coding agents.

To solve the employee-support problem, “you actually have to solve the automation problem,” Serval co-founder and CEO Jake Stauch tells Bloomberg Intelligence senior technology analyst Anurag Rana on the Tech Disruptors podcast. In this episode, they discuss why Jake believes IT service-management (ITSM) providers such as ServiceNow are being disrupted by AI-native automation rather than better ticketing systems. They examine Serval’s approach to turning natural-language requests into deterministic workflows, why large enterprises are willing to replace entrenched ITSM platforms despite long migration cycles and how AI could reshape employee support, automation and the economics of internal service teams.

“Over 80% of Marketplace transactions are still self-service today, but the bulk of the revenue is enterprises buying large contracts,” Matt Yanchyshyn, vice president of AWS Marketplace and Partner Services, tells BI senior technology analyst Anurag Rana. Yanchyshyn explains how AWS Marketplace has evolved from an app-store-style catalog into an enterprise procurement channel offering private offers, co-sell, services, and software. The discussion unpacks why AI agents are the fastest-growing category on Marketplace, the shift toward solution bundles and how AWS is approaching model flexibility, governance and security as agents increasingly do discovery via MCP-style integrations.

AI agents are driving more experimentation and early production use cases across enterprise workflows. Box CEO Aaron Levie and AWS Director of Financial Services Market Development John Kain join Bloomberg Intelligence senior software analyst Sunil Rajgopal on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss how financial institutions are applying agentic AI to onboarding, compliance and document-heavy processes. “Agents can only be as effective as the context that they have,” Levie says, while Kain adds, “It’s not to replace the human decision process. It’s to accelerate the human decision process.” The conversation also explores data fragmentation, governance and guardrails, infrastructure-scaling challenges, and why companies remain in the early stages of enterprise-wide transformation.

AI’s expansion into enterprise use is exposing a gap between rapid prototyping and reliable deployment across the organization. Domino Data Lab CEO Nick Elprin joins Bloomberg Intelligence senior software analyst Sunil Rajgopal to discuss how model-driven organizations are putting AI to work in core-business settings, where governance and standardization are essential. As coding assistants enable domain experts to build full-stack analytics applications, “basic SaaS applications are pretty seriously threatened right now,” Elprin says. The conversation also explores why human-in-the-loop systems are still essential and how companies manage fragmentation risks as agentic AI evolves.

“We charged for outcomes with Fin…we’re charging when we did the work properly, and we weren’t charging when we didn’t,” Des Traynor, Intercom’s co-founder and chief strategy officer, tells Anurag Rana, senior technology analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence. In this Tech Disruptors episode, Traynor explains why Intercom chose to cannibalize its seat-based support software as a service to launch an AI agent that targets 60–70% resolution, and why outcome pricing changes everything from product design to unit economics. They also dig into what separates resolution from “deflection,” why most companies shouldn’t self-build support agents, how Intercom mixes models — including its own CX models — to optimize quality/cost and why 2026 is about expanding Fin from support into broader customer-facing roles.

Ericsson’s recent headway in securing contracts for 5G enterprise applications signals a rise in commercial deployments as business customers gain confidence in the technology’s potential to improve returns. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s Tech Disruptors podcast, Ericsson SVP and Head of Business Area Enterprise Wireless Solutions Asa Tamsons joins BI senior telecom analyst John Butler to discuss the outlook for enterprise 5G applications and how customers are using the technology to boost efficiency and generate higher returns. The discussion also touches on 6G and its potential to embed intelligence across business operations, partly through AI, while building on 5G’s ability to interconnect devices.

Mastercard’s push into stablecoin infrastructure, including its proposed acquisition of BVNK, alongside advances in enabling agentic payments, reflects an evolution rather than a disruption of its core business. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s Tech Disruptors podcast, Jorn Lambert, Mastercard’s chief product officer, joins BI fintech and payments analyst Diksha Gera to discuss how Mastercard is extending its value proposition around trust into new environments — from owning the “plumbing” of stablecoins through interoperability and multi-rail enablement to acting as the “intent verifier” in emerging agentic payments. Listen to hear more about how Mastercard is shifting from a card network to an intelligent “switch” of multi-rail platforms, as AI agents begin to navigate merchant catalogs and execute autonomous transactions.

Concentrix CEO Chris Caldwell joins Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Tamlin Bason to examine how AI is reshaping customer experience. As companies move from pilots to scaled deployment, Caldwell discusses how AI is enabling more personalized, real-time interactions, while introducing risks around consistency, trust and brand control. The conversation also explores the role of incumbents like Concentrix in bringing the scale needed to implement AI effectively, bridging the gap between emerging technology and enterprise execution. Caldwell shares where he sees value forming across the customer-experience ecosystem, and why protecting brand identity remains critical as automation deepens.

“Enterprises cannot vibe operate,” declares Madhav Thattai, GM and EVP of Salesforce AI, on this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s Tech Disruptors podcast. Thattai and BI senior technology analyst Anurag Rana discuss why Salesforce thinks the “SaaSpocalypse” narrative misses how agents change outcomes and how the company is trying to measure that shift with Agentic Work Units (AWUs) — a way to track work performed rather than just token inputs. Thattai outlines Salesforce’s four-part agentic enterprise framework: system of context, system of work, system of agency and system of engagement. The conversation explores how large-language model flexibility plus deterministic workflows are used to reduce “prompt doom loops,” improve latency and manage cost. The discussion also covers how Salesforce is monetizing agents via license bundles and consumption, and why AWUs and session-trace tooling are positioned as budgeting and operational aids for CIOs and CFOs.

AI adoption is moving from experimentation to execution, exposing gaps in data quality and governance. Qlik CEO Mike Capone joins Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Software Analyst Sunil Rajgopal to discuss why enterprises must build strong data foundations rather than rely on plug-and-play LLMs. “SaaS isn’t going away — it just has to be rewired,” Capone says, highlighting how AI is reshaping software architectures and limiting returns without strong data infrastructure. The discussion also covers Qlik’s positioning, competitive dynamics and how AI-driven productivity is influencing growth and product strategy.

The assumption that output grows linearly with headcount no longer holds. As AI tools drive a step-change in productivity, companies are rethinking their operating models. In this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, Owen Jennings, executive officer and business lead at Block, joins Bloomberg Intelligence Fintech and Payments Analyst Diksha Gera to discuss Block’s decision to reduce its workforce and how AI is reshaping both internal operations and the company’s products – from Cash App’s MoneyBot, which helps automate financial planning and budgeting, to Square’s upcoming ManagerBot, an AI-assistant designed to streamline SMB operations. Listen to hear more about how Block is deploying AI across its ecosystem — and how its approach differs from that of banks.

In banking, the AI question isn’t “Can you build it?” — it’s “Can you explain it, monitor it, and shut it off when required?” As the hype cycle moves past chatbots, a real competitive divide is emerging: institutions that can operationalize AI with auditability and control versus those layering copilots onto legacy workflows and hoping for the best. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s Tech Disruptors podcast, Capital One’s Chief Scientist and Head of Enterprise AI Prem Natarajan joins BI fintech and payments analyst Diksha Gera to discuss why the bank is building — not just buying — its AI stack, and what gives Capital One a technology edge over competitors. Listen in to hear more about the bank’s expansive approach to AI as a capacity multiplier rather than a means to cut costs.

Lumentum CEO Michael Hurlston and VP of Investor Relations Kathy Ta join Bloomberg Intelligence’s Jake Silverman on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast to discuss how optics are playing an increasingly critical role in networking inside and across AI data centers. They explore how the company is becoming a key supplier of systems and lasers to hyperscalers. Hurlston unpacks his broad and lengthy tenure as an executive across semiconductors and hardware and how it’s helping him tackle new challenges as the data center evolves. The conversation also covers how Lumentum’s past as a sleepier supplier to telecom networks positions it well to address today’s AI networking needs.

Reddit’s Chief Operating Officer Jen Wong discusses the impact of gen AI models on its platform and how the company is positioning itself in the era of chatbots and LLMs. Wong sits down with Bloomberg Intelligence’s Global Head of Technology Research Mandeep Singh to discuss  the company’s ads business and how it plans to leverage LLM search to boost engagement. All the metrics referenced in the episode are as of December 2025.

Resale is evolving from a fragmented, thrift-driven experience into a technology-enabled infrastructure layer for the apparel industry. James Reinhart, co-founder and CEO of ThredUp, joins Bloomberg Intelligence senior equity retail analyst Poonam Goyal on this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast. They discuss how automation, machine learning and AI are reshaping the economics of secondhand retail. He explains the “single-SKU” challenge that makes resale fundamentally different from traditional e-commerce, and how ThredUp’s investment in supply-chain automation and data science aims to unlock scale, margin expansion and improved inventory velocity. Reinhart also explores the company’s shift toward AI-driven discovery, its expansion into direct-selling capabilities and the growing role of resale as a recommerce partner to brands. He outlines why he believes technology — not just consumer demand — will determine which resale platforms achieve durable profitability in the next phase of retail disruption.

“No great company became a great company because they saved a lot of money,” says Eric Boyd, president of Microsoft’s AI platform. “They became a great company because they delivered amazing innovative experiences.” In this episode of Tech Disruptors, Boyd explains to Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Technology Analyst Anurag Rana how Azure OpenAI Service, Azure Machine Learning and Azure AI Foundry fit together. He also discusses what’s required to move to broad usage from a pilot: securing enterprise data, retrieving the right context (including “IQ” tooling), evaluating prompts across models and managing costs with techniques like model routing.

“Not everything is an AI problem,” says IBM Software SVP and Chief Commercial Officer Rob Thomas. In this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, Thomas and Bloomberg Intelligence senior technology analyst Anurag Rana discuss IBM’s hybrid cloud and AI strategy, from Red Hat/OpenShift and containers for multicloud portability to why the mainframe remains the platform for real-time, high-availability transactions. Thomas outlines IBM’s “new enterprise stack” and a layered, multimodel approach where orchestration and proprietary enterprise data matter more than any single frontier model — especially as sovereignty requirements rise. They also explore how system-of-record companies are best positioned to succeed in the AI era.

AI demand is scaling and infrastructure complexity is rising. Vultr CEO JJ Kardwell returns to the Bloomberg Intelligence Tech Disruptors podcast with an update on the market’s AI cloud demand. He spoke to BI tech analyst Woo Jin Ho about production AI workloads, GPU utilization and lifecycle economics, global data-center strategy, supply-chain constraints and capital discipline, as well as outlining how privately held Vultr is positioning for durable growth in the industry’s next phase.

“If anyone’s going to disrupt Khan Academy, it should be us,” founder and CEO Sal Khan tells Bloomberg Intelligence Senior Tech Analyst Anurag Rana, discussing how AI can deliver personalized learning at scale if embedded in classrooms with teacher oversight, guardrails for minors and rigorous model evaluation. Khan explains Khanmigo’s early GPT-4 roots, why Khan Academy is going multi-model to match use cases like Writing Coach and how district packaging helps cover compute costs while enabling monitoring and accountability. He also lays out a vision of the 2030 classroom where AI reduces teacher planning and grading burdens, supports small-group instruction and enables richer assessment, while warning workforce disruption may arrive faster than society is prepared for.

Lightmatter CEO Nick Harris joins Bloomberg Intelligence’s Kunjan Sobhani and Jake Silverman to explain why lasers — not just chips — are the missing piece to making co-packaged optics practical at hyperscale. Harris unpacks Guide, Lightmatter’s VLSP light engine, and Passage, the company’s photonic interconnect platform, walking through real-world reliability, density and power trade-offs, and how new EDA and foundry partnerships (Synopsys, Cadence, GUC) move photonics into standard semiconductor workflows. The conversation covers near-package vs co-package optics, deployment timing, who the early buyers will be, and the milestones to watch as photonics shifts from lab demos to production racks.

Russia invasion of Ukraine “has completely reframed perceptions of drone utility and value. Where once high-end, exquisite systems dominated the procurement logic, today there’s a much clearer recognition that quantity and replaceability are just as critical,” says AV Chief Growth Officer Church Hutton. On this episode of the Tech Disruptors podcast, Hutton tells Bloomberg Intelligence senior defense weapons analyst Wayne Sanders how the landscape of drone technologies and the scalability of platforms must balance between rapid production and programs of record, while maintaining a technological advantage over adversary weapon systems. Critical to this process is reducing “cost per effect” so that we’re no longer shooting down $10,000 drones with million-dollar interceptors. AV and other defense tech companies continue to have this as their mission statement.

Ciena is expanding from its telecom optical roots to become a critical enabler of AI-driven data-center infrastructure. In this episode of Bloomberg Intelligence’s Tech Disruptors podcast, Ciena Executive Advisor Scott McFeely joins BI analyst Woo Jin Ho to discuss how the company’s optical technology has evolved alongside hyperscale cloud and AI workloads, from coherent optics and WaveLogic DSPs to optical pluggables for scale across applications. They also explore how AI is reshaping optical demand around and inside the data center, Ciena’s move deeper into the rack through its Nubis acquisition and how its expansion into AI changes its intermediate-term growth trajectory.