The IDEMS Podcast

Prompted by the recent potential AI-generated proof related to the Navier–Stokes problem, George and David reflect on what this could mean for mathematics and mathematicians. They explore the role of proof in advancing mathematical knowledge, what might change if AI becomes increasingly capable of producing proofs, and why mathematics has always been about more than solving problems alone.

Following their reflections on climate data rescue, James and David explore how the challenges of making rescued data genuinely usable are playing out in Zambia and Zimbabwe. Through their experiences working with meteorological services in both countries, they discuss the work needed to improve data quality, bring valuable historical records back into use, and build sustainable processes for keeping them usable over time.

James and David reflect on their experiences supporting climate data rescue across several countries. They discuss why preserving historical climate records is increasingly important for understanding a changing climate, and why rescuing data is only truly valuable when it can be put to use, exploring what it takes to bridge the gap between data rescue and real-world applications.

Continuing their reflections on 20 years of research methods support, Lily and Roger explore the often-overlooked problem of zeros in real data. Through examples from agricultural research, they discuss why understanding what zeros represent can change how data is summarised and reveal important patterns that might otherwise be missed.

Santiago and David discuss recent progress towards integrating STACK assessment into IDEMS’ open statistics textbooks. They explore how AI is helping match existing questions to textbook content, the work involved in adapting and improving those questions, and how richer forms of assessment can help students develop a deeper understanding of statistical concepts.

Continuing their reflections on 20 years of research methods support, David and Lily explore multilevel data through examples from agricultural research in West Africa. They discuss how identifying the right levels can help account for variability and reveal important differences that might otherwise be missed.

Continuing their reflections on 20 years of research methods support, David and Lily explore statistical interactions through a striking example from agricultural research in West Africa. They discuss how interactions can reveal the importance of context, and how understanding local practices can challenge research assumptions and lead to more relevant research.

David and Lily reflect on how the Explore, Describe, Present framing emerged through years of research methods support with the West African Community of Practice. They discuss how long-term collaboration helped develop a simple language for thinking about the different roles of data visualisation, including the importance of understanding your audience when presenting results.

Following the first STACK Conference to be held in Africa, David and Kate reflect on what the event revealed about IDEMS’ vision for open textbooks. They discuss growing interest in adapting the approach across different African contexts, and explore the importance of local ownership, collaboration, and working with existing education systems to bring open resources to scale. They also consider how bringing together experiences from high- and low-resource settings can spark new ideas and create opportunities for innovation that flow in both directions.

Following the International Conference on Teaching Statistics (ICOTS), David and Kate reflect on how IDEMS’ vision for open textbooks was received by the statistics education community. They explore how rapid developments in AI are changing what students need to learn, and why adaptable resources, carefully designed assessment, and meaningful human decision-making are becoming increasingly important. They also discuss the encouraging response from textbook authors, educators, and international organisations, and what this could mean for building a wider community around the open textbook initiative.

David and Mike reflect on a period of change and opportunity for mathematics education in Kenya. They discuss the upcoming launch of a new MSc in Mathematical Innovation, lessons from bringing open textbooks into classrooms, and the importance of putting teachers at the centre of educational innovation. Recorded just before the first STACK Conference to be held in Africa, their conversation also explores how bringing together local stakeholders and an international community could contribute to a more relevant, accessible, and locally grounded approach to mathematics education.

In the final episode of this three-part series reflecting on the International Conference on Teaching Statistics (ICOTS), David and Lily discuss the reception of IDEMS’ open textbook initiative within the statistics education community. They explore how new approaches to adaptation, accreditation, and collaboration could strengthen open educational resources, enabling communities to build on one another’s work while preserving the expertise and contributions of original authors.

In the second of three episodes reflecting on the International Conference on Teaching Statistics (ICOTS), David and Lily discuss the growing influence of AI on statistics education. They reflect on how the community is responding to rapid technological change, and explore why educators should play an active role in shaping AI tools that support responsible, accessible, and equitable learning.

In the first of three episodes reflecting on the International Conference on Teaching Statistics (ICOTS), David and Lily discuss the statistics education community itself. They explore why data literacy deserves to be recognised as a distinct educational priority, reflect on the longstanding relationship between statistics and mathematics, and consider why so many well-established ideas from statistics education research have yet to achieve broader impact.

David and Kate discuss the Farm Hack Box and the new possibilities it suggests for community-owned digital infrastructure. While conceived for farming communities, they explore how the same ideas could reshape education and other social impact contexts, enabling local AI, greater digital sovereignty, and technologies that communities can truly own and adapt.

David and Kate examine the idea of digital sovereignty through the lens of communities rather than nation states. Reflecting on recent discussions around AI governance and digital infrastructure, they explore why community ownership, local adaptation, and collaboration may be just as important as national strategies in shaping the future of technology.

David and Michele discuss how recent advances in AI are opening new possibilities for the Open App Builder and the authoring of digital tools for social impact. Drawing on IDEMS’ work with Parenting for Lifelong Health, they explore how AI agents can help reduce barriers to authoring while keeping people in control of the decisions that matter, enabling more adaptable and community-owned digital technologies.

David and Michele discuss how advances in AI are opening new possibilities for STACK question authoring. Using this practical example, they reflect on the design of multi-agent systems, the role of specialised models, and why building efficient, interoperable AI tools may be just as important as building ever more powerful ones.

Following David’s participation in the Global Smart Farming Conference hosted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), he and Santiago reflect on some of the key themes and debates that emerged. Their discussion explores competing visions of smart farming, the role of AI and digital technologies in agriculture, and the importance of ensuring that innovation remains centred on farmers and the communities they serve.

Following David’s participation in a World Food Programme forum on artificial intelligence, digitisation, data governance, and food security, he and Santiago reflect on some of the key themes and debates that emerged. Their discussion explores the opportunities and risks AI presents for food systems, and the role of governance, local knowledge, and technological alternatives in shaping more equitable and sustainable futures.

Continuing their discussion of The Agency Fund’s proposed technology stack for the social sector, David and Santiago explore the three frontend approaches outlined in the article: frontline worker tools, chatbots, and custom applications. Drawing on their own experience developing digital tools for social impact, they reflect on the strengths, limitations, and future potential of each approach. https://theagencyfund.substack.com/p/a-default-tech-stack-for-the-social

"David and Santiago discuss The Agency Fund’s recent article on a technology stack for the social sector, exploring the backend systems that make modern AI-enabled tools possible. From LLM gateways and agent builders to data pipelines, monitoring, and experimentation, they examine the growing ecosystem of open tools that can help small organisations access capabilities once reserved for large technical teams. Along the way, they reflect on how these developments relate to IDEMS’ own work and why this is an exciting moment for organisations seeking to build impactful technology with limited resources. https://theagencyfund.substack.com/p/a-default-tech-stack-for-the-social"

In the final episode of the series, David and Kate explore the power of narratives in shaping the future of AI. Inspired by Karen Hao’s *Empire of AI*, they discuss how messaging, lobbying, and financial influence have created a sense of inevitability around one particular vision of AI, while alternative approaches struggle to gain visibility. They reflect on the importance of articulating and championing alternative visions for AI, concluding with a call for the liberation of AI from AI empires.

Continuing their exploration of alternatives to today’s dominant AI paradigm, David and Kate reflect on what the future of work could look like beyond AI empires. They discuss the role of education, apprenticeships, and human expertise in a world increasingly shaped by AI, and consider how technology might free people to focus on more creative, collaborative, and meaningful work. The conversation highlights the importance of building alternative visions for the future and asks how societies can create systems that value human development, collaboration, and social impact alongside technological progress.

Building on their exploration of alternatives to today’s dominant AI paradigm, David and Kate discuss what a community-centred approach to AI might look like. They explore the importance of collaboration, deep interoperability, distributed ownership, and adaptability, arguing that effective AI systems should strengthen communities rather than replace them. The conversation considers how communities can retain agency over their data, tools, and knowledge while remaining connected to wider networks of learning and innovation.

Continuing their examination of the assumptions underlying today’s dominant AI narrative, David and Kate explore the distinction between AI as a product and AI as a sociotechnical system. They reflect on the often-invisible infrastructure, labour, resources, and governance structures that sit behind AI technologies, and discuss why understanding these systems is essential for making informed choices about technology, impact, and innovation. The conversation highlights how different assumptions about ownership, trust, and accountability shape the technologies we build and the societies they serve.

Continuing their discussion on the future of AI, David and Kate explore the economic and institutional forces shaping today’s dominant AI models. They discuss the roles of investment, monopoly power, research funding, and commercial incentives in driving ever-larger AI systems, and consider how these pressures influence both technological development and public narratives around AI. The conversation highlights why the current trajectory of AI is not inevitable and what alternative paths might look like.

Continuing their discussion on the future of AI, David and Kate explore how advances in large language models could enable a new generation of smaller, more specialised AI systems. They discuss why the next wave of innovation may come from building tools that are more efficient, focused, and responsive to real-world needs rather than simply pursuing ever-larger models.

David and Kate explore the historical divide between Symbolist and Connectionist approaches to AI, reflecting on how today’s dominant AI narratives emerged and what may have been lost along the way. They discuss the difference between expert systems built on structured human knowledge and data-driven learning systems based on neural networks, and consider the implications of each for governance, traceability, social impact, and responsible technology development. The conversation highlights how alternative approaches to AI may offer more practical and trustworthy pathways for addressing real-world challenges.

In the second part of their discussion, David and Kate reflect more deeply on the Earthkeepers versus AI Empires convening in Zambia, exploring the diverse perspectives and tensions that emerged during the event. They discuss questions of power, governance, indigenous knowledge, and technological futures, as well as the growing recognition that current AI trajectories are not inevitable. The conversation highlights alternative visions for AI and digital technologies built around community ownership, trusted data, local governance, and smaller-scale systems designed to serve real social needs rather than concentrated power.

In the first of a two-part discussion, David and Kate reflect on a recent convening in Zambia that brought together activists, technologists, researchers, and civil society groups concerned with the impacts of AI infrastructure and large-scale data centres. They discuss the influence of Karen Hao’s book Empire of AI, the emergence of global resistance movements around extractive AI development, and the distinction between AI as a useful tool and the broader systems of power shaping its deployment. The conversation highlights growing concerns around the resource demands and extractive dynamics associated with large-scale AI infrastructure.

Lily and David discuss the challenges of working with rainfall and climate data, exploring ideas of data quality, data rescue, and data accreditation. They reflect on different sources of climate data—from weather stations and satellites to reanalysis products—and examine how these can be evaluated for specific applications such as agriculture. The conversation also highlights ongoing research into rainfall intensity, satellite validation, and the importance of building evidence around which climate products are appropriate for different contexts and uses.

Lucie and David continue their discussion on Farmer Research Networks (FRNs), focusing on the idea of embedded scaling and its implications. They explore how scaling out, scaling up, and scaling deep each change the nature of the data and the research itself, and reflect on the challenge of designing systems where farmers collect and use data for their own benefit while also contributing to wider learning and research.

Lucie and David discuss the origins and evolution of Farmer Research Networks (FRNs) within the work of the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems. They explore how FRNs were conceived as a way to combine participatory research with large-scale data and reflect on ongoing debates around embedded scaling, participation, and the distinction between FRNs and approaches such as Participatory Action Research (PAR). The conversation highlights both the promise and the practical challenges of building research systems that are deeply contextual while capable of generating broader learning and impact.

Lily and David discuss recent work on the ePICSA system, focusing on the development of a structured summaries database to support climate information for agriculture. They explore how moving from file-based systems to a database approach creates new opportunities for versioning, quality control, decentralised workflows, and accreditation of climate products. The conversation also reflects on the broader challenges of climate data quality, data rescue, and building sustainable systems that can support national meteorological services.

Santiago and David discuss how a specialised AI assistant is supporting their work authoring and reviewing STACK questions. They explore the balance between human expertise and AI support, reflecting on how the assistant improves efficiency, enhances question quality, and helps navigate complex documentation and legacy code. The conversation also highlights the broader potential of specialised AI assistants as collaborative tools that augment, rather than replace, expert human work.

Michele and David explore the ideas and design principles behind the Open App Builder, a system developed through IDEMS’ collaboration with Parenting for Lifelong Health (PLH). They discuss the challenges of creating flexible, reusable app infrastructures that support collaboration across technical and non-technical teams, and reflect on the long-term vision of enabling local organisations to build and adapt their own digital tools. The conversation highlights both the complexity of the system and the growing opportunities emerging as it matures and expands into new contexts.

Michele and David discuss the development of facilitator apps within the Parenting for Lifelong Health (PLH) ecosystem, exploring how these tools support facilitators delivering parenting programmes in diverse contexts. They reflect on the growing role of adaptable digital tools for reporting, monitoring, and programme delivery, and discuss the wider opportunities these technologies create for scalable implementations, embedded research, and locally owned digital ecosystems that could support many different types of interventions in the future.

David and Digital Green CEO Rikin Gandhi discuss the intersection of farmer research networks, participatory agricultural research, and AI-enabled extension systems. They explore how tools like Farmer Chat could support large-scale, farmer-led experimentation by combining rich qualitative data with rigorous research design. The conversation highlights the potential for more collaborative, context-sensitive agricultural systems that place farmer agency at the centre of both research and technology development.

Lucie and David discuss the upcoming Pan-African workshop on community-owned digital technologies, exploring its origins in a broader call for more locally grounded tech development. They reflect on the challenges of bringing together diverse participants—from developers to community organisations—and the importance of designing technology that genuinely serves community needs.

Lily and David discuss the AIMS Rwanda doctoral course on problem solving in data science, reflecting on how participants engage with complex simulated datasets. They explore the challenges students face in identifying underlying models, the limitations of relying on AI tools, and the importance of interpretation and human insight in data analysis. The conversation highlights how the course evolves alongside new technologies while continuing to reveal fundamental lessons about working with data.

George and David discuss the next phase of work on Physiologically Based Demographic Modelling (PBDM), focusing on efforts to scale its application in agroecological systems in West Africa. They explore the challenges of building and deploying complex ecosystem models, the interdisciplinary collaboration required, and the long-term vision of integrating deterministic models with responsible AI to support decision-making, from policy to smallholder farmers.

Santiago and Kate explore the thinking behind organising the IDEMS podcast as it grows into a substantial body of work. They discuss the development of a microsite, including tagging and filtering systems to help listeners navigate diverse topics, as well as ideas like curated collections and favourite episodes. The conversation reflects on how to balance structure and openness, making the podcast more accessible while preserving its exploratory nature.

Santiago and David explore the gap in open GCSE and iGCSE textbooks, and the opportunity to build curriculum-aligned resources from existing open content. They discuss how tools like PreTeXt can enable “same content, different variants” across exam boards, with interactive technologies like STACK adding further value, and reflect on how current work is putting the structures in place for scalable, adaptable textbooks.

Lily and David continue their discussions on converting open textbooks into PreTeXt. They focus on the “Learning Statistics with …” ecosystem, where an original open book has spawned variants for R, JASP, Jamovi, CogStat, French, and potential new versions such as R-Instat. They explore how PreTeXt could better manage multiple independently maintained variants by identifying what differs, easing updates from a base text, and supporting responsible human ownership.

Lucie and David discuss the tension between two of IDEMS’ principles: being “collaborative by nature” and “enabling opportunity” for individuals. They contrast rising Western individualism with more community-focused African contexts where personal sacrifice can support collective coherence. They argue collaboration and individual success aren’t contradictory, citing Italian cooperatives, worker-owned factories, and the importance of compromise and recognising different needs to avoid extractive relationships. Can the same thinking be applied to technologies like AI?

Michele and David discuss humanoid robots, and argue the real question isn’t when they arrive, but how different societies will accept and use them. They push back on framing humanoids mainly as worker replacements, suggesting their biggest impact may be social—especially in contexts like Italy’s aging population and shrinking workforce, where care needs are growing. They explore whether “humanoid” matters at all versus simply being multipurpose and designed to complement human carers rather than replace them.

When does measuring the “wrong” thing produce better results than measuring the “right” one? Lily and David continue the mini-series on Research Methods Support for Climate Resilient Food Systems with a story about proxy variables from West African farmer trials: measuring millet head weight at harvest proved a more reliable proxy for grain yield than weighing separated grain later.

Learning doesn’t come through passive consumption of information, but through doing. In this episode, Lily and David discuss the integration of STACK exercises into the PreTeXt textbooks that Lily has been working on – take a look at some previous episodes for more details. What if open textbooks could share the same bank of deep, automated-feedback assessments across multiple versions and courses?

What if educational resources could be available in a limitless variety of variants, each adapted to the tools students actually use? In this episode, David talks to Lily about a project she has been working on to convert open statistics and data science textbooks into the PreTeXt format. The discussion highlights why PreTeXt’s semantic structure and separation of authoring from publishing enable systematic changes across a book, supporting making software-specific and software-agnostic variants to tailor the books to various contexts where different approaches are more valuable.