PODCAST · religion
Trinities
by Dale Tuggy
Theories about the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
Episodes
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podcast 403 – Is Conciliar Trinitarianism Biblical and Orthodox? Debate Review – Part 1
This episode is part one of my review of my July 2026 debate with Dr. Joshua Sijuwade. (Video version here.) It consists of his 35-minute opening statement, with my comments and critique. He spends the bulk of it arguing that what he calls "Conciliar Trinitarianism" best explains New Testament...
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podcast 402 – Craig is right about eternal generation, BUT . . .
The Christian internet recently lost his mind when a short video went viral in which Dr. William Lane Craig points out that the New Testament does not teach that the Father "eternally generates" the Son. He also professes skepticism about that traditional, catholic doctrine. Does this make him a...
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podcast 401 – Pastor Sean Finnegan on Three New Books for Disciples
Countless millions have testified to the spiritual depth and importance of the Bible, and it is the most-read and most-translated book in human history. Yet in the recent west, reading the Bible has fallen out of favor (not to mention reading in general). Do you have a Bible or two on your shelf...
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podcast 400: Debate – Tuggy vs. Bird – The New Testament Jesus is Not Divine – Part 2
Photo credit: Jerry Wierwille. In this second episode you'll hear the second half of the debate: rebuttals, open discussion time, audience questions and answers, and closing statements. Subjects discussed include: traditional, Chalcedonian views about Christ's two natures and whether these imply...
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podcast 399: Debate – Tuggy vs. Bird – The New Testament Jesus is Not Divine – Part 1
This episode consists of our opening statements. In my opening statement (slides here), I first briefly explain why a trinitarian should not want to identify Jesus and God. I assume that when my opponent says that "Jesus is God" he means that Jesus is fully divine/has the divine nature. I then...
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podcast 398 – Response to “The Trinity? – Walking with Wes”
In this short video apologist Wes Huff confidently dishes out a bunch of mostly standard apologetics "answers" designed to sooth worries about "the doctrine of the Trinity." In this reaction video I interact with Huff's claims, clarifying what he's saying and why, pointing out what he's doing and...
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podcast 397 – Debunking Wes Huff’s Viral Trinity Moment with Michael Temperato
A befuddled student asked apologist Wes Huff about how to make sense of the Trinity. Huff's answer has gone viral (also here and here). Obviously, Christians are enjoying and sharing Huff's answer. But how helpful of an answer is it? Is this an answer that is going to help a thinking Christian…
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podcast 396 – Debate: Tuggy vs. White – John 1 is not Trinitarian – Part 3
This final installment includes the cross-examination times, audience Q & A, and our closing statements, of course with my commentary. The cross-examination times are revealing. As we heard in part two, I presented Dr. White with an argument that his interpretation of John 1 implies that there…
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podcast 395 – Debate: Tuggy vs. White – John 1 is not Trinitarian – Part 2
In this second of three episodes, we'll review the rest of Dr. White's opening statement and the two rebuttals. In several cases I push the discussion past what we were able to do in the confines of the debate. White's claim that the correct text of John 1:18 is "unique God" rather than "unique...
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podcast 394 – Debate: Tuggy vs. White – John 1 is not Trinitarian – Part 1
I make an exciting announcement at the start of this episode! In this and the following two episodes, I present and comment on my recent debate with Dr. James White. This episode contains my opening statement and part of his. Here is an interpretive paraphrase which summarizes the interpretation…
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podcast 393 – Are you Orthodox or Fauxthodox?
In this lecture, given at the amazing Converge event in Ohio in August of 2025, I first explain the three varieties of early Christian theologies, which I have also discussed here, here, and in my recent debate with James White. I then explain the fully developed catholic views which replaced…
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podcast 392 – Jesus’ Temptations and Ours – Part 2 – Things Apologists Say
Both of the arguments below are valid. But which one is sound? (By the definition of validity it's impossible that both are sound.) Argument #1: God can’t be tempted. Jesus was tempted. Therefore, Jesus is not God Argument #2: God can’t be tempted. Jesus is God. Therefore, Jesus was not tempted.…
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podcast 391 – Jesus’ Temptations and Ours – Part 1 – Luke 4
In this talk I answer three questions: Was Jesus tempted? What is it to be tempted? What can Jesus' temptations teach us? You are invited to reflect on your own calling (if you know it) and on what temptations are barriers to your walking that path God has put before you. If you prefer the video...
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podcast 390 – Why the New Testament Jesus is not Fully Divine
In this episode I open by briefly explaining the gap this year in my podcasting. Then you'll hear my presentation from the first ever New Zealand UCA Conference. Longstanding catholic traditions teach that Jesus is both fully divine, having the sort of divinity enjoyed by the Father Almighty, and...
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podcast 389 – The Cost of Truth: Stories of Biblical Unitarian Christians
When you're from a trinitarian Christian tradition, whether or not a doctrine of the Trinity is really in the Bible is more than an intellectual question. For one thing, there is the fear: am I angering God by asking these questions? And another huge factor is the peer pressure: it's part of...
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podcast 388 – Yes, “the Trinity” is a Problem – Part 2
In this second part (part 1 here) I interact with the rest of this discussion between Dr. Sean McDowell and Dr. Fred Sanders. I do register some significant agreements with them, but on the whole, my criticism from last time stands: their apologetic defense of "the doctrine of the Trinity" is not...
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podcast 387 – Yes, “the Trinity” is a Problem – Part 1
In this episode I, a Biola University alum (B.A., Philosophy) interact with this video by two current Biola University professors, Dr. Fred Sanders, and Dr. Sean McDowell. Their goals are to show that the doctrine of the Trinity is coherent (not self-contradictory) and that it fits well with...
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podcast 386 – Cold Case Confusion – J. Warner Wallace on the Trinity – Part 2
In this second part (first part here) we hear the rest of this podcast by Cold Case Christianity apologist and former cold case detective J. Warner Wallace. In this part he tries to define "the doctrine of the Trinity" by quoting a portion of the so-called "Athanasian Creed." He then argues that...
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podcast 385 – Cold Case Confusion – J. Warner Wallace on the Trinity – Part 1
In this and the next episode I engage with an episode by Cold Case Christianity apologist J. Warner Wallace called "Why is the Trinity an Essential Doctrine?" (Also here. Alternate title: "Is the Trinity Contradictory?") We first hear him explain how crime-solving police detectives reason using...
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podcast 384 – Mainstream Christian Theologies in the Late 100s – Early 200s and Early Trinitarian “Fool’s Gold”
In this episode you'll hear my presentation from the October 2024 UCA Conference in Little Rock, Arkansas. In it I explain the theological landscape from the late 100s through the early 200s using the words of some writers in that era: the author of the Refutation of All Heresies (attributed by...
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podcast 383 – New Zealand Conference Church History Q and A with Sean Finnegan and Dale Tuggy – Part 2
At the start of this episode I have a very important announcement! Then you'll hear day 2 - November 24, 2024 - of pastor Sean Finnegan and I fielding church history questions for New Zealand conference attendees. Topics include: the only really trinitarian-sounding text in the New Testament...
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podcast 382 – New Zealand Conference Church History Q and A with Sean Finnegan and Dale Tuggy – Part 1
This episode is a live Q&A session from the first ever UCA Conference in New Zealand, held in a beautiful lakeside conference center in Cambridge. The venue was a 15-minute walk from where I stayed. The view from there was this! Topics discussed include: unitarians throughout church history,...
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podcast 381 – Mainstream Christian Theologies in the year 240: What Trinitarian Apologists Don’t Know
In videos like this one and this one, trinitarian apologists continue to push false narratives about the history of mainstream Christian theologies, like these (ordered from least to most plausible): In this historical presentation, focusing on passages from Tertullian, Origen, and Novatian, I...
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podcast 380 – Dr. Dustin Smith on Wisdom Christology in the Gospel of John
To understand a book as its author intended, you don't look to its future, but rather to its past. What has this author read, and what could he presuppose his audience to have read? These other pieces of literature are like tools in the author's hands. The biblical book of Proverbs famously...
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podcast 379 – AI and I evaluate my debate with James White
The way to evaluate a debate is to actively chart and compare the arguments made by each side. Debaters call this "flowing" a debate. I sat down and did this, working carefully all the way through my recent debate with James White on the question "Is Jesus Yahweh?" In this episode I'll give you…
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podcast 378 – Debate: Is Jesus Yahweh? White vs. Tuggy – Part 2
In this episode: mutual interrogations, closing statements, and audience questions and answers. Which side put forward the stronger opening case? Which did a better job in rebuttal? What if anything was revealed by the mutual interrogations? What if anything was added by the brief closing...
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podcast 377 – Debate: Is Jesus Yahweh? White vs. Tuggy – Part 1
This episode contains the Pro and Con opening statements and rebuttals from the debate on March 9, 2024 between James White and Dale Tuggy in Houston, Texas. The debate question is "Is Jesus Yahweh?" Which side makes the stronger opening arguments? Which side does a better job at rebutting the...
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podcast 376 – The Trinity, the Deity of Christ, and the Best Craig – Part 2
This is the final part of my response to some recent podcast episodes by Dr. William Lane Craig here and here. Dr. Craig accuses me of being disingenuous in claiming that his minimal, so-called "biblical" doctrine consisting of two sentences is not enough to count as a trinitarian theology. I…
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podcast 375 – The Trinity, the Deity of Christ, and the Best Craig – Part 1
In this episode I first explain what I mean by "the best Craig" and why in my view we're not getting that in some recent responses to my arguments. I then respond to some recent podcast episodes by Dr. William Lane Craig here and here, where Craig is not engaging with my arguments, instead...
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podcast 374 – Book Session Identity Crisis – Part 3
This episode is the final portion of the EPS session devoted to the forthcoming book, One God, Three Persons, Four Views, edited by Dr. Chad McIntosh. You'll hear the entire Q&A portion of the session, plus my commentary thereupon. Topics include: Jesus and the "one like a son of man" in Daniel 7...
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podcast 373 – Book Session Identity Crisis – Part 2
In this second part (part 1 here) you'll hear the mutual interrogation portion of the EPS session on book One God, Three Persons, Four Views, with plenty of commentary by me and some extra relevant audio. This portion of the session contains a number of interesting exchanges. Among them: Hasker...
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podcast 372 – Book Session Identity Crisis – Part 1
In this episode you'll hear the four opening speeches in a book session at the Evangelical Philosophical Society conference in San Antonio, Texas in November of 2023. The book is One God, Three Persons, Four Views, edited by Chad McIntosh, forthcoming probably deep into 2024. (See UCA podcast #77...
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podcast 371 – Dr. Steven Nemes on divine Christology in the New Testament
(Image credit) In this episode Dr. Nemes and I discuss chapter 6 of his new book Trinity and Incarnation: A Post-Catholic Theology. Clearly the Jesus of the New Testament is supposed to be special, indeed, unique, and in some sense he must be "divine." But in what sense, exactly? And what if...
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podcast 370 – Dr. Steven Nemes’s formal challenge to Trinity theories
The thing about objecting to Trinity theories is that they are many and different, and generally speaking mutually inconsistent, so that an objection which applies to one Trinity theory will not apply to others. But in chapter 3 of his new book Trinity and Incarnation: A Post-Catholic Theology…
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podcast 369 – Anna Shoffner Brown – Nothing ‘Mere’ about a Man in the Image of God
Biblical unitarians often face the stock objection that according to us Jesus is a "mere man"--that is, a human who is not also divine, disparagingly described as "mere." This objection assumes that a human only Jesus couldn't possibly do all that is ascribed to him in the New Testament. But as...
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podcast 368 – Dr. Dustin Smith on the Plural of Majesty in the Hebrew Bible
In the famous creation scene in Genesis God says, "Let us make man in our image and likeness." Genesis 1:26 About such passages trinitarian theologian Dr. Fred Sanders writes, Outside of the New Testament’s revelation of the Trinity, it’s hard to make sense of the singular/plural dichotomy in…
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podcast 367 – Smith and Barlow vs. Nesan and Essary debate – Is Jesus Yahweh? – Part 2
In this episode you'll hear my edit of the second, longer half of this excellent debate: two rounds of cross-examinations, closing statements, and audience Q&A. Which side surprised you? What arguments here struck you as important? Did either side make important mistakes? Which side made the...
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podcast 366 – Smith and Barlow vs. Nesan and Essary debate – Is Jesus Yahweh? – Part 1
Is the Jesus of the Bible Yahweh himself? That's the question of this excellent debate. It's two vs. two, with the pro side being Dr. Kyle Essary and Samuel Nesan, and the con side being Dr. Dustin Smith and pastor Will Barlow. If you're trying to make up your mind, it will help you to work…
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podcast 365 – Why debate theology?
This episode is a short informal talk I gave in October of 2019 at a missions conference put on by Kingdom of God Ministry and Missions. After explaining some ways that theological debates relate to evangelism, I then discuss some "ear closers," factors which prevent the unitarian Christian...
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podcast 364 – The God who Suffers: a Response to The Reluctant Theologian Podcast 118 Why did God become incarnate?
In a thought-provoking recent episode released before this Easter, analytic theologian Dr. R.T. Mullins suggested three reasons God would have to become incarnate, building on work by Swinburne and McConnell. The one he focuses the most on in the idea that God would be obligated to become…
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podcast 363 – Dr. Andrew Hollingsworth on “mere” social trinitarianism and eternal relations of origin – Part 2
In this episode we get into the depths of Dr. Hollingsworth's new article “Mere Social Trinitarianism, the Eternal Relations of Origin, and Models of God.” Topics include: divine timelessness creation ex nihilo the divine processions (the Father's eternal generation of the Son and spiration of…
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podcast 362 – Dr. Andrew Hollingsworth on “mere” social trinitarianism and eternal relations of origin – Part 1
In this episode we'll meet analytic theologian Dr. Andrew Hollingsworth and discuss his interesting forthcoming article “Mere Social Trinitarianism, the Eternal Relations of Origin, and Models of God” in the Journal of Analytic Theology. Topics include: "mere" social trinitarianism - the core...
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podcast 361 – A Lutheran pastor explains Socinianism and biblical unitarianism
In this episode I interact with a video by Lutheran Pastor Joshua Sullivan at Holy Cross Lutheran Church in Kerrville, Texas. A listener asked him for his views on "Socinianism" and this so-called "biblical unitarianism," and why they contradict the Bible. He replies with some descriptions and...
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podcast 360 – What is unitarian Christianity?
This episode is a short interview of Dale Tuggy by Tyler Hummel for his podcast The AntiSocial Network. He asked questions which a lot of people have about unitarian Christianity, such as: What is unitarian Christianity? How does unitarian Christianity differ from the UU (Unitarian Universalism)...
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podcast 359 – Where We Stand
This episode is a slightly updated version of my opening address to the second annual Unitarian Christian Alliance Conference in October 2022. In it, I describe the Reformation context of today's unitarian Christian movement. Increasingly, Christians are trading in traditional confusions for New...
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podcast 358 – Baptist Justice: Samuel Eddy on Scripture, Church Discipline, and the Trinity
Samuel Eddy (1768-1839) was at the height of his career Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the state of Rhode Island. He was also a prominent member of the First Baptist Church in Providence. Like others, he'd just assumed that the doctrine of the Trinity is both true and taught in the Bible....
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podcast 357 – Seminary student takes Trinity class, becomes unitarian – Part 2
There are no verses that define God as being Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. There are no verses that define God as three, three in one, or a multiple. There are no verses that say that Jesus has two natures or two minds. There are no verses that say Jesus is a God-man, or that he is fully God and...
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podcast 356 – Seminary student takes Trinity class, becomes unitarian – Part 1
Johnny Barnes earned a Master of Arts in Theological Studies from Dallas Theological Seminary. When he took the required class on the Trinity, he couldn't help but notice that many of the texts appealed to in order to support the Trinity were problematic in various ways. And he did not see anyone...
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podcast 355 – Dr. Steven Nemes on Trinity theories – Part 2
In this second half of our wide-ranging conversation inspired by his epic tweet thread on Trinity theories, our topics include: the "Persons" of the Trinity as modes, the New Testament authors as "primitive" theologians, divine simplicity, "social" Trinity theories, divine processions or lack...
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podcast 354 – Dr. Steven Nemes on Trinity theories – Part 1
Twitter is my favorite social media site. I enjoy short social media posts, and series of short posts. It's a good place for the opinionated to hold forth briefly. As they say, brevity is the soul of wit. Recently I noticed an interesting and insightful thread, a series of tweets, on "the…
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ABOUT THIS SHOW
Theories about the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
HOSTED BY
Dale Tuggy
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Frequently Asked Questions
How many episodes does Trinities have?
Trinities currently has 200 episodes available on PodParley. New episodes are automatically indexed when they're published to the podcast feed.
What is Trinities about?
Theories about the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
How often does Trinities release new episodes?
Trinities publishes regularly with 200 episodes available. Check the episode list for the typical release schedule.
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Who hosts Trinities?
Trinities is created and hosted by Dale Tuggy.
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