#40 Pijnstillers -3- Opioiden

EPISODE · Jul 31, 2021 · 24 MIN

#40 Pijnstillers -3- Opioiden

from Apothekers Podcast met Harm Geers · host Harm Geers, PharmD, PhD

Opioiden werken op de lichaamseigen opiaatreceptoren. Opiaten worden gebruikt als stap (3) en 4 op de WHO pijnschaal. Er zijn sterkwerkende en zwakwerkende opioiden. De zwakwerkende opioiden zijn tramadol, tapentadol en buprenorfine. De sterwerkende opioiden zijn morfine, fentanyl, oxycodon, hydromorfon en methadon. Codeine werd vroeger nog wel eens gebruikt, maar heeft geen goede pijnstilling (of juist teveel) en geeft wel bijwerkingen. Ook bij tramadol komen veel bijwerkingen voor, vooral bij ouderen. Een interessant fenomeen is de Opioid Geinduceerde Hyperalgesie, waarbij mensen langzamerhand steeds meer opioiden gaan gebruiken. Het idee is dat opioiden de pijnpaden in het lichaam kunnen veranderen, waardoor iemand meer pijn voelt en daardoor steeds meer opioiden nodig heeft, waardoor de pijnpaden verder veranderen en de patiënt in een vicieuze cirkel belandt. Literatuur:1. Lee M, Silverman SM, Hansen H, Patel VB, Manchikanti L. A comprehensive review of opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Pain Physician. 2011;14(2):145–61.

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#40 Pijnstillers -3- Opioiden

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