The Art of Art

S2E6   The Art of Art with Dr. R – Ch. 3 – Pt. 3 – Positionality of the Researcher and Summary   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   In this part of my study, I, as the art teacher, discuss my Positionality as the Researcher. I studied the impact of art education with creative learning principles on middle school students' self-efficacy and divergent thinking. I built rapport with two student groups with and without prior art education. I am a Hispanic working-class male with diverse teaching experiences, and I believe that art has the potential to transform students from various backgrounds. I believe that my journey from a modest background to obtaining degrees in graphic design and education informs this belief. The study aims to show that art fosters creative thinking, risk-taking, and persistence, especially in underprivileged communities where art education may be limited. As the researcher, I draw attention to systemic issues, advocating for early and continuous art education in general curricula. The summary concludes by outlining the research methods, emphasizing the autoethnographic qualitative approach, and setting the stage for the forthcoming presentation of data and findings in Chapter Four.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S2E5   The Art of Art with Dr. R – Ch. 3 – Pt. 2 – Research Data, Data Collection, Data Analysis   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   For the Research Data part of my research, I structured the autoethnography study by outlining students' projects, reflecting on instances of self-efficacy and divergent thinking. I shared personal experiences in response to research questions about cultivating self-efficacy and divergent thinking attributes through art education with creative learning principles. The class organization, classroom management, and structure are discussed, emphasizing their impact on students' self-efficacy and divergent thinking. Data collection involved rich descriptions, field notes, memos, and personal experiences are coded to identify patterns and themes. Thematic analysis that included deductive and inductive coding was used to capture anticipated and unanticipated themes. Semiotic analysis focused on visual and linguistic signs, tracking students' use of these signs to understand their development of self-efficacy. Strategies such as crystallization, thick descriptions, and peer review were employed to enhance the study's trustworthiness, and member checking allowed participants to verify information. Prolonged engagement and a subjectivity statement aimed to establish rapport and transparency. Validity was further supported through triangulation, an audit trail, and peer review. Chapter four will present the data and findings of this comprehensive autoethnographic study.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast  

S2E4   The Art of Art with Dr. R – Ch. 3 – Pt. 1 – Research Design and Methodology   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This qualitative study explores an art teacher's use of creative learning principles in art education to enhance students' creative self-efficacy and divergent thinking in a Southern California middle school. The research aims to address educational inequities in low socioeconomic communities. In Chapter three, the methodology, including autoethnography, observations, and field notes, is outlined for collecting qualitative data on students' experiences. Research questions focus on the teacher's observations of cultivating students' self-efficacy and divergent thinking.   The autoethnography method involves personal experiences, addressing potential criticisms. High levels of Bloom's Taxonomy and Webb’s Depth of Knowledge are integrated into the art education design. The study examines the impact of creative learning principles on students' self-efficacy and divergent thinking, comparing those with and without exposure. The setting is a diverse, lower socioeconomic public middle school with an optional art class determined by the administration.   Participant selection involves the researcher, an experienced art teacher, and six middle school students observed across different elective classes. The age range is 11-14 years old, with varying class sizes. The study's timeframe is one week, influenced by changes in students' schedules due to standardized testing and elective class rotations. The research setting is dynamic, including students from different grades, emphasizing the flexibility and inclusivity of the art class.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S2E3   The Art of Art with Dr. R – Ch. 2 – Pt. 10 – Summary   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This chapter emphasizes the crucial role of art education, particularly with creative learning principles, in fostering student self-efficacy and divergent thinking. The value of art extends beyond aesthetic properties, benefiting various intelligences and promoting innovation. It discusses the decline in self-efficacy as students face high-stakes testing and the impact on those in low-income communities. Art classes are often replaced by elective intermediate classes, hindering the development of self-efficacy. Art education, incorporating project-based learning and interdisciplinary approaches, enables students to make creative attempts and find multiple solutions to problems. This chapter advocates for recognizing art as a core curriculum to cultivate creativity, self-efficacy, and innovation challenging the current emphasis on standardized testing.     SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S2E2   The Art of Art with Dr. R – Ch. 2 – Pt. 9 – Rethinking Art Education to Enact Critical Consciousness   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This is Part Nine of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video breaks down the four parts of this study's “Rethinking Art Education to Enact Critical Consciousness” section.   The first part of the section is “Inequitable Art Education as a Social Issue.” This section examines how students from different socio-economic backgrounds have different levels of access to art education, ranging from little to no access.   The second part of the study, “Teaching Critical Pedagogy Through the Arts,” examines how students can become critically conscious through the arts and how art can empower them.   “Obstacles to Cultivating Self-Efficacy Through the Arts” is the third part of this section. This third part explores how students who do not have access to art education do not have equal opportunities to cultivate self-efficacy. Students who have access to art education can explore, experiment, reflect, and learn through project-based learning.    Part four, “Equitable Opportunities to Measure Success and Achievement,” looks at how art can measure student progress and success based on the students’ strengths instead of measuring student success on high-stakes testing scores.    SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S2E1 The Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Part Eight – Theoretical Framework   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This is Part Eight of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video breaks down the two parts of this study's “Theoretical Framework.”   The first part of the theoretical framework of this study is based on Freire’s work on critical pedagogy.    Critical pedagogy is a framework that occurs when students become critically aware of the social issues in their community. Freire used the “banking model” as the analogy to compare schools to banks.    The banking model is the idea that students' minds are similar to banks because teachers make deposits of information that they want the students to willingly accept, memorize, and repeat.   The second part of the theoretical framework of this study is based on critical race theory.   Critical race theory is a framework central to identifying and centralizing issues of race and racism as they intersect with other forms of marginalization in U.S. society.   Critical race theory recognizes how racism is inherently engrained in the laws and governing system of the United States.   Critical race theory in education challenges the assumption that educational institutions create equal opportunities.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E10   The Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Part Seven – Conceptual Framework   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This is Part Seven of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video breaks down the different parts of the “Conceptual Framework.”   The conceptual framework of this study is based on Bandura’s work on self-efficacy.    This study explores the concept that students can cultivate self-efficacy through the arts.    Self-efficacy is an individual’s level of confidence and competence in their ability to complete a task and achieve the desired outcome.   Infants naturally have the curiosity to learn, called “rapid learning.” In conjunction with self-efficacy, rapid learning and curiosity allows infants to learn information faster from their positive or negative experiences. As children grow older in schools with high-stakes testing, there are few opportunities to make mistakes and demonstrate progress.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E9   The Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Part Six – Creative Learning Principles   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This is Part Six of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video breaks down the different parts of “Creative Learning Principles.”   Creative learning principles incorporate higher levels of learning and an art-based learning into an art course where students use hands-on learning that is interdisciplinary by integrating math, English, and science courses.   Creative learning principles use Webb’s Depth of Knowledge and Bloom’s Taxonomy to gauge the level of learning that a student achieves through a simple or complex question.   Webb's Depth of Knowledge (DOK) is a tool used to determine the cognitive complexity of a question, activity, or assessment based on content state standards.   Bloom's Taxonomy is a framework separated into different cognitive levels that are used by educators to measure the depth of learning that is engaged in assessment objectives.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E8 The Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Part Five – Criticisms of Multiple Intelligences   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This is Part Five of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video outlines the “Criticisms of Multiple Intelligences.”   Multiple intelligences differentiate learning into different domains that students obtain and demonstrate knowledge.   Multiple intelligences include learning through the domains: of bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, naturalistic, and spatial.   For Gardner to classify a type of intelligence, the intelligence had to be able to produce empirical data based on the following eight-part criteria.   Part Five begins with critics believing that only one overarching intelligence was referred to as “Spearman’s g” or “the g factor.”   Part Five describes how critics believe there are no practical uses for students to use multiple intelligences in school.   Part Five ends with debunking the myth that humans only use 10% of their brains, perpetuated and popularized by celebrated scientists such as Albert Einstein.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E7 The Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Part Four – The Benefits of Art Education   This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/   EPISODE DESCRIPTION   This is Part Four of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video introduces the “Benefits of Art in Education” and “Multiple Intelligences.”   Part Four takes a quick look at how other emerging countries recognize art education's benefits and incorporate it into their curriculum for innovation.   Art education allows students to cultivate divergent thinking, self-efficacy, and higher-order learning processes by utilizing Webb’s Depth of Knowledge.   Part Four describes how art education also gives students opportunities to receive learning differentiation and accommodations through multiple intelligences.   Multiple intelligences differentiate learning into different domains that students obtain and demonstrate knowledge.   Multiple intelligences include learning through the domains: of bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, naturalistic, and spatial.   SHOW DESCRIPTION   This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast:   https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba   Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2   Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373   Substack https://drjfr.substack.com   Amazon Music  https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art   Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare   Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art   Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E6 The Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Part Three – The History of Art Education This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/ EPISODE DESCRIPTION This is Part Two of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video introduces the “Organization of the Literature Review,” “Art Education During the Renaissance,” “Innovation,” and “The Historical Role of Art in Education.” Part Three outlines the organization of the literature review, starting with the history of art education, conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and lastly, rethinking art education to enact critical consciousness. Part Three revisits how art education was a part of other disciplines, such as math, science, and literature, during the Renaissance, which cultivated innovation. This chapter explores how project-based art education cultivates divergent thinking, which leads to innovation. As a result of high-stakes testing in California, test preparation intervention courses are a priority for students to take before considering taking an art class as an elective course. Students are only required to take one art class throughout their PK-12 but not until high school. SHOW DESCRIPTION This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2 Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373 Substack https://drjfr.substack.com Amazon Music https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E5 The Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Part Two – History of High-Stakes Testing This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/ EPISODE DESCRIPTION This is Part Two of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video introduces the “Influence of High-Stakes Testing on School Curriculum,” “High-Stakes Testing’s Impact on the Achievement Gap,” “Students’ Perceptions of High-Stakes Testing,” and “Perceptions of Art Caused by High-Stakes Testing.” Part Two discusses how high-stakes testing has determined what curriculum is implemented in schools and how students are taught to prepare for standardized tests. As a result, high-stakes testing has not closed the achievement gap. Instead, the gap has widened as students score lower and their schools receive less funding. Students find that the tests are irrelevant to their future careers or higher education and that high-stakes tests unfairly predetermine students to succeed or fail based on their scores. Since students are not meeting the expectations of academic achievement, policymakers have nearly eliminated the availability of art classes to implement classes that focus on test preparation. SHOW DESCRIPTION This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2 Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373 Substack https://drjfr.substack.com Amazon Music https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E4 Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter Two – Introduction – Part One This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/ EPISODE DESCRIPTION This is Part One of Chapter Two of my dissertation. This video introduces the “History of High-Stakes Testing,” “Prioritizing Standardized Responses,” and “Effects of High-Stakes Testing on Defining Success.” Part One looks at the history of high-stakes testing and how high-stakes testing has become mandatory to receive school funding. High-stakes testing is used to measure student preparedness for higher education and future careers. As a result, classes such as art were nearly eliminated to focus on testing preparations. High-stakes testing and state standards were determined in collaboration with corporations to keep jobs and careers in the United States. After years of implementing high-stakes tests and state standards, jobs continue to be moved to other countries to pay employees less. SHOW DESCRIPTION This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2 Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373 Substack https://drjfr.substack.com Amazon Music https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art Google Podcasts Overcast

S1E3 Art of Art with Dr. R – Chapter One – Introduction – Part Two This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/ EPISODE DESCRIPTION This is Part Two of Chapter One of my dissertation. This video introduces “Assumptions,” “Delimitations,” “Definitions of Key Terms,” and “Summary.” Part Two outlines the assumptions and conditions for this study to occur. Part Two also discusses the delimitations of the study, which encompasses the boundaries of the research collected. Important key terms are also defined to create clarity and understanding. Lastly, the summary of Chapter One is given to review the statement of the problem, the purpose of the study, and the significance of the study. SHOW DESCRIPTION This show will explore how education and innovation used to occur through art. The show also describes how art was always interdisciplinary and tied to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, somewhere along the way, our culture changed how we viewed art and artists. I take a deep dive into how important art is for education, innovation, and for future careers. I start with the chapters from my dissertation, but I will later go into other topics, including the perceptions, politics, and solutions created by art. Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/julian-rubalcaba Listen to this podcast on your favorite app: Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/0gy8zjzCxBWT7lmN35njW2 Apple Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-art-of-art/id1636606373 Amazon Music https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d798618b-f358-49a4-8b96-13956f62049d/the-art-of-art Audible https://www.audible.com/pd/ITEM_NAME-Podcast/B0B7QG7KF1?action_code=ASSGB149080119000H&share_location=pdp&shareTest=TestShare Stitcher https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-art-of-art Google Podcasts Overcast

This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/ This is Part One of Chapter One of my dissertation. This video introduces “Statement of the Problem,” “Purpose of the Study,” “Research Questions or Hypotheses,” and “Significance of the Study.” Part one briefly reflects on the perceptions that schools have had of art and how art education is not a required class for students to be enrolled in at schools. Part one introduces how schools have become standardized to prepare students for standardized tests, not higher education and future careers. General education teaches students to think the same way with little differentiation and opportunity for students to cultivate self-efficacy and divergent thinking. I then describe that art education is essential for students to cultivate divergent thinking and self-efficacy. Schools in lower socioeconomic communities with lower test scores are less likely to have art programs which, as a result, students are less likely to cultivate self-efficacy and divergent thinking.

This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/ This video is what I presented for my dissertation defense. The purpose of this study is to determine if art education can assist students in cultivating self-efficacy and divergent thinking. Students need opportunities to cultivate self-efficacy and divergent thinking at earlier stages of education to be comfortable exploring, experimenting, and learning from their mistakes. Self-efficacy is beneficial for students to be content with making mistakes and continuing to persist in finding solutions to problems. Divergent thinking encourages students to think and learn differently, which is vital for innovation to occur in the students’ future careers and higher education.