The Scope

A migraine isn't just a bad headache, and you don't need to be curled up in a dark room for it to count. Karly Pippitt, MD, a family physician and headache specialist at the University of Utah Health headache clinic, explains how migraines are diagnosed, what triggers them, what aura is, and when to seek treatment.

A glaucoma diagnosis can feel alarming, especially knowing that optic nerve damage cannot be reversed. Rachel Simpson, MD, a glaucoma specialist at the John A. Moran Eye Center at University of Utah, explains what glaucoma does to your vision over time, why the treatment approach has shifted toward laser as a first-line option over eye drops, and how a new category of minimally invasive procedures is giving patients more options than ever before.

Blurry vision, glare around headlights, and duller colors are classic signs of cataracts. Austin Nakatsuka, MD, a glaucoma and cataract specialist at the John A. Moran Eye Center at the University of Utah, explains what cataracts are, how UV exposure accelerates them, and how to choose between the lens options available to you, from standard insurance-covered lenses to multifocal, extended depth of focus, and light adjustable alternatives.

Being called a glaucoma suspect can feel like a half-diagnosis—enough to worry, but not enough to know what to do. Rachel Simpson, MD, ophthalmologist and glaucoma specialist at John A. Moran Eye Center at the University of Utah, explains what the label actually means, how doctors weigh risk factors like optic nerve appearance, eye pressure, and family history to determine low versus high risk, and when monitoring turns into treatment.

Rehabilitation after a severe brain injury is not just about survival—it is about creating the best chance for meaningful recovery. Derrick Allred, MD, from Craig H. Neilsen Rehabilitation Hospital, describes how a disorders of consciousness program differs from typical inpatient rehabilitation and why patients who cannot yet participate in three hours of therapy a day still benefit from specialized care. Learn how teams identify small but important signs of progress, how medications and environmental strategies may support emerging consciousness, and why families and referring providers should reach out even when they are unsure if a patient qualifies.

When should you see a dermatologist? What does “pay attention to your skin” really mean? And which warning signs should not wait? Luke Johnson, MD, a dermatologist at University of Utah Health, answers common questions about dermatology. Learn simple, effective acne treatments, how moisturizers support your skin barrier, and why sun protection is the best daily habit for long-term skin health.

Sudden vision changes can be a brain problem, not just an eye problem—and luckily, there are specialists trained for the job. Judith Warner, MD, a neuro-ophthalmologist, explains how the eyes and brain work together, the red-flag symptoms you should never ignore (like a brief “black curtain” over one eye), and the most common reasons people get referred (unexplained vision loss and double vision).

Cavities do not appear overnight—and waiting for pain is often the biggest mistake people make. James Bekker, DDS, breaks down how cavities form, why frequent sugar exposure is more damaging than occasional treats, and how everyday habits quietly increase risk. Learn how brushing, flossing, diet choices, and saliva chemistry all play a role in tooth decay, what early warning signs to take seriously, and why catching a cavity early can make all the difference.

A gestational diabetes diagnosis is manageable—and early action makes a difference. Michelle Debbink, MD, talks with Kirtly Jones, MD, about how elevated sugars affect fetal growth and delivery, what to expect from care plans, and the simple daily habits that help most pregnancies stay on track. Get clear guidance on meal planning, label reading, movement, and when medication helps, along with why postpartum testing matters and how to reduce your chance of developing type 2 diabetes in the next 5–10 years.

Your doctor should not just be someone you see when you are sick—they should be your health advocate. John Barrett, MD, chair of the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine at University of Utah Health, explains how having a trusted primary care clinician helps you navigate a complex health care system, manage screenings, and coordinate care when new concerns arise. Learn how a simple wellness visit can prevent ER trips and lead to a lifetime of better health.

For many men with prostate cancer, weeks of daily treatments are no longer the norm. Jonathan Tward, MD, a radiation oncologist at Huntsman Cancer Institute, explains how image guidance, real-time motion tracking, and AI-assisted treatment planning allow highly precise therapy—often in just one to five sessions. Learn how this technology helps protect bowel, bladder, and sexual function while maintaining excellent cancer control.

Stress is part of everyday life, from work deadlines to family responsibilities. But when the tension does not fade—even when the stressor is gone—it may be a sign of something more serious. Jason Hunziker, MD, chief of adult psychiatry at Huntsman Mental Health Institute, explains how stress and anxiety overlap. He discusses how anxiety can persist, disrupt sleep, and interfere with relationships and health. Learn about the signs that indicate it is more than just stress, along with the treatment options—from therapy to medication—that can help restore balance.

Nearly 75% of pregnant women will face gum problems at some point, and the consequences can go beyond tooth loss. Daniel Thunell, DDS, explains how pregnancy hormones change your body’s response to bacteria and why gum care matters for both mother and child. Learn the safest times for treatment, the symptoms to watch for, and how prioritizing your own oral health helps protect your baby.

Whether you are speaking to loved ones, leading a classroom, or taking calls at work, your voice is one of the most important tools you use to connect with the world. Marisa Ryan, MD, a voice and airway specialist, explains how to recognize strain, avoid harmful habits, and keep your voice clear and resilient for years to come.

In this episode of Seven Questions for a Specialist, Richmond Doxey, MD, breaks down what it means to be an internist and how culinary medicine empowers patients to make real, lasting changes. He dispels the most common nutrition myth and discusses how to overcome discouragement while focusing on what you are doing right to achieve better health outcomes.

Fluoride does more than just prevent cavities—it actually strengthens teeth before they even come in. James Bekker, DMD, a pediatric dentist at University of Utah Health, explains how fluoride delivered during a child’s formative years hardens tooth enamel, reduces decay, and prevents painful dental problems later in life. Learn why timing matters and how parents can ensure their children get the fluoride they need.

The Mediterranean diet is not a trend—it is one of the most studied and effective eating patterns in the world. Richmond Doxey, MD, an internist and culinary medicine specialist, explains how this diet lowers cholesterol, improves brain function, and even reduces inflammation. Learn simple, practical steps you can take to start eating healthier without overhauling your entire lifestyle.

Stress isn’t always the enemy. It can push us to perform, focus, and grow—if we give our minds and bodies time to recover. Jason Hunziker, MD, division chief of adult psychiatry at Huntsman Mental Health Institute, explains the difference between productive stress and chronic, damaging stress. Learn how to recognize when your stress crosses the line from helpful to harmful and explore daily strategies to reset and restore your mental well-being.

When vocal cords or airways stop working as they should, daily life becomes a struggle. In this edition of Seven Questions for a Specialist, voice specialist Marisa Ryan, MD, discusses how she helps patients overcome issues with speaking, breathing, and swallowing. She also shares the most common mistakes that people make when trying to protect their voice.

Nearly half of all adults have some form of gum disease—and it is not just affecting your teeth. Daniel Thunell, DMD, board-certified periodontist at University of Utah Health, explains the research that links gum disease to major health conditions like heart disease, diabetes, dementia, and even pregnancy complications. Learn how inflammation in your mouth could impact your long-term wellness—and what you can do to prevent it.

Seeing high cholesterol on your lab report can be overwhelming, but the next steps do not have to be. Richmond Doxey, MD, an internist and culinary medicine specialist, explains how doctors tailor cholesterol management based on each patient's health, habits, and risk factors. Learn how small lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and—when needed—medications can work together to reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke.

In this episode of Seven Questions for a Specialist, we speak with Kelly Trythall, PA-C, a physician assistant in ear, nose, and throat care at University of Utah Health. She talks about why you should stop using Q-tips, what makes a great ENT provider, and the most common mistake people make when treating sinus or cold symptoms at home.

Feeling constantly overwhelmed, even after the stressor is gone? You might be skipping a crucial step that your body needs to recover. Psychologist Megan Call, PhD, explains the three stages of the stress response cycle and why most people never complete it. From physical activity to creative expression, learn seven proven strategies to return your body and mind to a true resting state.

Once scoliosis curves reach a certain size, they can continue to worsen, leading to pain, breathing problems, and heart strain later in life. Pediatric surgeon Joel Turtle, MD, PhD, explains how surgery can stop this progression and what options exist to preserve flexibility. From diagnosis to recovery, learn how specialists help kids with scoliosis return to a full, active life.

Voice changes that linger can be easy to brush off—until they start interfering with daily life. Marisa Ryan, MD, voice specialist at University of Utah Health, discusses the causes of vocal cord nodules, how to recognize early signs, and why ignoring them could lead to more serious issues. Learn why your voice matters and how non-surgical treatments can help you heal and protect it.

Phantom limb pain affects nearly 40 percent of amputees, often persisting despite medications and therapy. Reconstructive surgeon Shaun Mendenhall, MD, outlines why surgical techniques are now recommended. Learn when to consider these procedures, who qualifies, and why timing can make all the difference.

On this episode of Seven Questions for a Specialist, we speak with dentist James Bekker, DDS, about the everyday habits that can make or break your oral health. Find out why soda is worse than candy, how dental health impacts diabetes and heart disease, and the best ways to prevent that dreaded “we need to pull your tooth” conversation.

A mental health crisis does not always require a hospital bed, but it does require compassion and professional support. Natalie McClintock, LCSW, shares how the Kem and Carolyn Gardner Mental Health Crisis Care Center offers immediate help—no appointment or referral needed. From anxiety and depression to active psychosis, this walk-in facility provides up to 23 hours of care in a safe, warm environment, ensuring that no crisis goes unsupported.

A persistent clogged or muffled feeling in the ears can be frustrating—and sometimes even concerning. Kelly Trythall, PA-C, an ear, nose, and throat specialist at University of Utah Health, explains what might be behind that plugged-ear sensation. Whether it is earwax, eustachian tube issues, jaw tension, or even hearing loss, different treatment options can provide lasting relief. Learn what steps you can take to relieve the pressure at home and when it is time to see a provider.

By age 35, your bones are as strong as they are going to get—what you do before and after matters. Kirtly Jones, MD, breaks down what it takes to build and maintain healthy bones throughout life. From adolescence to aging, she explains how hormones, physical activity, and even soda habits affect bone density. Learn why osteoporosis is more than just an "old person's problem" and what actions you (or your kids, or your grandma) can take today to keep bones strong tomorrow.

You took too much medication—or someone you love might have—and now you are not sure what to do. Some overdoses can seem mild at first but quickly turn dangerous. Emergency physician Michael Moss, MD, explains which symptoms mean you need to call 911 right away, when the Poison Center can help, and why waiting it out is a risk you should not take.

On this episode of Seven Questions for a Specialist, physical therapist Meredith Grady, PT, discusses the often-overlooked physical and emotional recovery after childbirth. Learn what new moms should expect in the weeks following delivery, how to care for your pelvic floor, and why the bounce-back mentality is due for retirement.

Irritability, a lack of focus, and difficulty unplugging are not always just typical teen behavior—they could be signs of digital overstimulation. Magenta Silberman, PhD, shares how social media affects emotional regulation, sleep, and attention span in youth and what caregivers can do to support balance. Find out what healthy limits look like and how to start meaningful conversations about digital wellness.

Most people do not realize their bones are weakening until they experience a fracture. For women, the risk of osteoporosis increases significantly after menopause due to the drop in estrogen. But bone loss does not begin at 65. In fact, it can start decades earlier. Kirtly Jones, MD, explores the biology behind bone density decline and why early action is critical. She explains what puts certain people at higher risk and outlines the key lifestyle choices, screenings, and medical interventions that can make a measurable difference in your long-term skeletal health.

Crises do not wait for appointments—and neither does the Mobile Crisis Outreach Team. Claudine Miller, LCSW, explains how this two-person team meets individuals in crisis anywhere in the community, whether at home, work, or even in the park. Learn how this no-cost, judgment-free service is helping Utahns avoid unnecessary ER visits and navigate moments of crisis with real-time, compassionate care. From stabilizing immediate needs to connecting people with ongoing support, MCOT offers help when and where it matters most.

You do not need to be suicidal or in psychosis to be in crisis. A mental health crisis can mean overwhelming anxiety, grief that would not lift, or a stretch of time when functioning feels impossible. Natalie McClintock, LCSW, describes the many faces of crisis and introduces a new option for Utahns seeking help—the Kem and Carolyn Gardner Mental Health Crisis Care Center. Designed to be an alternative to ER visits or jail, the new Huntsman Mental Health Institute facility is open to any adult in need, no appointment required.

The six weeks after childbirth are critical for physical healing and emotional adjustment. But many new mothers skip their postpartum visit. Kirtly Jones, MD, and Meredith Grady, PT, explain why this period—often called the fourth trimester—plays a vital role in restoring pelvic floor health, managing hormonal shifts, and addressing complications early. Learn why caring for yourself after birth is just as important as caring for your baby.

If you have had every test imaginable—CT scans, balance assessments, blood work—but still frequently experience dizziness, you are not alone. Neurologist Judith Warner, MD, discusses why many patients with persistent dizziness do not get answers right away and how deeper evaluation can reveal causes like vestibular dysfunction, visual sensitivity, or migraine-related vertigo. She shares why these issues can be so difficult to pin down and how new strategies in diagnosis and treatment are helping patients find lasting relief.  Learn more about the University of Utah’s Dizzy School, an online resource developed to help patients and providers better understand chronic vertigo and dizziness.

Warts are stubborn, contagious, and often misunderstood. Luke Johnson, MD, a dermatologist with University of Utah Health, shares what actually helps—from over-the-counter salicylic acid to in-office freezing—and why no treatment is one-size-fits-all. Learn what to expect from different options, how long it really takes, and why consistency matters.

Dental health is crucial, but not always affordable for all budgets. James Bekker, DMD, from University of Utah School of Dentistry, offers an insider's guide to finding and utilizing low-cost dental services. From university-run clinics providing care at a fraction of the cost to state-supported initiatives for Medicaid beneficiaries, discover how to access the dental care you need without financial strain.

External stressors—from economic uncertainties to personal health crises—can leave us feeling helpless and drained. Claudine Miller, LCSW, a specialist in mental health crisis intervention from Huntsman Mental Health Institute, discusses why these stresses hit harder and shares methods to lighten this emotional load. Learn how understanding and addressing these stressors can lead to better mental health and personal growth.

Healing after surgery is not just about rest. It requires the right nutritional support. Surgeon Motaz Selim, MD, PhD explains how proper nutrition is crucial for a good recovery after an operation. He highlights the best foods to fuel the body's healing process and the importance of staying hydrated to ensure a smooth journey of recovery.

Whether they are caused by aging or genetics, droopy eyelids can affect more than just your appearance—they can also impair your vision. Plastic surgeon Dana Johns, MD, offers her expert advice on effective treatments ranging from non-invasive options like retinol creams and laser therapy to surgical procedures such as blepharoplasty or a "lid lift."

For many children with scoliosis, bracing is a crucial intervention that can avert the progression of spinal deformities. Pediatric orthopedic surgeon Joshua Speirs, MD, outlines how braces are tailored to each child’s anatomy, providing the necessary support to correct spinal alignment while allowing for normal growth and activity levels. Learn the answers to some of the most common concerns parents have with a back brace and how its use can help your child's long-term health.

Experiencing a lump sensation in your throat or unusual voice changes? Otolaryngologist Breanne Schiffer, MD, clarifies when these symptoms may require a doctor's attention. Understand the diagnostic process and learn about the common and not-so-common causes of these symptoms. Learn when to seek medical advice for throat discomfort and voice issues.

Dry, itchy, or scratchy throat? Throat specialist Breanne Schiffer, MD, explains what these symptoms might mean and offers simple yet effective strategies for relief. From staying hydrated to using humidifiers and understanding when these symptoms might require medical attention, learn how to manage your throat health effectively.

Most diets are set up to fail. They demand drastic changes, impose rigid rules, and often take the joy out of eating—making them nearly impossible to sustain. But it does not have to be this way. Dietitian Theresa Dvorak uncovers the common reasons diets fall short and shares practical strategies to help you make small, realistic changes that fit into your life. By focusing on flexibility, mindfulness, and finding joy in food, you can break free from the cycle and create healthier eating habits that lead to lasting success.

Are we overdoing it with vitamin D tests and supplements? Katie Ward, DNP, discusses recent findings that suggest that natural sunlight and a balanced diet might just be enough to satisfy our vitamin D needs. Learn how frequently one should test for vitamin D, how to get what you need from everyday activities, and when supplements are truly necessary.

How soon can you resume normal activities after surgery? Surgeon Motaz Selim, MD, PhD, breaks down the recovery process, offering expert advice on everything from dealing with post-surgery pain to when it is safe to start exercising. Learn the key milestones in your journey back to health.

Cold winter air can be harsh—especially on your throat. Breanne Schiffer, MD, explains why dry throat occurs more frequently during winter and provides practical tips for keeping your throat moist and comfortable. From hydration to home humidification, get all the advice you need to tackle throat dryness this season.